Türkiye'de farklı lokasyonlardan toplanan kapari tohumlarının yağ kalitesi ve yemeklik yağ olarak kullanılabilirliğinin araştırılması
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2012-10-03
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Selçuk Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu araştırma da, Türkiye‟de farklı lokasyonlardan 2009 ve 2010 yıllarında toplanan kapari
meyvesinden elde edilen tohumlardan, 6 farklı numune grubu (C. spinosa var. spinosa, C. spinosa var.
aegyptia, C. spinosa var. inermis, C. spinosa var. herbaceae, C. ovata var. canescens, C. ovata var.
palaestina) belirlenmiş ve bu çeşitlere ait tohumlardan elde edilen tohum yağlarının ayrı ayrı fiziksel ve
kimyasal analizleri yapılarak, kapari tohumlarının yağ kalitesi ve yemeklik yağ olarak kullanılabilirliği
araştırılmıştır.
Kapari tohumları üzerinde yapılan fiziksel ve kimyasal analizlerde C. spinosa ve C. ovata
türlerinde sırasıyla; ham yağ (% 27.74 – 32.54), selüloz (% 28.14 – 29.67), kül (% 2.13 – 2.23), radikal
aktivite (% 83.48 – 83.71), toplam fenolik madde içeriği (1.76 mg/kg - 1,98 mg/kg) ve toplam mineral
madde miktarı (19514.60 ppm – 16995.92 ppm) , tohumlardan elde edilen ham yağlarda ise sırasıyla
ortalama; yağ asitleri kompozisyonu (doymuş yağ asitleri % 15.05 – 9.45, doymamış yağ asitleri % 82 -
91), palmitik asit (% 10.01 - 5.66), oleik asit (% 44.75 – 39.20), linoleik asit (% 35.16 – 48.51), linolenik
asit (% 0.45 – 0.60), özgül ağırlık (0.929 – 0.934), kırılma indisi (20°C) (1.463 – 1.466), viskozite
(20°C) (44.450 mPa -37.545 mPa), erime noktası (-15.8 °C, -17.2 °C), sabunlaşmayan madde sayısı (%
2.21 – 2.50), sabunlaşma sayısı (193.31 mg/g - 192.13 mg/g), radikal aktivite (% 29.78 – 26.09), α –
tokoferol içeriği (3.87 – 2.63 mg/100gr ), toplam fenolik madde içeriği (1.102 mg/g – 0.642 mg/g), sterol
kompozisyonu (3220 mg/kg - 3298 mg/kg), mumsu madde miktarı (211 ppm - 231 ppm) ve mineral
madde miktarı (1969.56 ppm -2170.17 ppm) ortalama değerleri tespit edilmiştir.
Sonuç olarak; Türkiye‟de geniş bir alanda bol miktarda tespit edilen, C. spinosa ve C. ovata
türlerine ait kapari tohum yağlarının yağ asidi kompozisyonu, sterol kompozisyonu, mineral madde
kompozisyonu ve diğer özellikleri, diğer yemeklik yağlar ile benzerlik göstermektedir. Bu nedenle, kapari
tohum yağlarının yeni bir yemeklik yağ kaynağı olarak kullanılması önerilmektedir.
