Garcistan Beyleri: Şar Ailesi
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2021 Şubat
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Selçuk Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Şâr ailesi, XI. yüzyılda günümüzde Afgan Türkistan’ında bulunan Murgab Nehri kıyılarında yaşamıştır. Hanedan ilk başta Sâmânîlere bağlı yarı bağımsız bir Türk Beyliği olarak varlığını korumuştur. Ailenin kurucusu Şâr Reşid’dir. Kurucusunun künyesine nispetle hanedanın başına geçen tüm hükümdarlar Şâr olarak anılmıştır. Başta Şâr Reşid olmak üzere altı kişi hanedanın başına gelmiştir. Bunlar Şâr Ebu Nasr Muhammed b. Esed, Şâr Şah Ebu Muhammed b. Muhammed, Şâr Urdeşir, Şâr İbrahim b. Urdeşir ve Şâr Şah b. İbrahim’dir. Hanedan bir müddet Sâmânîlere bağlı isyancı Ebu Ali Simcûrî’nin saldırılarına maruz kalmıştır. Sebük Tegin’in devreye girmesiyle tekrar eski statüsünü kazanan Şâr ailesi, 389/999 yılında Şâr Ebu Nasr döneminde Gaznelilere bağlanmış, Garcistân sikkeleri Sultan Mahmud adına basılıp camilerinde adına hutbe okutulmuştur. Bir müddet sonra Gazneli Mahmud, Hindistan’a gazaya gitmeye niyetlenmiştir. Şâr ailesinin de yanında yer almasını istemiştir. Ancak hanedanın başında bulunan Şâr Şah, türlü bahaneler ileri sürerek Gazneli Mahmud’un fetih hareketlerine katılmaktan imtina etmiştir. Hindistan gazasını daha ehemmiyetli gören Gazneli Mahmud, haritasını çizdiği fetih hareketine devam etmiştir. Fakat Şâr ailesiyle hesaplaşmayı daha sonraya bırakmıştır. Kısa bir süre sonra gazadan dönen Gazneli Mahmud, güçlü bir ordu ile emirlerinden Emir Hâcib Altıntaş ve Arslan Câzib’i Garcistân üzerine göndermiştir. Gazneli ordusuna karşı savaşamayacağını anlayan Şâr Ebu Nasr, oğlu Şâr Şah’ı isyanından vaz geçirmeye çalıştıysa da başarılı olamamıştır. Savaştan sonra Gazne’ye getirilen Şâr ailesi Gazneli Mahmud’un ihsan ve ikramına mazhar olmuş, ihtiyaçları görülmüştür. Herat’ta Gaznelilerin gözetiminde tutulan Şâr Ebu Nasr, 407/1016 yılında vefat etmiştir. Bundan böyle Gaznelilerin topraklarına katılan Garcistân, ilerleyen tarihlerde Selçuklular ve Hârizmşahların egemenliğine girmiştir.
The Shar family lived on the banks of the Murgab River in present-day Afghan Turkestan in the 11th century. At first, the dynasty maintained its existence as a semi-independent Turkish Principality attached to the Samanids. The founder of the family is Shar Rashid. All the rulers who came to the head of the dynasty in relation to the identity of their founder were referred to as shar. Six people, especially Shar Rashid, became the head of the dynasty. These are Shar Abu Nasr Muhammad b. Asad, Shar Shah Abu Muhammad b. Muhammad, Shar Urdashir, Shar İbrahim b. Uraeshir and Shar Shah b. Abraham. The dynasty was exposed to the attacks of Abu Ali Simjuri, a rebel loyal to the Samanids, for a while. The Shar family, which regained its former status with the intervention of Sabuk Tagin, was attached to the Ghaznavids during the reign of Shar Abu Nasr in 389/999, the Gharjistan coins were printed in the name of Sultan Mahmud and a sermon was delivered in their mosques. After a while, Mahmud of Ghazni intended to go to India for Ghaza. He wanted the Shar family to be with him. However, Shar Shah, who was at the head of the dynasty, refrained from participating in the conquest movements of Mahmud of Ghazni by making various excuses. Ghaznavid Mahmud, who saw the Indian Ghaza as more important, continued the conquest movement that he had drawn. However, he left the reckoning with the Shar family for later. After a short while, Mahmud of Ghazni, who returned from the war, sent his amirs Amir Hâjib Altıntash and Arslan Jâzib against Garjistan with a strong army. Realizing that he could not fight against the Ghaznavid army, Shar Abu Nasr tried to dissuade his son Shar Shah from his rebellion, but he was unsuccessful. The Shar family, who was brought to Ghazni after the war, received the favors and favors of Mahmud of Ghazni, and their needs were met. Shar Abu Nasr, who was kept under the supervision of the Ghaznavids in Herat, died in 407/1016. From now on, Garjistan, who joined the lands of the Ghaznavids, came under the rule of the Seljuks and Hârizmşahlar in the following dates.
The Shar family lived on the banks of the Murgab River in present-day Afghan Turkestan in the 11th century. At first, the dynasty maintained its existence as a semi-independent Turkish Principality attached to the Samanids. The founder of the family is Shar Rashid. All the rulers who came to the head of the dynasty in relation to the identity of their founder were referred to as shar. Six people, especially Shar Rashid, became the head of the dynasty. These are Shar Abu Nasr Muhammad b. Asad, Shar Shah Abu Muhammad b. Muhammad, Shar Urdashir, Shar İbrahim b. Uraeshir and Shar Shah b. Abraham. The dynasty was exposed to the attacks of Abu Ali Simjuri, a rebel loyal to the Samanids, for a while. The Shar family, which regained its former status with the intervention of Sabuk Tagin, was attached to the Ghaznavids during the reign of Shar Abu Nasr in 389/999, the Gharjistan coins were printed in the name of Sultan Mahmud and a sermon was delivered in their mosques. After a while, Mahmud of Ghazni intended to go to India for Ghaza. He wanted the Shar family to be with him. However, Shar Shah, who was at the head of the dynasty, refrained from participating in the conquest movements of Mahmud of Ghazni by making various excuses. Ghaznavid Mahmud, who saw the Indian Ghaza as more important, continued the conquest movement that he had drawn. However, he left the reckoning with the Shar family for later. After a short while, Mahmud of Ghazni, who returned from the war, sent his amirs Amir Hâjib Altıntash and Arslan Jâzib against Garjistan with a strong army. Realizing that he could not fight against the Ghaznavid army, Shar Abu Nasr tried to dissuade his son Shar Shah from his rebellion, but he was unsuccessful. The Shar family, who was brought to Ghazni after the war, received the favors and favors of Mahmud of Ghazni, and their needs were met. Shar Abu Nasr, who was kept under the supervision of the Ghaznavids in Herat, died in 407/1016. From now on, Garjistan, who joined the lands of the Ghaznavids, came under the rule of the Seljuks and Hârizmşahlar in the following dates.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Garcistân, Şâr, Sâmânîler, Gazneliler, Şar Şah, Gharjistan, Shar, Samanids, Ghaznavids, Shar Shah
Kaynak
Selçuklu Araştırmaları Dergisi
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
15
Künye
Zeki, İ., (2021). Garcistan Beyleri: Şar Ailesi. Selçuklu Araştırmaları Dergisi, (15), 127-136. doi: 10.23897/usad.1067802
