Necip Fazıl'da Allah-âlem-insan münasebeti
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2010
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Varlık Necip Fazıl'ın Allah'ı, âlemi ve insanı açıklama ifadesidir. Ona göre her şeye varlık veren Allah'ın varlığını temellendirmek için deliller oluşturmaya çalışmak gereksizdir. Ancak onda temellendirme mahiyetinde düşünceler vardır. Necip Fazıl'a göre Allah her türlü idrakin ötesindeki Zat'tır. Bu onun tenzihle ilgili görüşüdür. Allah isim ve sıfatlarıyla bilmeye çalışılmalıdır bununla birlikte O'nu hakkıyla bilmek mümkün değildir. Allah'ın âlemle ilgilenmesi aşkınlığına halel getirmez. Varlık bakımından mümkün olan bu âleme her an varlık vermektedir. Bu durum insan tarafından sürekli bir varlık gibi algılanmaktadır. Necip Fazıl'ın vahdet-i vücudun anlaşılmasında önemle üstünde durduğu nokta budur. Vahdet-i vücud asla panteizmle karıştırılmamalıdır. Zira Allah'ın varlık vermesi âlemle aynı olması anlamına gelmez. Allah hakkında sahip olunan yanlış düşüncelerden biri de O'nu inkar etmektir. İnsanlık her halükarda Allah'ın var olduğunu anlayacaktır. İnsan ruh ve bedenin terkibinden oluşan insan nefs denilen yapıya sahiptir. İnsanın bu dünyada bulunma amacı özünde mevcud olan fıtratına dönmesidir. Varoluşçularla benzer kavramlara sahip olan Necip Fazıl'a göre insan dünyada nefsini ya da özünü şeçmekte özgürdür. Bu özgürlük, insanı kaygılandıracak, çileye sokacaktır. Bu durumda insan ya nefs yanını seçip yoklukta kalacak ya da özüne dönüp zamanı aşacak, ölmeden önce ölerek ölümsüzlüğe ulaşacaktır.
Presence is a kind of explanation statement for God, universe and human by Necip Fazıl. For him, it is unnecessary to establish evidences for the existence of God that creates everything. But there?re ideas for foundation in nature. For Necip Fazıl, God is essence beyond every kind of understanding. This is his idea for consideration one to be free of guilt. God has to be known for God?s names and adjectives; nonetheless, it is impossible to know God properly. Careness for universe of God does not bring harm to God?s sublimity. The possible thing in terms of presence is to always give presence to this universe. This situation is always perceived by human being as a presence. It is the exact point that Necip Fazıl emphasizes unity of body for understanding. Unity of body has to be never compared with pantheism. Because, it does not mean that God is as same as universe as God gives existence. One of the wrong ideas that is believed about God is to deny God. Human being will understand any case that God exists. Human being has a structure of human self combined with soul and body. The existence aim of human being in the world is to return his nature which is existed in his gist. To Necip Fazıl, who has similar concepts with existentialists, human being is free of choosing his self and his gist in the world. This freedom will concern human being and makes them suffer from it. In this situation, human being either choose his self and makes him reduce in beggary or return his own nature and will extend the time and reach immortality by dying before death.
Presence is a kind of explanation statement for God, universe and human by Necip Fazıl. For him, it is unnecessary to establish evidences for the existence of God that creates everything. But there?re ideas for foundation in nature. For Necip Fazıl, God is essence beyond every kind of understanding. This is his idea for consideration one to be free of guilt. God has to be known for God?s names and adjectives; nonetheless, it is impossible to know God properly. Careness for universe of God does not bring harm to God?s sublimity. The possible thing in terms of presence is to always give presence to this universe. This situation is always perceived by human being as a presence. It is the exact point that Necip Fazıl emphasizes unity of body for understanding. Unity of body has to be never compared with pantheism. Because, it does not mean that God is as same as universe as God gives existence. One of the wrong ideas that is believed about God is to deny God. Human being will understand any case that God exists. Human being has a structure of human self combined with soul and body. The existence aim of human being in the world is to return his nature which is existed in his gist. To Necip Fazıl, who has similar concepts with existentialists, human being is free of choosing his self and his gist in the world. This freedom will concern human being and makes them suffer from it. In this situation, human being either choose his self and makes him reduce in beggary or return his own nature and will extend the time and reach immortality by dying before death.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Tanrı, God, Tanrı anlayışı, God understanding, Varlık, Asset, İnsan, Human
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Mahim, F. (2010). Necip Fazıl'da Allah-âlem-insan münasebeti. Selçuk Üniversitesi, Yayımlanmış yüksek lisans tezi, Konya.
