Bazı Sitron Karpuz (Citrullus Lanatus Var. Citroides) Genotiplerinde Işınlanmış Polen Tekniğinin Haploid Bitki Eldesi Üzerine Etkileri
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2024
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Selçuk Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Karpuz (Citrulus lanatus var. lanatus) açık arazi ve örtü altında çoğunlukla aşılı fide
ile yetiştirilen ve domatesten sonra en çok üretilen sebzedir. Global iklim değişikliği
çerçevesinde meydana gelen ve etkileri her geçen gün artan kuraklık karpuz üretimini
kısıtlayan en önemli faktörlerin başındadır. Ticari karpuz çeşitleri kuraklığa yüksek oranda
hassastır ve kuraklığa toleransı yüksek anaçlara aşılanarak yetiştirilmesi pratik seçeneklerden
birisidir. Citrullus cinsi içerisinde yer alan ve yabani bir form olan sitron karpuzu (Citrullus
lanatus var. citroides) kuraklığa toleransının yüksek olması sebebiyle özellikle kurak ve yarı
kurak bölgelerde yetiştirilmektedir. Sitron karpuzunun kültür karpuzuna anaç olarak
kullanılabilmesi üstün özelliklere sahip F hibrit anaçlarının üretilmesine bağlıdır.
Partenogenesis (ışınlanmış polen tekniği) karpuzun yüksek oranda yabancı tozlanması
sebebiyle klasik yöntemlerle uzun süre (7-8 generasyon kendileme) alan saflaştırma işlemini 2
yıla kadar düşürebilecek önemli bir biyoteknolojik (dihaploidizasyon) yöntemdir.
Bu amaçla, mevcut çalışmada, 11 sitron karpuzu genotipinin polenlerine farklı
dozlarda (200, 250 ve 300 Gy) gama ışını uygulanmış ve bu polenlerle tozlamalar yapılarak
partenogenetik embriyo uyartımı sağlanmaya çalışılmıştır. Çalışmada 729 çiçek tozlanmış ve
337 adet meyve elde edilmiştir. Işın dozları açısından meyve tutumu oranlarında bir fark ortaya
çıkmamış, en yüksek meyve sayısını 4 (42 adet) ve 13 (41 adet) nolu sitron karpuz genotipleri
vermiştir. İncelenen 271 meyveden 18409 adet tohum çıkarılmış ve 134 adet embriyo kültüre
alınmıştır. Meyve başına embriyo sayısı 0.49 ve 100 tohumdaki embriyo sayısı ise % 0.72
olarak gerçekleşmiştir. Kültüre alınan 134 embriyodan 102 tanesi bitkiye dönüşmüş, bunlardan
88 tanesi başarılı bir şekilde dış koşullara alıştırılarak ploidi analizlerinde kullanılmıştır.
Stomatal analizler ve flow sitometri kullanılarak yapılan ploidi analizleri farklı sonuçlar
vermiş, 77 bitkinin diploid (2n), 9 bitkinin miksoploid (n + 2n) ve 2 bitkinin ise haploid (n)
olduğu belirlenmiştir. Haploid bitkiler % 1’lik kolhisinin 2 saat süreyle gün aşırı 2 sefer sürgün
uçlarına uygulanmasıyla double haploid hale getirilmiş, serada büyütülerek kendilenmiş ve
tohumları elde edilmiştir.
