Türk Hava Kuvvetlerinde Reformcu Bir Alman Subay Erich Serno (1915-1918)
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Tarih
2022
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Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
1’nci Dünya Savaşı’na Almanya’nın yanında katılan Osmanlı Devleti Türk
Hava Kuvvetlerinin geliştirilmesi, tayyare bölüklerinin oluşturulması amacıyla
Almanya’dan havacı bir subay talep etmiştir. Alman Genelkurmaylığı tarafından bu
görev için Pilot Üsteğmen Erich Serno uygun görülmüştür. Ütğm. Serno 1915 yılı
ocak ayında Tayyare Mektebinde faaliyetlerine başlamıştır. 1906 yılında Alman
ordusuna katılan ve 1911’de teğmen rütbesine yükselen Erich Serno, karacı bir subay
iken pilotaj sınavlarını geçmiş ve pilot olmuştur. 1914 yılında üsteğmen rütbesinde
Türk Hava Kuvvetlerine görevlendirilen Serno, Padişah iradesiyle yüzbaşı rütbesine
terfi etmiştir. Tayyare Mektebinin geliştirilmesi, pilot ve rasıt (gözlemci) kursunun
açılması, pervane fabrikası ve askerî maksatlı meteoroloji istasyonların kurulması
gibi çalışmaları gerçekleştiren Serno, 1’nci Dünya Savaşı boyunca Almanya’dan
Türk Hava Kuvvetleri için uçak tedarikinde bulunmuştur. Çanakkale Cephesi’nde
kritik uçuşlar gerçekleştirmiş, cephelerde idari ve lojistik çalışmalar icra etmiştir.
Serno Türk Hava Kuvvetleri Komutanı mevkiine kadar yükselmiştir. 1’nci Dünya
Savaşı’nın İttifak Kuvvetlerinin yenilgisiyle sonuçlanmasıyla Osmanlı Devleti 30
Ekim 1918’de Mondros Mütarekesi imzalamış ve Erich Serno mütarekenin Osmanlı
Ordusunda görev yapan Alman subaylar hakkındaki madde uyarınca, 5 Kasım
1918’de ülkesi Almanya’ya dönmüştür. Erich Serno 1920 yılında Alman
Ordusundan emekli olmuş ve bundan sonraki hayatında sivil havacılıkla ilgilenmiş,
uçak fabrikası kurmuştur. 2’nci Dünya Savaşı’nda Nazi subaylarının şirketine el
koymasıyla firmasını bırakmak zorunda kalmış ve metal üretimi yapan başka bir
fabrika kurmuştur. Ancak savaşın sonuna doğru Sovyet birliklerinin Alman
topraklarını işgal etmesiyle eşi Bayan Marie Elisabeth Lehmann ile birlikte tüm
işlerini bırakarak Aşağı Saksonya Eyaleti’ne bağlı Wolfenbüttel şehrinin Oelberg am
Weißes Weg kasabasına taşınmış ve kalan hayatını burada geçirmiştir. Erich Serno
23 Ekim 1963’te bu kasabada hayatını kaybetmiştir.
Ottoman State joined to First World War with Germany and then demanded an aviation officer so as to improve Turkish Air Forces and set up aircraft companies in the fronts. Liteunant Pilot Erich Serno was found appropriate for the mission by German General Staff. Serno who had joined to German Army in 1906 and rised to Liteunant in 1911, became a pilot by passing pilotage tests in 1912. He was assigned to Turkish Air Force in 1914 and started to work in Yeşilköy Aircraft School in January 1915, in the rank of captain. He worked on development of the school, founded pilot and observer class and aircraft propeller factory. He provided aircrafts from Germany for Turkish Air Forces during The First World War. He did critical flights in Çanakkale Front and carried out executive and logistic tasks in the fronts. He was promoted to position of Turkish Air Forces Commandership. In 1918, as a result of defeat, Ottoman State was commited to sign Mondros Armistice with Allied States. Erich Serno returned to Germany according to the Armistice clauses regards to German officers who was already serving in Ottoman Army. Erich Serno retired from German Army in 1920 and after that he got interested in civil aviation and founded an aircraft factory. In Second World War, he was obliged to leave his company since Nazi officers confiscated it. He founded another factory which would produce metal. Nonetheless, towards to the end of the war, Soviet troops occupied Germany lands. Serno, leaving all his works, moved to Oelberg am Weißes Weg district of Wolfenbüttel City in the State of Lower Saxony with his wife Mrs. Marie Elisabeth Lehmann. He lived there until he died in 23 October 1963.
Ottoman State joined to First World War with Germany and then demanded an aviation officer so as to improve Turkish Air Forces and set up aircraft companies in the fronts. Liteunant Pilot Erich Serno was found appropriate for the mission by German General Staff. Serno who had joined to German Army in 1906 and rised to Liteunant in 1911, became a pilot by passing pilotage tests in 1912. He was assigned to Turkish Air Force in 1914 and started to work in Yeşilköy Aircraft School in January 1915, in the rank of captain. He worked on development of the school, founded pilot and observer class and aircraft propeller factory. He provided aircrafts from Germany for Turkish Air Forces during The First World War. He did critical flights in Çanakkale Front and carried out executive and logistic tasks in the fronts. He was promoted to position of Turkish Air Forces Commandership. In 1918, as a result of defeat, Ottoman State was commited to sign Mondros Armistice with Allied States. Erich Serno returned to Germany according to the Armistice clauses regards to German officers who was already serving in Ottoman Army. Erich Serno retired from German Army in 1920 and after that he got interested in civil aviation and founded an aircraft factory. In Second World War, he was obliged to leave his company since Nazi officers confiscated it. He founded another factory which would produce metal. Nonetheless, towards to the end of the war, Soviet troops occupied Germany lands. Serno, leaving all his works, moved to Oelberg am Weißes Weg district of Wolfenbüttel City in the State of Lower Saxony with his wife Mrs. Marie Elisabeth Lehmann. He lived there until he died in 23 October 1963.
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Türkoğlu, Ö., (2022). Türk Hava Kuvvetlerinde Reformcu Bir Alman Subay Erich Serno (1915-1918). (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Selçuk Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Konya.
