III. Alaeddin Keykubad ve Türkiye Selçuklu Devleti'nin sonu
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Tarih
2020
Yazarlar
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Yayıncı
Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Türkiye Selçuklu Sultanı II. İzzeddin Keykavus, Moğol desteğini alan kardeşi IV. Kılıç Arslan'a karşı savaşı kaybetti ve önce Bizans'a sonra Altınordu'ya sığındı. 1280'de Kırım'da vefat etti. II. İzzeddin Keykavus'un oğlu ve III. Alaeddin Keykubad'ın babası Feramurz 1280'den sonra Kırım'dan Anadolu'ya gelerek Karamanoğullarına dayanıp taht mücadelesine girişti. Başarısız olunca önce Kilikya Ermeni Krallığına ardından da Bizans'a sığındı (1281). III. Alaeddin Keykubad muhtemelen 1282'de İstanbul'da doğdu. Bir süre babasıyla birlikte Bizans'ta yaşadı. Anadolu'ya ne zaman geçtiği bilinmese de 1296 yılında Tokat'ta arpalık sahibi idi. Baltu Noyan'ın isyanı sonrasında II. Gıyaseddin Mesud tahtan indirilip Hemedan'a sürgün edildiğinde Selçuklu tahtı iki yıl boş kaldı (1296-1298). İlhanlı veziri Reşidüddin Fazlullah'ın tavsiyesi ile Gazan Han, Selçuklu tahtına III. Alaeddin Keykubad'ı atandı. 16 yaşında III. Alaeddin Keykubad Konya'da Selçuklu tahtına oturdu (20 Ekim 1298). Tahta çıkışının beşinci ayında Sülemiş Noyan isyan etti. Sülemiş Noyan'ın isyanına destek vermeyen III. Alaeddin Keykubad, Gazan Han'dan ikinci kez onay alıp tahtını korudu. Bir İlhanlı prensesiyle evlenerek İlhanlılara damat oldu (Nisan 1300). Ancak gençliğinin ve tecrübesizliğinin verdiği bir duyguyla aşırı hırsa kapıldı ve kendi halkına zulmetti. III. Alaeddin Keykubad'ın zulmünden bunalanlar onu Gazan Han'a şikâyet etti. Tebriz'de yargılandı, tahtan indirildi ve ölüm cezası aldı (1302). İlhanlı eşi sayesinde affedildi ise de sopa cezası uygulandı ve Isfahan'a sürgüne gönderildi. Çıkan bir tartışmada bir hizmetlisi tarafından öldürüldü ve Isfahan'da Sultan Melikşah'ın türbesine defnedildi. İkinci kez II. Gıyaseddin Mesud tahta geçti. Türkiye Selçuklu Devleti bazı askeri, siyasi, sosyo-ekonomik ve kültürel sebeplerin sonucunda yıkılış döneminde idi. II. Gıyaseddin Mesud'un 1308'de ölümü ile Türkiye Selçuklu Devleti son buldu.
Turkey Seljuk Sultan II. Izzeddin Keykavus lost the war against his brother IV. Kılıç Arslan, who received Mongolian support, and took refuge in Byzantium and then Altınordu. He died in Crimea in 1280. Son of II. Izzeddin Keykavus and III. Alaeddin Keykubad's father, Feramurz, came to Anatolia from Crimea after 1280, and attempted to struggle for the throne, by relying on Karamanoğulları. When he became unsuccessful, he took refuge in the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia and then that of Byzantine (1281). III. Alaeddin Keykubad was probably born in Istanbul in 1282. He lived with his father in Byzantium for a while. Although it was not clear when he moved to Anatolia, he was the barley owner in 1296 in Tokat. When II. Gıyaseddin Mesud was thrown and exiled to Hemedan after the rebellion of Baltu Noyan, the Seljuk throne remained unoccupied for two years (1296-1298). With the recommendation of İlhanlı vizier Reşidüddin Fazlullah, Gazan Han appointed III. Alaeddin Keykubad to the throne of Seljuk. As at the age of 16, III. Alaeddin Keykubad came to the Seljuk throne in Konya (20 October 1298). Sülemiş Noyan rebelled in the fifth month of his ascent to the throne. Not supporting the rebellion of Sülemiş Noyan. III. Alaeddin Keykubad kept his throne, receiving the approval from Gazan Han for the second time. He became a groom to İlhans by marrying a princess coming from İlhans (April 1300). However, with a feeling of youth and inexperience, he was overly greedy and tyrannized his own people. Those who were overwhelmed by the torture of III. Alaeddin Keykubad complained to Gazan Han about him. He was put into trial in Tabriz, dethroned and sentenced to death (1302). Although he was forgiven thanks to his wife from İlhanlı, he was exposed to beating punishment. He was exiled to Isfahan. He was killed by a servant in a row and was buried into the tomb of Sultan Melikşah in Isfahan (21 years old). II. Gıyaseddin Mesud came to the throne for he second time. Turkey Seljuk State was experiencing some military, political, socio-economic and cultural reasons as a result of the period of collapse. The Seljuk State ended with the death of II. Gıyaseddin Mesud in 1308.
Turkey Seljuk Sultan II. Izzeddin Keykavus lost the war against his brother IV. Kılıç Arslan, who received Mongolian support, and took refuge in Byzantium and then Altınordu. He died in Crimea in 1280. Son of II. Izzeddin Keykavus and III. Alaeddin Keykubad's father, Feramurz, came to Anatolia from Crimea after 1280, and attempted to struggle for the throne, by relying on Karamanoğulları. When he became unsuccessful, he took refuge in the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia and then that of Byzantine (1281). III. Alaeddin Keykubad was probably born in Istanbul in 1282. He lived with his father in Byzantium for a while. Although it was not clear when he moved to Anatolia, he was the barley owner in 1296 in Tokat. When II. Gıyaseddin Mesud was thrown and exiled to Hemedan after the rebellion of Baltu Noyan, the Seljuk throne remained unoccupied for two years (1296-1298). With the recommendation of İlhanlı vizier Reşidüddin Fazlullah, Gazan Han appointed III. Alaeddin Keykubad to the throne of Seljuk. As at the age of 16, III. Alaeddin Keykubad came to the Seljuk throne in Konya (20 October 1298). Sülemiş Noyan rebelled in the fifth month of his ascent to the throne. Not supporting the rebellion of Sülemiş Noyan. III. Alaeddin Keykubad kept his throne, receiving the approval from Gazan Han for the second time. He became a groom to İlhans by marrying a princess coming from İlhans (April 1300). However, with a feeling of youth and inexperience, he was overly greedy and tyrannized his own people. Those who were overwhelmed by the torture of III. Alaeddin Keykubad complained to Gazan Han about him. He was put into trial in Tabriz, dethroned and sentenced to death (1302). Although he was forgiven thanks to his wife from İlhanlı, he was exposed to beating punishment. He was exiled to Isfahan. He was killed by a servant in a row and was buried into the tomb of Sultan Melikşah in Isfahan (21 years old). II. Gıyaseddin Mesud came to the throne for he second time. Turkey Seljuk State was experiencing some military, political, socio-economic and cultural reasons as a result of the period of collapse. The Seljuk State ended with the death of II. Gıyaseddin Mesud in 1308.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
III. Alaeddin Keykubad, Feramurz
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Scopus Q Değeri
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Künye
Erdeğer, M. G. (2020). III. Alaeddin Keykubad ve Türkiye Selçuklu Devleti'nin Sonu. (Doktora Tezi). Selçuk Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Konya.