Watermelon (Citrulus lanatus var. lanatus) is the most produced vegetable after tomato, grown mostly with grafted seedlings in open fields and protected cultivation. Drought, which occurs within the framework of global climate change and whose effects are increasing day by day, is one of the most important factors restricting watermelon production. Commercial watermelon varieties are highly sensitive to drought, and growing by grafting them onto drought-tolerant rootstocks is considered one of the most practical options. Citron watermelon (Citrullus lanatus var. citroides), a wild form within the Citrullus genus, is grown especially in arid and semi-arid regions due to its high drought tolerance. The ability to use citron watermelon as a rootstock for cultivated watermelon depends on the production of F hybrid rootstocks with superior properties. Parthenogenesis (irradiated pollen technique) is an important biotechnological (dihaploidization) method that can reduce the pure line process, which takes a long time (7-8 generations of selfing) with classical methods, to 2 years due to the high rate of open-pollination. Thus, in this study, different gamma-ray doses (200, 250 and 300 Gy) were applied to the pollen of 11 citron watermelon genotypes and parthenogenetic embryo stimulation was tried to be achieved by pollination with these pollens. In the study, 729 flowers were pollinated and 401 fruits were obtained. There was no difference in fruit set rates in terms of radiation doses, and citron watermelon genotypes 4 (42 fruits) and 13 (41 fruits) produced the highest number of fruits. 18409 seeds were extracted from 271 fruits and 134 embryos were cultured. The number of embryos per fruit was 0.49 and the number of embryos per 100 seeds was 0.72%. 134 embryos were cultured in vitro conditions, 102 turned into plants, and 88 of them were successfully acclimatized to external conditions and tested in ploidy analyses. Ploidy analyses performed by using stomatal analyses and flow cytometry produced different results, and it was determined that 77 plants were diploid (2n), 9 plants were mixoploid (n + 2n) and 2 plants were haploid (n). Haploid plants were double haploid by applying 1% colchicine to the shoot tips twice every other day for 2 hours, they were grown in the greenhouse, selfed and their seeds were obtained.
Watermelon (Citrulus lanatus var. lanatus) is the most produced vegetable after tomato, grown mostly with grafted seedlings in open fields and protected cultivation. Drought, which occurs within the framework of global climate change and whose effects are increasing day by day, is one of the most important factors restricting watermelon production. Commercial watermelon varieties are highly sensitive to drought, and growing by grafting them onto drought-tolerant rootstocks is considered one of the most practical options. Citron watermelon (Citrullus lanatus var. citroides), a wild form within the Citrullus genus, is grown especially in arid and semi-arid regions due to its high drought tolerance. The ability to use citron watermelon as a rootstock for cultivated watermelon depends on the production of F hybrid rootstocks with superior properties. Parthenogenesis (irradiated pollen technique) is an important biotechnological (dihaploidization) method that can reduce the pure line process, which takes a long time (7-8 generations of selfing) with classical methods, to 2 years due to the high rate of open-pollination. Thus, in this study, different gamma-ray doses (200, 250 and 300 Gy) were applied to the pollen of 11 citron watermelon genotypes and parthenogenetic embryo stimulation was tried to be achieved by pollination with these pollens. In the study, 729 flowers were pollinated and 401 fruits were obtained. There was no difference in fruit set rates in terms of radiation doses, and citron watermelon genotypes 4 (42 fruits) and 13 (41 fruits) produced the highest number of fruits. 18409 seeds were extracted from 271 fruits and 134 embryos were cultured. The number of embryos per fruit was 0.49 and the number of embryos per 100 seeds was 0.72%. 134 embryos were cultured in vitro conditions, 102 turned into plants, and 88 of them were successfully acclimatized to external conditions and tested in ploidy analyses. Ploidy analyses performed by using stomatal analyses and flow cytometry produced different results, and it was determined that 77 plants were diploid (2n), 9 plants were mixoploid (n + 2n) and 2 plants were haploid (n). Haploid plants were double haploid by applying 1% colchicine to the shoot tips twice every other day for 2 hours, they were grown in the greenhouse, selfed and their seeds were obtained.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Işınlanmış polen tekniği, sitron karpuzu, saf hatlar, Irradiated pollen technique, citron watermelon, pure lines
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Takcı E., (2024). Bazı Sitron Karpuz (Citrullus Lanatus Var. Citroides) Genotiplerinde Işınlanmış Polen Tekniğinin Haploid Bitki Eldesi Üzerine Etkileri. (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Selçuk Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Konya.
