Elma Küllemesi (Podosphaera Leucotricha (Eli ve Everh) Salm) Hastalığına Karşı Elma Çeşitlerinin Hassasiyetlerinin ve Bazı Uygulamaların Etkinliklerinin Belirlenmesi
Yükleniyor...
Dosyalar
Tarih
2022
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Selçuk Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışma, 2020-2021 yıllarında Konya ili Sarayönü İlçesi sınırları içerisinde yer alan Selçuk Üniversitesi Sarayönü Meslek Yüksek Okulu bahçesindeki elma çeşitlerinin külleme etmenine karşı hassasiyet derecelerinin belirlenmesi ve külleme etmenine karşı bazı biyolojik ve kimyasal preparatların etkinliklerinin araştırılması amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Bunun için M9 anaçlı on bir yaşındaki 15 farklı elma çeşidi üzerinde elma küllemesi (Podosphaera leucotricha) hastalığının şiddetini ve çeşitlerin hastalığa karşı duyarlılıklarını belirlemek amacıyla 2 yıl gözlem yapılmış ve bu etmene karşı en hassas çeşit olarak belirlenen Idared çeşidi üzerinde ilaç denemesi uygulanmıştır. Summer Red, Ambassy, Mondial Gala, Idared, Jonagold, Red Chief, Golden Reinders, Top Red, Golden Klon, Braeburn, Fuji Kiku, Red Star, Granny Smitt, Galaxy Gala ve Pink Lady isimli elma çeşitleri üzerinde külleme hastalığının iki yıl üst üste hem yaprak hem de sürgünlerdeki enfeksiyon seyrinin takibi sonucunda çeşitlerde sırasıyla yapraklar da %37.50, %34.17, %57.50, %95.75, %66.75, %83.25, %20.92, %20.75, %8.13, %62.54, %16.75, %10.15, %20.75, %12.75 ve %4.25 oranında hastalık şiddeti gözlenirken, yine sırasıyla sürgünlerde %45.75, %29.77, %60, %96, %70.75, %91.75, %25.50, %16.75, %11, %58.67, %17.50, %11, %16.75, %11.15 ve %5 oranlarında hastalık şiddeti değerleri tespit edilmiştir. Hastalık şiddeti değerlerine göre elma çeşitleri külleme hastalığına karşı duyarlılıkları bakımından değerlendirildiğinde en duyarlı çeşidin Idared, en az duyarlı çeşidin ise Pink Lady olduğu bulunmuştur. Idared çeşidi üzerinde yapılan ilaç denemelerinde üç biyolojik ve iki kimyasal preparat kullanılmıştır. Preparatların yaprakta ve sürgündeki etkinlik oranları incelendiğinde en yüksek etkinlik %93.86-92.75’lik oran ile Lusen’de görülmüştür. Lusen’den sonra en etkili preparatların sırasıyla Finesulfur (%89.60-84.40), Bontera (%79.20-72.38), Biowish (%72.63-64.45) ve Ekmek Mayası (%69.50-62.88) olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Deneme sonucunda elma küllemesine karşı kullanılan preparatların %60-95 oranları arasında etkili oldukları belirlenmiştir. Elma küllemesi hastalığının sorun oluşturduğu bölgelerde hastalıkla mücadele açısından dayanıklı çeşitlerin seçiminde ve kimyasal mücadeleye alternatif olarak biyolojik preparatların kullanılmasında bu çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlar ışık tutarak daha bilinçli bir elma bahçesinin tesisinde yol gösterici olacaktır.
