Armutların Kuraklık Stresinde Morfolojik, Fizyolojik ve Biyokimyasal Tepkilerin Belirlenmesi
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2022
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
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Yayıncı
Selçuk Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Kuraklık belirli bir bölgede hava, su ve toprak üzerinde olumsuz etkiler sonucunda oluşan, önemli bir doğal afettir. Su kaynaklarımız, artan nüfus ve bilinçsiz tüketimlerle giderek azalmaktadır. Yaşanan olumsuzluklara iklim değişikliği de eklenirse, ülkemizde ve dünyada kuraklığın her geçen gün daha da artacağı düşünülmektedir.
Bu çalışma 2020 yılında Selçuk Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi, Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümü araştırma ve uygulama serasında yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada armut yetiştiriciliğinde yoğun olarak kullanılan BA29, QuinceA, OHxF87 ve FOX11 anaçları ve bu anaçlar üzerinde aşılı Deveci çeşidinin kuraklık stresi altında morfolojik, fizyolojik ve biyokimyasal özelliklerin etkilerini belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Belirlenen morfolojik özelliklerin kuraklık ve hasar indeksleri tespit edilmiştir. Tüm incelenen özelliklere ait puanlama yapılmış ve bitkiler kuraklık stresine dayanıklılık ve tolerans durumları karşılaştırılmıştır. Yetiştirme ortamının homojen bir yapıya sahip olması amacıyla bahçe toprağı ile yanmış çiftlik gübresi 1:1 oranlarda karıştırılarak 13 litrelik saksılara doldurulmuş ve mart ayının sonunda fidanlar dikilmiştir. Kontrol grubu ve kuraklık uygulaması olarak 2 farklı sulama uygulaması yapılmıştır. Kuraklık uygulamaları 2020 yılı haziran ayı içinde başlamış olup kuraklığın ilk belirtisi yapraklarda solma oluşana kadar sulama yapılmamıştır. Kuraklık stresinden sonra iyileştirme uygulamasına geçilmiş olup 15 gün süresince iyileştirme uygulaması yapılmıştır. Çalışma aynı vejetasyon periyodunda paralel olarak iki kez tekrarlanmıştır. Sonuçlar incelendiğinde, kuraklık stresinin sürgün uzunluğu, yaprak alanı, özgün yaprak ağırlığı ve sürgün yaş ve kuru ağırlıklarını önemli derecede azalttığı belirlenmiştir. Morfolojik hasar indekslerine göre, en düşük hasar indeksine BA29 anacı sahip olurken aşılı fidanlar arasında en düşük hasar indeksi Deveci/Fox11 kombinasyonunda tespit edilmiştir. Morfolojik parametreler bakımından kuraklığa toleransı en yüksek OHxF87 anacının olduğu tespit edilirken, aşılı fidan olarak en yüksek tolerans Deveci/QuinceA kombinasyonu olduğu belirlenmiştir. Fizyolojik parametreler bakımından kuraklığa toleransı en yüksek OHxF87 belirlenirken, aşılı fidan olarak en yüksek tolerans Deveci/OHxF87 kombinasyonu olduğu belirlenmiştir. Biyokimyasal parametreler dikkate alındığında kuraklığa toleransı en yüksek olan anacın BA29 olduğu bulunmuş olup, aşılı fidanlarda ise toleransı en yüksek kombinasyon Deveci/Fox11’den elde edilmiştir. Kuraklık uygulaması çalışmada yer alan tüm aşılı ve aşısız fidanlarda stoma iletkenliğini ve yaprak oransal su içeriğini (YOSİ) azaltırken, membran zararlanmasını artırmıştır. Anaçlar ve aşılı fidanlar için tüm parametreler incelendiğinde kuraklığa en yüksek toleranslı olan anaç OHxF87’nin olduğu, kuraklığa en yüksek toleranslı aşılı fidan kombinasyonunun ise Deveci/QuinceA olduğu bulunmuştur. Bu durum anaçlar ve aynı anaçlar üzerine aşılı fidanların kuraklık stresine karşı hassasiyet ve tolerans tepkilerinde farklılıkların olduğunu göstermiştir.
