İklim Değişikliği Açısından Konya İlinde Organik ve Geleneksel Tarım Faaliyetlerinin Analizi
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2024
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Selçuk Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
İklim değişikliği ile tarım sektörü arasında karşılıklı ilişki söz konusu olup toplumun besin
ihtiyacının karşılanması için gerçekleştirilen tarımsal üretim faaliyetleri hem iklimsel faktörlerden
etkilenmekte hem de iklimi etkilemektedir. İklim değişikliği ile mücadelede organik tarım önem arz
etmektedir. Nitekim organik tarımda kimyasal girdi kullanılmaması ve çevresel sürdürülebilirliğin temel
alınması nedeniyle iklim değişikliğine karşı önlem olabilir. Bu çalışma kapsamında; iklim değişikliğiyle
mücadelede organik tarımın öneminin ortaya konulması amaçlanmış olup Konya ili araştırma alanı olarak
seçilmiştir. Organik tarım yapan 219 adet ve geleneksel tarım yapan 280 adet olmak üzere 499 işletmeciyle
anket yapılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler doğrultusunda organik ve geleneksel tarım yapan işletmelerin sosyoekonomik yapıları, üretim maliyetleri, karlılık düzeyleri, iklim değişikliğine yönelik tutum-davranışları,
sera gazı emisyonları, karbon maliyetleri ve iklim dirençleri karşılaştırılmıştır. Karşılaştırmalarda nohut,
nane, çilek, domates, haşhaş, ceviz, buğday, vişne, üzüm, yonca, şekerpancarı, soğan ve elma olmak üzere
13 ürün ele alınmıştır. Ürünlerin sera gazı emisyon miktarları hesaplanmış olup 13 üründe de (organik
nohutun kuru koşullarda üretildiği varsayımında) organik tarımda daha az sera gazı salınımı gerçekleştiği
ve geleneksel tarıma göre yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarından daha fazla yararlanıldığı belirlenmiştir.
Ayrıca incelenen işletmelerde birim ürün başına karbon maliyetinin Avrupa Birliği (50-100$/ton) sınırının
üzerinde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. İklim direncinde ise organik tarım yapan işletmelerde genel endeks 0,76
tespit edilmiş olup geleneksel tarım yapan işletmelere göre dirençleri daha yüksek belirlenmiştir.
There is a mutual relationship between climate change and the agricultural sector, and agricultural production activities carried out to meet the nutritional needs of the society are both affected by climatic factors and affect the climate. Organic agriculture is important in the fight against climate change. As a matter of fact, organic agriculture can be a measure against climate change since it does not use chemical inputs and is based on environmental sustainability. This scope of work; It was aimed to reveal the importance of organic agriculture in combating climate change and Konya province was chosen as the research area. A survey was conducted with 499 operators, 219 of whom were engaged in organic agriculture and 280 were engaged in conventional agriculture. In line with the data obtained, socioeconomic structures, production costs, profitability levels, attitudes-behaviours towards climate change, greenhouse gas emissions, carbon costs and climate resilience of organic and conventional farming enterprises were compared. In the comparisons, 13 crops including chickpea, mint, strawberry, tomato, poppy, walnut, wheat, cherry, grape, alfalfa, sugar beet, onion and apple were considered. The greenhouse gas emission amounts of the products were calculated and it was determined that in all 13 products (assuming that organic chickpea is produced under dry conditions), less greenhouse gas emissions are realised in organic agriculture and more renewable energy resources are utilised compared to conventional agriculture. In addition, it was determined that the carbon cost per unit product in the examined enterprises was above the European Union (50-100 $/ton) limit. In climate resilience, the general index was 0.76 in organic farming enterprises and their resilience was determined to be higher than conventional farming enterprises.
There is a mutual relationship between climate change and the agricultural sector, and agricultural production activities carried out to meet the nutritional needs of the society are both affected by climatic factors and affect the climate. Organic agriculture is important in the fight against climate change. As a matter of fact, organic agriculture can be a measure against climate change since it does not use chemical inputs and is based on environmental sustainability. This scope of work; It was aimed to reveal the importance of organic agriculture in combating climate change and Konya province was chosen as the research area. A survey was conducted with 499 operators, 219 of whom were engaged in organic agriculture and 280 were engaged in conventional agriculture. In line with the data obtained, socioeconomic structures, production costs, profitability levels, attitudes-behaviours towards climate change, greenhouse gas emissions, carbon costs and climate resilience of organic and conventional farming enterprises were compared. In the comparisons, 13 crops including chickpea, mint, strawberry, tomato, poppy, walnut, wheat, cherry, grape, alfalfa, sugar beet, onion and apple were considered. The greenhouse gas emission amounts of the products were calculated and it was determined that in all 13 products (assuming that organic chickpea is produced under dry conditions), less greenhouse gas emissions are realised in organic agriculture and more renewable energy resources are utilised compared to conventional agriculture. In addition, it was determined that the carbon cost per unit product in the examined enterprises was above the European Union (50-100 $/ton) limit. In climate resilience, the general index was 0.76 in organic farming enterprises and their resilience was determined to be higher than conventional farming enterprises.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
: iklim değişikliği, iklim direnci, karbon maliyeti, Konya, organik tarım, sera gazı emisyonu, climate change, climate resilience, carbon cost, organic agriculture, greenhouse gas emissions
Kaynak
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Künye
Ağızan, S., (2024). İklim Değişikliği Açısından Konya İlinde Organik ve Geleneksel Tarım Faaliyetlerinin Analizi. (Doktora Tezi). Selçuk Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Konya.
