Batıdaki gelenekselci ekolün kelami konulara yaklaşımı- René Guénon ve Frithjof Schuon örneği
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2009-10-09
Yazarlar
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Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Sanayi devrimi sonrasında Batı insanının içine düştüğü keşmekeş onun dine yönelik zayıf halde bulunan temayüllerini daha da uzak kılmış ve profan alan dini alanı ihata etmiştir. İnsanlığa asırlarca ışık tutan dini geleneklerin özünde mukim olan ezelî hikmet Batı insanını girdiği darboğazdan çıkarma imkânına sahip yegâne reçetedir. Batı insanıyla alakalı yapılan bu tespitler elbette bir genelleme olup zikredilen ezelî hikmete vasıl olmaya matuf hararetli gayretler göze çarpmaktadır. Dinin handiyse arka plana itildiği bu kesif devrede Gelenekselci (Traditionalist) ismiyle maruf bir oluşum tarih sahnesine çıkar. Gelenekselci ifadesi elbette yeni bir kavram değildir. Ancak Gelenekselci Ekol tarafından sistemleştirilmiş ve ilkeleri daha uygulanır bir hale gelmiştir. Bu ekolün büyük temsilcileri bir Fransız mütefekkir ve mutasavvıf olan Rene Guénon, Hint Metafiziğinin büyük bir temsilcisi olan Ananda Kentish Coomaraswamy, İsviçre ve Alman asıllı bir ressam, şair, mütefekkir ve mutasavvıf olan Frithjof Schuon'dur. Gelenekselci ekolün mensupları elbette ismi geçen mütefekkirlerle sınırlı değildir. Yakınlarda vefat eden bir İngiliz edip, mütefekkir ve mutasavvıf olan Martin Lings, Huston Smith ve ekolün şu an hayatta olup en fazla ürün ortaya koyan İran asıllı mütefekkir Seyyid Hüseyin Nasr Gelenekselci Ekolün en tesirli sözcüleri arasındadır. Gelenekselci Ekol dinlerin özünde mukim olan ve suretler değişse de kendisi değişmeyen Ezelî Hikmetin (Perennial Wisdom) insanı asli haline (primordial state) döndüreceği ve modernizmin ona yüklemiş olduğu tüm nakıslık ve şerleri de defedeceği fikrinden hareketle dinlerin özünde bulunan bu asli hakikati araştırmaktadır. Gelenekselci Ekol mensupları arasında her gelenekten düşünürler var olsa da baskın olan görüş İslam dini çerçevesinde olup Kelami (theological), Metafiziki (Metaphysical) ve Tasavvufi (Islamic esoterism) görüşler bize bu ekole mensup olan mütefekkirlerin yüzeysel bir yaklaşımdan ziyade özlü ve derinliğine çıkarımlarda bulunduklarını göstermektedir. Ekolün başat iki sözcüsü olan Réne Guénon ve Frithjof Schuon Gelenekselci Ekolü hakkıyla temsile yetkin iki mütefekkir olup derin dilsel, metafiziki, kelami, felsefi ve sanatsal kabiliyetlerini bu görüşleri anlaşılır kılmada azami gayret göstermişlerdir. Bu iki büyük şahsiyetin kaleme almış oldukları kitap ve makaleler ekolün sadece devirsel bir oluşum olmaktan çok ciddi bir disipline dönüşmesine imkân vermiştir. Bu çalışma Gelenekselci Ekolle alakalı olarak bilinenlerin yanında onların İslam Kelamına dair ortaya koymuş oldukları düşünceleri de eklemeyi hedefleyen bir çalışma olmuştur.