This study was carried out in order to determine the sensitivity levels of apple cultivars against powdery mildew in the garden of Selçuk University Sarayönü Vocational High School located within the borders of Sarayönü District of Konya province in 2020-2021 and to investigate the effectiveness of some biological and chemical preparations against powdery mildew. For this purpose, 2 years of observation was made to determine the severity of apple powdery mildew (Podosphaera leucotricha) disease and the susceptibility of the cultivars to the disease on 15 different 11-year-old apple cultivars with M9 rootstock, and a drug trial was carried out on the Idared cultivar, which was determined as the most sensitive cultivar against this factor. Apple varieties; Summer Red, Ambassy, Mondial Gala, Idared, Jonagold, Red Chief, Golden Reinders, Top Red, Golden Klon, Braeburn, Fuji Kiku, Red Star, Granny Smitt, Galaxy Gala and Pink Lady. As a result of the examination of the symptoms on both leaves and shoots, the susceptibility of the cultivars to powdery mildew was determined. Average severity of disease in leaves respectively; 37.50%, 34.17%, 57.50%, 95.75%, 66.75%, 83.25%, 20.92%, 0.75%, 8.13%, 62.54%, 16.75%, 10.15%, 20.75%, 12.75% and 4.25% and in shoots; 45.75%, 29.77%, 60%, 96%, 70.75%, 91.75%, 25.50%, 16.75%, 11%, 58.67%, 17.50%, 11%, 16.75%, 11.15% and 5%. According to the values, it was determined that the most resistant apple cultivars against the disease was Pink Lady and the most sensitive was Idared. Three biological and two chemical preparations were used in drug trials on Idared variety. When the efficiency rates of the preparations on the leaves and shoots were examined, the highest efficiency was observed in Lusen with a rate of 93.86%-92.75%. After Lusen, the most effective preparations were found to be Finesulfur (89.60%-84.40%), Bontera (79.20%-72.38%), Biowish (72.63%-64.45%) and Baker's Yeast (69.50%-62.88%), respectively. As a result of the experiment, it was determined that the preparations used against apple powdery mildew were effective between 60%-95%. The results obtained from this study will guide the establishment of a more conscious apple orchard in the selection of resistant varieties in terms of disease control and the use of biological preparations as an alternative to chemical control in regions where apple powdery mildew is a problem.
This study was carried out in order to determine the sensitivity levels of apple cultivars against powdery mildew in the garden of Selçuk University Sarayönü Vocational High School located within the borders of Sarayönü District of Konya province in 2020-2021 and to investigate the effectiveness of some biological and chemical preparations against powdery mildew. For this purpose, 2 years of observation was made to determine the severity of apple powdery mildew (Podosphaera leucotricha) disease and the susceptibility of the cultivars to the disease on 15 different 11-year-old apple cultivars with M9 rootstock, and a drug trial was carried out on the Idared cultivar, which was determined as the most sensitive cultivar against this factor. Apple varieties; Summer Red, Ambassy, Mondial Gala, Idared, Jonagold, Red Chief, Golden Reinders, Top Red, Golden Klon, Braeburn, Fuji Kiku, Red Star, Granny Smitt, Galaxy Gala and Pink Lady. As a result of the examination of the symptoms on both leaves and shoots, the susceptibility of the cultivars to powdery mildew was determined. Average severity of disease in leaves respectively; 37.50%, 34.17%, 57.50%, 95.75%, 66.75%, 83.25%, 20.92%, 0.75%, 8.13%, 62.54%, 16.75%, 10.15%, 20.75%, 12.75% and 4.25% and in shoots; 45.75%, 29.77%, 60%, 96%, 70.75%, 91.75%, 25.50%, 16.75%, 11%, 58.67%, 17.50%, 11%, 16.75%, 11.15% and 5%. According to the values, it was determined that the most resistant apple cultivars against the disease was Pink Lady and the most sensitive was Idared. Three biological and two chemical preparations were used in drug trials on Idared variety. When the efficiency rates of the preparations on the leaves and shoots were examined, the highest efficiency was observed in Lusen with a rate of 93.86%-92.75%. After Lusen, the most effective preparations were found to be Finesulfur (89.60%-84.40%), Bontera (79.20%-72.38%), Biowish (72.63%-64.45%) and Baker's Yeast (69.50%-62.88%), respectively. As a result of the experiment, it was determined that the preparations used against apple powdery mildew were effective between 60%-95%. The results obtained from this study will guide the establishment of a more conscious apple orchard in the selection of resistant varieties in terms of disease control and the use of biological preparations as an alternative to chemical control in regions where apple powdery mildew is a problem.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Biyolojik, Duyarlılık, Elma, Fungisit, Podosphaera leucotricha, Apple, Biological, Fungicide, Susceptibility
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Aldemir, C., (2022). Elma Küllemesi (Podosphaera Leucotricha (Eli ve Everh) Salm) Hastalığına Karşı Elma Çeşitlerinin Hassasiyetlerinin ve Bazı Uygulamaların Etkinliklerinin Belirlenmesi. (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Selçuk Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Konya.