In this study, the seeds obtained from fruit of the caper plant were analyzed by collecting them from different locations in Turkey between 2009 and 2010 years, and from six different locations to generate 6 sample groups ( C. spinosa var. spinosa, C. spinosa var. aegyptia, C. spinosa var. inermis, C. spinosa var. herbaceae, C. ovata var. canescens, C. ovata var. palaestina). First, seed oils were obtained and next these oils were analyzed both by physical and chemical methods, and the results were used to evaluate oil quality and possible utilization as edible oils. The following chemical and physical properties were obtained for the caper seeds: crude oil (27.74, 32.54 %), cellulose (28.14, 29.67 %), ash (2.13, 2.23 %), radically activity (83.48, 83.71 %), the total phenolic content (1.98, 1.76 mg/kg) and mineral composition (19514.60, 16995.92 ppm), as crude oils obtained from seeds, respectively, average; fatty acid composition (saturated fatty acids 15.05, 945 %, unsaturated fatty acids 91, 82 %), palmitic acid (10.01, 5.66 %), oleic acid (44.75, 39.20 %), linoleic acid (35.16, 48.51 %), linolenic acid (0.45, 0.60 %) specific gravity (0.929 - 0.934), refractive index (20°C) (1.463, 1.466), viscosity (22°C) (44.450, 37.545 mPa), melting point (-15.8, -17.2°C), unsaponifiable matter number (2.21, 2.50 %), saponification number (193.31, 192.13 mg/g), radically activity (29.78, 26.09 %), α-tocopherol content (3.87, 2.63 mg/100g), the total phenolic matter content (1.102, 0.642 mg/g), sterol content (3220, 3298 mg/kg), wax value (211, 231 ppm) and mineral matter amount (1969.56, 2170. 17 ppm). Based on the results, C. spinosa and C. ovata seeds were found to be abundant in many locations in Turkey and their seed oils were determined to have properties similar to those of other vegetable oils, regarding to their fatty acid composition, sterol composition, mineral matter composition and other characteristics. Therefore, caper seed oils are recommended for use as a novel vegetable oil source.
In this study, the seeds obtained from fruit of the caper plant were analyzed by collecting them from different locations in Turkey between 2009 and 2010 years, and from six different locations to generate 6 sample groups ( C. spinosa var. spinosa, C. spinosa var. aegyptia, C. spinosa var. inermis, C. spinosa var. herbaceae, C. ovata var. canescens, C. ovata var. palaestina). First, seed oils were obtained and next these oils were analyzed both by physical and chemical methods, and the results were used to evaluate oil quality and possible utilization as edible oils. The following chemical and physical properties were obtained for the caper seeds: crude oil (27.74, 32.54 %), cellulose (28.14, 29.67 %), ash (2.13, 2.23 %), radically activity (83.48, 83.71 %), the total phenolic content (1.98, 1.76 mg/kg) and mineral composition (19514.60, 16995.92 ppm), as crude oils obtained from seeds, respectively, average; fatty acid composition (saturated fatty acids 15.05, 945 %, unsaturated fatty acids 91, 82 %), palmitic acid (10.01, 5.66 %), oleic acid (44.75, 39.20 %), linoleic acid (35.16, 48.51 %), linolenic acid (0.45, 0.60 %) specific gravity (0.929 - 0.934), refractive index (20°C) (1.463, 1.466), viscosity (22°C) (44.450, 37.545 mPa), melting point (-15.8, -17.2°C), unsaponifiable matter number (2.21, 2.50 %), saponification number (193.31, 192.13 mg/g), radically activity (29.78, 26.09 %), α-tocopherol content (3.87, 2.63 mg/100g), the total phenolic matter content (1.102, 0.642 mg/g), sterol content (3220, 3298 mg/kg), wax value (211, 231 ppm) and mineral matter amount (1969.56, 2170. 17 ppm). Based on the results, C. spinosa and C. ovata seeds were found to be abundant in many locations in Turkey and their seed oils were determined to have properties similar to those of other vegetable oils, regarding to their fatty acid composition, sterol composition, mineral matter composition and other characteristics. Therefore, caper seed oils are recommended for use as a novel vegetable oil source.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kapari, Mineral madde, Sterol, Tohum, Tokoferol, Toplam fenolik madde, Radikal aktivite, Yağ, Yağ asitleri, Caper, Fatty acids, Mineral matter, Oil, Radically activity, Seed, Tocopherol, Total phenolic matter
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Duman, E. (2012). Türkiye'de farklı lokasyonlardan toplanan kapari tohumlarının yağ kalitesi ve yemeklik yağ olarak kullanılabilirliğinin araştırılması. Selçuk Üniversitesi, Yayımlanmış doktora tezi, Konya.