Beginning with The Industrial Revolution, the confusion in which the Western man fell let him leave the the tendencies those have already been weak even before that era and profane plane invaded that of the religion. The Perennial Wisdom which resides in the very substance of various traditions that illuminated humanity for ages is the only remedy to save the Western man from the dig he fell in. These considerations made about the Westrn an in fact are generalisations. Since, there are many efficiaus efforts executed to reach the Perennial Wisdom. In this period in which the religion is almost forced to remain at the background, an intellectual group of wise men appear in the scene of history called The Traditionalists. The expression Traditionalist is of surely not a new concept. However, it was systematized and its principles became more concrete to be applied by their followers. Among the great spokesmen of this school are a French philosopher, contemplative and sufi Réne Guénon, a great representative of Indian Metaphysics Ananda Kentish Coomaraswamy, a Swiss and German artist, poet, comtemplative and sufi Frithjof Schuon. The followers of this school are of course not limited with the aforementioned figures. An english contemplative and sufi Martin Lings, Huston Smith and Persian sage Seyyid Hussein Nasr who produced intellectual products more than the other members of this school are the most effective representatives of Traditionalist School. Traditionalist School believes that only Perennial Wisdom, which resides within the substance of each religion and which never changes despite the changes of the forms, would transform man into his primordial state and purify him from all contingencies and evil deeds. From the starting point of this purification, the try to search the primordial truth living in the very core of religions. Despite the fact that there are members from all traditions, the dominant views are within Islamic framework. The theological, metaphysical and sufi thoughts indicate that the followers of this school make quintessential and deep intellectual deduction rather than superficial approaches. The two pioneer spokesmen of the school, Réne Guénon and Frithjof Schuon are two authoritive contemplators who represent the Traditionalist School and exerted their utmost efforts and made use of their theological, philosophical and intellectual abilities to make these very thoughts more comprehensible and clear for the minds of people in West and East. The books and articles belonging to these two intellectual wise figures enabled the Traditionalist Shool to become a serious discipline rather than a group belongs only to a limited period. This dissertation aimed to add additional information about the theological views belonging to the members of Traditionalist School to the understanding already known concerning this school.
Beginning with The Industrial Revolution, the confusion in which the Western man fell let him leave the the tendencies those have already been weak even before that era and profane plane invaded that of the religion. The Perennial Wisdom which resides in the very substance of various traditions that illuminated humanity for ages is the only remedy to save the Western man from the dig he fell in. These considerations made about the Westrn an in fact are generalisations. Since, there are many efficiaus efforts executed to reach the Perennial Wisdom. In this period in which the religion is almost forced to remain at the background, an intellectual group of wise men appear in the scene of history called The Traditionalists. The expression Traditionalist is of surely not a new concept. However, it was systematized and its principles became more concrete to be applied by their followers. Among the great spokesmen of this school are a French philosopher, contemplative and sufi Réne Guénon, a great representative of Indian Metaphysics Ananda Kentish Coomaraswamy, a Swiss and German artist, poet, comtemplative and sufi Frithjof Schuon. The followers of this school are of course not limited with the aforementioned figures. An english contemplative and sufi Martin Lings, Huston Smith and Persian sage Seyyid Hussein Nasr who produced intellectual products more than the other members of this school are the most effective representatives of Traditionalist School. Traditionalist School believes that only Perennial Wisdom, which resides within the substance of each religion and which never changes despite the changes of the forms, would transform man into his primordial state and purify him from all contingencies and evil deeds. From the starting point of this purification, the try to search the primordial truth living in the very core of religions. Despite the fact that there are members from all traditions, the dominant views are within Islamic framework. The theological, metaphysical and sufi thoughts indicate that the followers of this school make quintessential and deep intellectual deduction rather than superficial approaches. The two pioneer spokesmen of the school, Réne Guénon and Frithjof Schuon are two authoritive contemplators who represent the Traditionalist School and exerted their utmost efforts and made use of their theological, philosophical and intellectual abilities to make these very thoughts more comprehensible and clear for the minds of people in West and East. The books and articles belonging to these two intellectual wise figures enabled the Traditionalist Shool to become a serious discipline rather than a group belongs only to a limited period. This dissertation aimed to add additional information about the theological views belonging to the members of Traditionalist School to the understanding already known concerning this school.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Rene Guenon, Frithjof Schuon, Kelam
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Koltaş, N. (2009). Batıdaki gelenekselci ekolün kelami konulara yaklaşımı- René Guénon ve Frithjof Schuon örneği. Selçuk Üniversitesi, Yayımlanmış doktora tezi, Konya.
