Farklı Zamanlarda Ekilen İtalyan Çimi (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) ve Tef (Eragrostis tef (Zucc) Trotter) Bitkilerinin Ot Verimi ve Kalitesinin Belirlenmesi
Yükleniyor...
Dosyalar
Tarih
2023
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Selçuk Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışma Konya koşullarında yazlık olarak farklı zamanlarda ekilen tef ve İtalyan çiminin ot
verim ve kalitesini belirlenmesi amacıyla 2020 yılında yapılmıştır. Çalışma Selçuk Üniversite Ziraat
Fakültesi Tarla Bitkileri Deneme Tarlasında yürütülmüştür. Deneme tesadüf blokları deneme desenine
göre 3 tekerrürlü olarak kurulmuştur. Çalışmada iki İtalyan çimi çeşidi ve iki tef bitkisi çeşidi, 1 Mayıs, 1
Haziran ve 1 Temmuz tarihleri olmak üzere üç farklı zamanda ekilmiştir. Çalışmada bitki boyu, sap çapı,
yeşil ot verimi, kuru ot verimi, kuru madde oranı, kuru madde verimi, protein oranı ve protein verimi gibi
özellikler incelenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda mevcutta ekimi yapılan İtalyan çimi ile yeni bir bitki olan tef
bitkisinin farklı zamanlarda ekimlerine göre verim ve kaliteleri kıyaslanmış, özellikle sıcak yaz
döneminde gelişimi yavaşlayan İtalyan çimi yerine tef bitkisinin kullanılabilme potansiyeli ortaya
konmuştur. Çalışma ile kaliteli kaba yem açığını kapatmaya katkı sağlamak için yem bitkileri tarımına
yeni türlerin, çeşitlerin ve uygulamaların kazandırılması hedeflenmiştir.
Araştırma sonucunda, tef bitkisinde bitki boyu 75.4 – 84.6 cm, sap kalınlığı 1.70 – 2.15 mm,
yeşil ot verimi 5152.2 – 7555.8 kg/da, kuru ot verimi 1458.6 – 2390.70 kg/da, kuru madde oranı %25.98
– %32.14 kg/da, kuru madde verimi 13350 – 2176.2 kg/da, ham protein oranı %6.12 – 8.55, ham protein
verimi 108.3 – 149.7 kg/da arasında; İtalyan çiminde bitki boyu 35.9 – 88.9 cm, sap kalınlığı 2.44 – 3.73
mm, yeşil ot verimi 739.2 – 4604.2 kg/da, kuru ot verimi 243.3 – 1040.9 kg/da, kuru madde oranı %14.73
– %30.13 kg/da, kuru madde verimi 221.4 – 952.6 kg/da, ham protein oranı %9.45 – 11.19, ham protein
verimi 20.9 – 102.3 kg/da arasında bulunmuştur.
Çalışma sonucunda; Orta Anadolu koşullarında yazlık ekim tarihlerinde, sıcak iklim bitkisi olan
tef yeşil ot, kuru ot kuru madde ve ham protein açısından İtalyan çiminden daha fazla verim vermiştir.
İtalyan çimi çeşitlerinin ham protein oranları tef çeşitlerinin ham protein oranlarından daha yüksek
bulunmuştur. Tef çeşitleri optimum iklim koşullarında kısa vejetasyon sürelerinde bile tatmin edici verim
vermektedir. Serin iklim bitkisi olan ve çalışmada kullanılan İtalyan çimi çeşitleri için ise yazlık
ekimlerin uygun olmadığını belirlenmiştir. Tef bitkisi Orta Anadolu koşullarında ekimden 55-65 gün
içerisinde biçim olgunluğuna gelmektedir. Tef bitkisi Orta Anadolu koşullarında ikinci ürün olarak 1
Temmuz’da ekildiğinde bile iki kez biçilebilmekte ve iyi bir verim verebilmektedir. Daha fazla tef çeşiti
ile benzer çalışmaların yapılması uygun olacaktır.