Drought is an important natural disaster that has a negative effect on air, water and soil in a particular region. Our water resources are increasingly declining with increasing population and unconscious consumption. If climate change is also added to the negative, drought in our country and in the world is thought to be increasing every day. This study was conducted in 2020 in Selçuk University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Garden plants research and application. The study aims to determine the effects of morphological, physiological and biochemical properties under the stress of drought of the BA29, QuinceA, OHxF87 and FOX11 pineapples used extensively in pear breeding and the Deveci type hanging on these pineapples. The indexes of drought and damage of the specified morphological properties have been identified. Rated for all the features examined and compared to plant drought stress resistance and tolerance conditions. For a homogeneous nature of the breeding environment, the garden soil and burned farm dung were mixed at 1:1 ratios, filling 13 liters of pots and seedlings were planted at the end of march. 2 different irrigation applications have been implemented as a control group and drought application. Drought practices started in june 2020 and irrigation was not performed until the first sign of drought was faded in the leaves. After the stress of drought, the treatment was applied and for 15 days the treatment was carried out. The operation has been repeated twice in parallel during the same vegetation period. When the results were examined, it was determined that the stress of drought significantly reduces the length of exile, the leaf area, the original leaf weight and the age and dry weight of exile. According to the index of morphological damage, the lowest damage index has BA29 pineapple, while the lowest damage index among the hanging seedlings is detected in the Deveci/Fox11 combination. In terms of morphological parameters, the drought tolerance is determined to be the highest OHxF87 pineapple, while the highest tolerance as the hanging sapling is the Deveci/QuinceA combination. In terms of physiological parameters, the drought tolerance is determined at the highest OHxF87, while the highest tolerance in the suspended fidan is the Deveci/OHxF87 combination. Given the biochemical parameters, the mother with the highest tolerance for drought was found to be BA29, and in hanging seedlings, the highest tolerance combination was obtained from Deveci/Fox11. The drought application has reduced stoma conductivity and leaf proportional water content (YOSI) in all suspended and unvaccinated seedlings in the study, while increasing membrane damage. When all parameters for pineapple and hanging seedlings are examined, it was found that the anac OHxF87, which is the highest tolerance for drought, and the highest tolerance of hanging fidan to drought, was the Deveci/QuinceA. This has shown that there are differences in sensitivity and tolerance responses to drought stress of the seedlings hanging on the pineapple and the same pineapple.
Drought is an important natural disaster that has a negative effect on air, water and soil in a particular region. Our water resources are increasingly declining with increasing population and unconscious consumption. If climate change is also added to the negative, drought in our country and in the world is thought to be increasing every day. This study was conducted in 2020 in Selçuk University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Garden plants research and application. The study aims to determine the effects of morphological, physiological and biochemical properties under the stress of drought of the BA29, QuinceA, OHxF87 and FOX11 pineapples used extensively in pear breeding and the Deveci type hanging on these pineapples. The indexes of drought and damage of the specified morphological properties have been identified. Rated for all the features examined and compared to plant drought stress resistance and tolerance conditions. For a homogeneous nature of the breeding environment, the garden soil and burned farm dung were mixed at 1:1 ratios, filling 13 liters of pots and seedlings were planted at the end of march. 2 different irrigation applications have been implemented as a control group and drought application. Drought practices started in june 2020 and irrigation was not performed until the first sign of drought was faded in the leaves. After the stress of drought, the treatment was applied and for 15 days the treatment was carried out. The operation has been repeated twice in parallel during the same vegetation period. When the results were examined, it was determined that the stress of drought significantly reduces the length of exile, the leaf area, the original leaf weight and the age and dry weight of exile. According to the index of morphological damage, the lowest damage index has BA29 pineapple, while the lowest damage index among the hanging seedlings is detected in the Deveci/Fox11 combination. In terms of morphological parameters, the drought tolerance is determined to be the highest OHxF87 pineapple, while the highest tolerance as the hanging sapling is the Deveci/QuinceA combination. In terms of physiological parameters, the drought tolerance is determined at the highest OHxF87, while the highest tolerance in the suspended fidan is the Deveci/OHxF87 combination. Given the biochemical parameters, the mother with the highest tolerance for drought was found to be BA29, and in hanging seedlings, the highest tolerance combination was obtained from Deveci/Fox11. The drought application has reduced stoma conductivity and leaf proportional water content (YOSI) in all suspended and unvaccinated seedlings in the study, while increasing membrane damage. When all parameters for pineapple and hanging seedlings are examined, it was found that the anac OHxF87, which is the highest tolerance for drought, and the highest tolerance of hanging fidan to drought, was the Deveci/QuinceA. This has shown that there are differences in sensitivity and tolerance responses to drought stress of the seedlings hanging on the pineapple and the same pineapple.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Armut, Fizyoloji, Kuraklık Stresi, Kuraklık Stres İndeksleri, Pear, Physiology, Drought Stress, Drought Stress Indices
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Akdemir, Y., (2022). Armutların Kuraklık Stresinde Morfolojik, Fizyolojik ve Biyokimyasal Tepkilerin Belirlenmesi. (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Selçuk Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Konya.
