Afganistan'da 2001 sonrası yeni devlet düzeni ve idari reformlar
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Tarih
2019
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu tezin temel amacı, Afganistan'ın demokratikleşme süreci ve 2001 sonrası yapılan reformların yansımalarını incelemektir. Afganistan'ın Orta Asya'da stratejik bir konuma sahip olmasından dolayı, ülkenin kuruluşundan bu yana defalarca İngilizler ve Ruslar gibi dönemin egemen ülkeleri tarafından müdahale ve işgallere maruz kalmıştır. Bu müdahaleler Afganistan'ın kurumsal anlamda tam ve işleyen bir devlete sahip olmasını engellemiştir.11 Eylül terör saldırısının ardından ve ABD Afganistan'a askeri müdahalede bulunmuş ve ülke Taliban rejimine son vermiştir. 2001'de Taliban rejimi sona erdikten sonra Afganistan'da kurulacak olan yeni sistem ile ilgili başta ABD olmak üzere bazı ülkelerin katılımıyla pek çok uluslararası toplantılar yapılmıştır. 2001 sonrası yapılan toplantılar neticesinde yaklaşık 40 yıl iç çatışmalar ve dış müdahalenin ardından ülkede uluslararası toplumun desteğiyle yeni bir devlet düzenini temel unsurlarını kurmaya çalışmışlardır. İlk olarak geçici bir hükümet kurulmuştur, ardından anayasa düzenlenip yürürlülüğe girmiştir, ülke tarihinde ilk kez Cumhurbaşkanlığı seçimi yapılmış, yıllar sonra milli meclis seçimi yapılmıştır. Bunlarla beraber ülkede insan hakları, kadın hakları, siyasi partiler gündeme gelmiştir. Böylelikle uzun zamandan sonra ülkede kısmende olsa demokratikleşme başlamıştır. Ayrıca güvenlik, sağlık, eğitim, idari ve siyasi reformlar gerçekleşmiştir. Bu reformlar günümüzde de hala devam etmektedir.
The main aim of the thesis is to examine the reflections of Afghanistan's democratization process and the implications of the reforms that has been made after 2001. As Afghanistan has a strategic position in Central Asia, Since the establishment of the country, it has been exposed to interventions and invasions many times by the sovereign countries such as the British and the Russians. These interventions have prevented Afghanistan from having a fully institutionalized state. Following the 11 September terrorist attacks, US has intervened militarily in Afghanistan and the country ended Taliban regime. After the end of the Taliban regime in 2001, several international meetings were held with the participation of some countries, including the USA, regarding the new system that will be established in Afghanistan. After nearly 40 years of internal conflicts and foreign interventions in the meetings which held after 2001, they tried to establish the basic elements of a new state with international support in the country. First, a provisional government was established, and then editing of the constitution has entered by force, the country made the first Presidential election in its history, after years of national parliamentary election was made.In addition, human rights, women's rights and political parties came to the agenda of the country.In this way, After a long time in the country, although partially encountered in democratization. Also in this study for the development of the country and complement the deficiencies of the state in some areas, reforms have taken place. For example, security, health, education, administrative and political reforms have taken place. These reforms are still continuing until today.
The main aim of the thesis is to examine the reflections of Afghanistan's democratization process and the implications of the reforms that has been made after 2001. As Afghanistan has a strategic position in Central Asia, Since the establishment of the country, it has been exposed to interventions and invasions many times by the sovereign countries such as the British and the Russians. These interventions have prevented Afghanistan from having a fully institutionalized state. Following the 11 September terrorist attacks, US has intervened militarily in Afghanistan and the country ended Taliban regime. After the end of the Taliban regime in 2001, several international meetings were held with the participation of some countries, including the USA, regarding the new system that will be established in Afghanistan. After nearly 40 years of internal conflicts and foreign interventions in the meetings which held after 2001, they tried to establish the basic elements of a new state with international support in the country. First, a provisional government was established, and then editing of the constitution has entered by force, the country made the first Presidential election in its history, after years of national parliamentary election was made.In addition, human rights, women's rights and political parties came to the agenda of the country.In this way, After a long time in the country, although partially encountered in democratization. Also in this study for the development of the country and complement the deficiencies of the state in some areas, reforms have taken place. For example, security, health, education, administrative and political reforms have taken place. These reforms are still continuing until today.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Afganistan, Demokratikleşme, Afghanistan, Democratization
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Rawofi, M. I. (2019). Afganistan'da 2001 Sonrası Yeni Devlet Düzeni ve İdari Reformlar. (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Selçuk Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Konya.