This study was conducted in 2020 to determine the herbage yield and quality of tef and Italian ryegrass sown at different times as summer crops under Konya conditions. The study was carried out in Selçuk University, Faculty of Agriculture, Field Crops Experimental Field. The experiment was established according to the randomized block design with 3 replications. Two Italian ryegrass cultivars and two tef plant cultivars were sown at three different times on May 1, June 1 and July 1. Plant height, stem diameter, green grass yield, dry grass yield, dry matter rate, dry matter yield, protein rate and protein yield were analyzed. As a result of the study, the yield and quality of Italian ryegrass, which is currently cultivated, and tef plant, which is a new plant, were compared according to their sowing at different times, and the potential of using tef plant instead of Italian ryegrass, whose development slows down especially during the hot summer period, was revealed. The aim of the study was to introduce new species, varieties and practices to forage crops agriculture in order to contribute to closing the quality forage deficit. As a result of the study, plant height 75.4 – 84.6 cm, stem thickness 1.70 – 2.15 mm, green grass yield 5152.2 – 7555.8 kg/da, dry grass yield 1458.6 - 2390.7 kg/da, dry matter rate 25.98% - 32.14% kg/da, dry matter yield 13350 – 2176.2 kg/da, crude protein rate 6.12% - 8.55%, crude protein yield 108.3 – 149.7 kg/da in tef; plant height 35.9 - 88.9 cm, stem thickness 2.44 – 3.73 mm, green grass yield 739.2 – 4604.2 kg/da, dry grass yield 221.4 – 952.6 kg/da, dry matter rate 14.73% - 30.13% kg/da, dry matter yield 221.4 – 952.6 kg/da, crude protein rate 9.45% – 11.19%, crude protein yield 20.9 - 149.7 kg/da in Italian ryegrass As a result of the study, tef, which is a warm climate plant, yielded more than Italian ryegrass in terms of green grass, dry matter and crude protein in summer sowing dates under Central Anatolian conditions. The crude protein ratios of Italian ryegrass varieties were higher than the crude protein ratios of tef varieties. Tef varieties gave satisfactory yield even in short vegetation periods under optimum climatic conditions. It was determined that summer sowing was not suitable for Italian ryegrass varieties, which are cool climate plants and used in the study. In Central Anatolian conditions, Tef plant reaches harvest maturity within 55-65 days after sowing. In Central Anatolian conditions, tef can be mowed twice and give a good yield even when sown on July 1 as a second crop. It would be appropriate to conduct similar studies with more tef varieties.
This study was conducted in 2020 to determine the herbage yield and quality of tef and Italian ryegrass sown at different times as summer crops under Konya conditions. The study was carried out in Selçuk University, Faculty of Agriculture, Field Crops Experimental Field. The experiment was established according to the randomized block design with 3 replications. Two Italian ryegrass cultivars and two tef plant cultivars were sown at three different times on May 1, June 1 and July 1. Plant height, stem diameter, green grass yield, dry grass yield, dry matter rate, dry matter yield, protein rate and protein yield were analyzed. As a result of the study, the yield and quality of Italian ryegrass, which is currently cultivated, and tef plant, which is a new plant, were compared according to their sowing at different times, and the potential of using tef plant instead of Italian ryegrass, whose development slows down especially during the hot summer period, was revealed. The aim of the study was to introduce new species, varieties and practices to forage crops agriculture in order to contribute to closing the quality forage deficit. As a result of the study, plant height 75.4 – 84.6 cm, stem thickness 1.70 – 2.15 mm, green grass yield 5152.2 – 7555.8 kg/da, dry grass yield 1458.6 - 2390.7 kg/da, dry matter rate 25.98% - 32.14% kg/da, dry matter yield 13350 – 2176.2 kg/da, crude protein rate 6.12% - 8.55%, crude protein yield 108.3 – 149.7 kg/da in tef; plant height 35.9 - 88.9 cm, stem thickness 2.44 – 3.73 mm, green grass yield 739.2 – 4604.2 kg/da, dry grass yield 221.4 – 952.6 kg/da, dry matter rate 14.73% - 30.13% kg/da, dry matter yield 221.4 – 952.6 kg/da, crude protein rate 9.45% – 11.19%, crude protein yield 20.9 - 149.7 kg/da in Italian ryegrass As a result of the study, tef, which is a warm climate plant, yielded more than Italian ryegrass in terms of green grass, dry matter and crude protein in summer sowing dates under Central Anatolian conditions. The crude protein ratios of Italian ryegrass varieties were higher than the crude protein ratios of tef varieties. Tef varieties gave satisfactory yield even in short vegetation periods under optimum climatic conditions. It was determined that summer sowing was not suitable for Italian ryegrass varieties, which are cool climate plants and used in the study. In Central Anatolian conditions, Tef plant reaches harvest maturity within 55-65 days after sowing. In Central Anatolian conditions, tef can be mowed twice and give a good yield even when sown on July 1 as a second crop. It would be appropriate to conduct similar studies with more tef varieties.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ekim zamanı, İtalyan çimi, Tef bitkisi, Yazotu, Eragrostis tef, Sowing time, Italian ryegrass, Tef plant, Summerweed
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Acar, B., (2023). Farklı Zamanlarda Ekilen İtalyan Çimi (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) ve Tef (Eragrostis tef (Zucc) Trotter) Bitkilerinin Ot Verimi ve Kalitesinin Belirlenmesi. (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Selçuk Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Konya.
