Bulgaristan Şumnu'daki Medresetü'n-Nüvvab'ın İslâm din eğitimi tarihindeki yeri
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2011-05-24
Yazarlar
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Yayıncı
Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bulgaristan Müslümanlarının eğitim tarihi içinde, Şumnu'daki Nüvvab okulu önemli bir yer tutar. Krallık döneminde Bulgaristan Müslüman azınlığının en yüksek eğitim öğretim kurumu olan bu okul bir ihtiyaçtan doğmuştur. Nüvvab Okulu müftü vekilleri, naibler yetiştiren bir okul anlamına gelir. 1908 yılında Bulgaristan bağımsızlığını ilân edince, Bulgaristan'daki Müslüman-Türk halkının ilmî, dinî ve kültürel ihtiyaçlarını karşılamak için birçok ilim ve din adamına ihtiyaç vardı. Halkın ihtiyacı olan gerekli kadroları yetiştirmek için bir ilmî ve dinî kuruluşa ihtiyaç duyuldu. İşte bu ihtiyaçları karşılamak üzere, 1922 yılında Deliorman'ın merkezi sayılan Şumnu şehrinde ?Nüvvab? adında bir okul açıldı. Nüvvâb Okulu esasen dinî bir mahiyet taşımakla beraber, hiçbir zaman eski manada bir medrese olarak kabul edilemez. Nüvvab bu özelliği ile müstesna bir ilim ve irfan ocağıdır. Onun tek kusuru, programının çeşitli dersleri içine alması ve haddinden fazla yüklü olmasıdır. Ama bu da bir zaruretti çünkü halka öğretmen, imam-hatip ve müftü lâzımdı ve pedagoji okulu ve din okulu yoktu. İhtiyaçlar çok çeşitliydi ve programının da donanımlı olması çok tabiiydi. Kadı vekili ve müftü yetiştirmek maksadıyla açılan Medresetü'n-Nüvvab, Tâli ve Âli olmak üzere iki bölümden müteşekkildi. Tâlî kısmı lise, Âli kısmı ise yüksek okul seviyesinde idi. Esasen, Nüvvab'ın programı geniş konuları kapsayıcı olarak hazırlanmış, Türk Tarihi ve Türk Edebiyatı Tarihi gibi konuları da ihtiva etmiş olmasına rağmen, Nüvvab Okulu'nu sadece din okulu diye yanlış tanımlayanlar da olmuştur. Bu medresede Arapça, Türkçe, Fen dersleri ve dinî eğitim yapılıyordu. Nüvvab Okulu, Bulgaristan Müslümanlarının eğitim hayatında çok mühim ve müspet bir rol oynamış ve yıllarca ilmî ve dinî ihtiyaçlarını karşılamıştır.
The Nüvvab School (Madrasa al-Nuwwab) in Şumnu (Shumen) has a special place in the education history of Bulgarian Muslims. The Madrasa, as the highest education institution for Bulgarian Muslim minorities during the Bulgarian Kingdom, was mainly result of the education necessity. Madrasa al-Nuwwab was a school that raises deputy-muftis and regents. Immediate after Bulgaria declared its independence in 1908; the Muslim-Turkish population in Bulgaria needed too many scholars and clerics in order to meet their scientific, religious and cultural needs. There was a requirement for scientific and religious foundations in effort to raise necessary staffs that people needed. To be able to meet these requirements, a school, which is called Nüvvab, was opened in 1922 at the centre of Deliorman in the city of Shumen. Despite its religious characteristics, in fact, the Nüvvab School is never acknowledged as a traditional Madrasa. By that feature, the School was an exceptional centre of science and wisdom centre. The only imperfection that the School had was its program had various courses and extremely heavy schedule. But there was no other option, because there were not pedagogy schools and religious schools and the people needed teachers, imams and muftis. The needs were various and the program naturally should be more diversified. It was opened for the purpose of raising naib (regent) qadi (judge) and mufti. It had two departments: Âli and Tâli. The Tâli section was high scholl and Âli section was higher education. In fact, despite the Nüvvab School?s curriculum had various courses, including Turkish History, History of Turkish Literature; the Madrasa was occasionally defined ?religion school? by some people. In this Madrasa, there were Arabic, Turkish, Persian language courses and religious education has been thought for the regents. The School has been played a central/affirmative and prominent role on the Bulgarian Muslim minorities? education life and has responded their scientific and religious needs through the years.
The Nüvvab School (Madrasa al-Nuwwab) in Şumnu (Shumen) has a special place in the education history of Bulgarian Muslims. The Madrasa, as the highest education institution for Bulgarian Muslim minorities during the Bulgarian Kingdom, was mainly result of the education necessity. Madrasa al-Nuwwab was a school that raises deputy-muftis and regents. Immediate after Bulgaria declared its independence in 1908; the Muslim-Turkish population in Bulgaria needed too many scholars and clerics in order to meet their scientific, religious and cultural needs. There was a requirement for scientific and religious foundations in effort to raise necessary staffs that people needed. To be able to meet these requirements, a school, which is called Nüvvab, was opened in 1922 at the centre of Deliorman in the city of Shumen. Despite its religious characteristics, in fact, the Nüvvab School is never acknowledged as a traditional Madrasa. By that feature, the School was an exceptional centre of science and wisdom centre. The only imperfection that the School had was its program had various courses and extremely heavy schedule. But there was no other option, because there were not pedagogy schools and religious schools and the people needed teachers, imams and muftis. The needs were various and the program naturally should be more diversified. It was opened for the purpose of raising naib (regent) qadi (judge) and mufti. It had two departments: Âli and Tâli. The Tâli section was high scholl and Âli section was higher education. In fact, despite the Nüvvab School?s curriculum had various courses, including Turkish History, History of Turkish Literature; the Madrasa was occasionally defined ?religion school? by some people. In this Madrasa, there were Arabic, Turkish, Persian language courses and religious education has been thought for the regents. The School has been played a central/affirmative and prominent role on the Bulgarian Muslim minorities? education life and has responded their scientific and religious needs through the years.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Bulgaristan, Bulgaria, Şumnu, Medresetü'n-Nüvvab, Din eğitimi, Religious education
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Mehmedov, A. (2011). Bulgaristan Şumnu'daki Medresetü'n-Nüvvab'ın İslâm din eğitimi tarihindeki yeri. Selçuk Üniversitesi, Yayımlanmış yüksek lisans tezi, Konya.
