Şairin Dilinden Fetih: Râzî’nin Mora Fetihnâmesi
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2019
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Selçuk Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Savaşlarda kazanılan zaferlerin bahis konusu edildiği fetihnâmelerde galip gelen padişah ve komutanın kudreti övgü dolu ifadelerle anlatılır. Elde edilen galibiyetin halka duyurulmasında fetihnâme türündeki eserlerin ve mektupların önemi büyüktür. İslam devletlerinde gelenek olan fetihnâme yazımına Osmanlı Devleti zamanında da devam edilmiş; özellikle 16. asırdan sonra rağbet gösterilmiştir. Bu tür eserlerin edebî bir metin olmalarının haricinde tarihî birer belge niteliği de bulunmaktadır. Savaşa katılan şairler bu hadiselere hislerini de katarak gerçekleşen fethi nakletmişlerdir. Klasik Türk edebiyatı tarihi incelendiğinde fetihnâme türündeki eserlerin önemli bir yekun teşkil ettiği görülmektedir. Bu türde metin kaleme alanlardan biri de 18. asır şairlerinden Râzî’dir. Şair, Sultan III. Ahmed’in saltanatı zamanında 1715 yılında Mora’ya yapılan ve büyük bir zaferle sonuçlanan seferi mesnevi formunda nazma çekmiştir. Fetihnâmenin yazma nüshasında müellif hakkında herhangi bir bilgi bulunmamaktadır. Ancak eserde Râzî mahlasını belirten şairin bu asırda yaşayan şiir ve inşada mahir, tarihleri beğenilen Abdüllatif Râzî (ö. 1146/1733-34) olması kuvvetle muhtemeldir. 162 beyit olarak kaleme alınan fetihnâmede şair sanat kaygısıyla hareket ederek Mora fethini tasvirî bir üslupla anlatmış, fethedilen yerler ile bazı kale ve beldeler hakkında bilgiler vermiştir. Bu çalışmada fetihnâmeler hakkında genel hususlara değinilmiş, hakkında net bir bilgi bulunmayan eserinin müellifi Râzî’nin kim olabileceği tartışılmış, Mora fetihnâmesi şekil ve muhteva yönünden incelendikten sonra eserin metni sunulmuştur.
The power of the winner sultan and the commander is expressed with praise in fetihname in which victories are mentioned. Works and letters qualifying as a fetihname have great importance on turning the winning into a victory and on publicizing. The tradition of writing fetihname in Islamic states was continued during the Ottoman Empire, especially after 16th century it was shown to it in demand. Besides the fact that such works are literary text, they also have the feature of a historical document. The poets who participated in the war transferred the conquest by adding their feelings to events When the history of classical Turkish literature is examined, it is seen that the works of the type of conquest constitute a whole. One of these text writers is one of the 18th century poets Râzî. The poet mentioned the conquest which took place in Mora in 1715, during the reign of Sultan Ahmed III, and resulted in a great victory as verse. It is highly probable that the poet using his pseudonym in the work in which there is no detailed information about the author may be Abdüllatif Râzî (d. 1146/1733-34) who lived in that century and who is adept in poetry and construction and whose dates are liked. In the fetihname which was written as 162 couplets and as a verse in mesnevi form, the poet explained the conquest of Mora in a depicted manner and gave information about the conquered places, some castles and towns. In this study, it was touched to general issues about fetihname and it was discussed who could be the author of the work Razi. After examining the fetihname of Mora in terms of shape and content, the text of the work was presented.
The power of the winner sultan and the commander is expressed with praise in fetihname in which victories are mentioned. Works and letters qualifying as a fetihname have great importance on turning the winning into a victory and on publicizing. The tradition of writing fetihname in Islamic states was continued during the Ottoman Empire, especially after 16th century it was shown to it in demand. Besides the fact that such works are literary text, they also have the feature of a historical document. The poets who participated in the war transferred the conquest by adding their feelings to events When the history of classical Turkish literature is examined, it is seen that the works of the type of conquest constitute a whole. One of these text writers is one of the 18th century poets Râzî. The poet mentioned the conquest which took place in Mora in 1715, during the reign of Sultan Ahmed III, and resulted in a great victory as verse. It is highly probable that the poet using his pseudonym in the work in which there is no detailed information about the author may be Abdüllatif Râzî (d. 1146/1733-34) who lived in that century and who is adept in poetry and construction and whose dates are liked. In the fetihname which was written as 162 couplets and as a verse in mesnevi form, the poet explained the conquest of Mora in a depicted manner and gave information about the conquered places, some castles and towns. In this study, it was touched to general issues about fetihname and it was discussed who could be the author of the work Razi. After examining the fetihname of Mora in terms of shape and content, the text of the work was presented.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Klasik Türk Edebiyatı, Fetihnâme, Mora, Râzî, Classical Turkish Literature, fetihname, Mora, Razi
Kaynak
Selçuk Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
46
Künye
Koyuncu, F. (2019). Şairin Dilinden Fetih: Râzî’nin Mora Fetihnâmesi. Selçuk Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi, (46), 129-152.
