Merinos, Akkaraman ve I?vesi Irklarının Bazı Etçi Irklar ile Melezlerinde (Hasmer, Hasak, Hasiv ve Linmer) Performans Test ve Seleksiyon Çalışmaları. I. Dölverimi ve Yaşama Gücü
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2001
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Cilt Başlığı
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Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu araştırma, yeni etçi koyun tipleri elde etmek amacıyla yapılan melezleme çalışmaları ile elde edilen melezlerde tip sabitleştirmesine başlamak için yapılmıştır. Konya Hayvancılık Araştırma Enstitüsü'nde 1989 yılında başlayan melezleme çalışmaları ile 1996 yılına kadar F1 ve G1 lerden oluşan 15 çeşit genotip elde edilmiştir. Bu proje ile bunları uygun olan 4 genotip altında birleştirme ve 4 yeni koyun tipi oluşturma amacıyla, performans test ve seleksiyon çalışması yapılmıştır. Oluşturulmaya çalışılan yeni tiplere Hasmer (%31.25 Hampshire Down (HD) %31.25 Alman Siyah Baş (ASB) %37.50 Merinos), Hasak (%31.25 HD %31.25 ASB %37.50 Akkaraman), Hasiv (%31.25 HD %31.25 ASB %37.50 İvesi) ve Linmer (%50 Lincoln %50 Merinos) isimleri verilmesi uygun görülmüştür. Araştırma 1997-1999 yıllarında yapılmış olup, bu bölümde dölverimi ve yaşama gücü özellikleri, saf ırklar ile karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmiştir. İstatistik analizlerde Ki-Kare testi kullanılmıştır. Hasmer, Hasak, Hasiv, Linmer, Merinos, Akkaraman ve İvesi genotipleri için, sırasıyla, doğum oranı, 1997'de %70.1, 76.5, 81.8, 75.0, 84.0, 77.1 ve 90.3; 1998'de %75.4, 80.9, 83.3, 85.3, 86.5, 57.5 ve 61.1 (pO.Ol); 1999'da % 82.9, 83.7, 80.4, 86.7, 75.0, 72.5 ve 76.9 olup doğum oranı bakımından yıllar arası fark sadece Merinos ve İvesi grubunda önemlidir (p0.05). İkizlik oranı 1997'de %17.8, 16.9, 13.9, 15.9, 15.5, 7.4 ve 21.4; 1998'de %25.0, 25.0, 20.0, 30.9, 25.3, 17.4 ve 22.7; 1999'da %12.4, 11.0, 13.5, 18.1, 10.5, 31.0 ve 13.3 olup yıllar arası fark sadece Merinos grubunda önemlidir (p0.01). Yaşama gücü 1997'de %85.7, 90.8, 85.4, 82.2, 81.4, 89.7 ve 85.3; 1998'de %97.4, 92.2, 92.6, 89.6, 84.0, 88.9 ve 96.3 (p0.05); 1999'da %88.1, 90.1, 90.5, 80.0, 92.2, 89.5 ve 91.2 olup yıllar arası fark Hasmer ve Merinos gruplarında önemlidir (p0.05). Sonuç olarak, bu araştırmada elde edilen dölverimi sonuçlarının düşük olması sadece melezlere özgü bir durum olmayıp saf genotiplerde de görüldüğünden bunun bir menejmınt sorunu olduğu; dolayısıyla melez tiplerin saflar kadar döl verme kabiliyetlerinin olduğu anlaşılmaktadır.
This study has been conducted to begin to fix (continuation of genetic characters) new sheep types obtained by crossbreeding. From 1989 to 1996, 15 kinds of genotype (Fl and Bl) has been obtained by crossbreeding in Animal Research Institute in Konya. These 15 genotypes were fixed at 4 appropriate genotypes named Hasmer (31.25% Hampshire Down (HD) 31.25% Gen-nan Blackheaded Mutton (GBM) 37.50% Turkish Merino), Hasak (31.25% HD 31.25% GBM 37.50% Akkaraman), Hasiv (31.25% HD 31.25% GBM 37.50% Awassi) and Linmer (50% Lincoln 50% Turkish Merino). The reproduction traits of sheep and the survival ability of lambs were examined in this study from 1997 to 1999. The candidates of sire that will be used in mating in the next year were selected based on test results of their performance. The Chi Square test were used for statistical analysis. The birth ratios were 70.1, 76.5, 81.8, 75.0, 84.0, 77.1 and 90.3% in 1997; 75.4, 80.9, 83.3, 85.3, 86.5, 57.5 and 61.1% in 1998 (pO.Ol); 82.9, 83.7, 80.4, 86.7, 75.0, 72.5 and 76.9% in 1999 for Hasmer, Hasak, Hasiv, Linmer, Merino, Akkaraman and Awassi respectively . The differences between the years were significant only in Merino and Awassi groups (p<0.05). Twin birth ratios of sheep were 17.8, 16.9, 13.9, 15.9, 15.5, 7.4 and 21.4% in 1997; 25.0, 25.0, 20.0, 30.9, 25.3, 17.4 and 22.7% in 1998; and 12.4, 11.0, 13.5, 18.1, 10.5, 31.0 and 13.3% in 1999 for the same genotypes above respectively, and the differences between genotypes were not significant. The differences between years were significant only in Merino group (p<0.01). The survival ability of lambs before weaning was 85.7, 90.8, 85.4, 82.2, 81.4, 89.7 and 85.3% in 1997; 97.4, 92.2, 92.6, 89.6; 84.0, 88.9 and 96.3% in 1998 (p<0.05); 88.1, 90.1, 90.5, 80.0, 92.2, 89.5 and 91.2% in 1999 for the same genotypes above, and the differences between years were significant only in Hasmer and Merino groups (p<0.05). As a result, low reproduction traits obtained in this study were observed not only in crossbred types but also in purebred animals. So this is may be caused by management deficiencies or housing problems.
This study has been conducted to begin to fix (continuation of genetic characters) new sheep types obtained by crossbreeding. From 1989 to 1996, 15 kinds of genotype (Fl and Bl) has been obtained by crossbreeding in Animal Research Institute in Konya. These 15 genotypes were fixed at 4 appropriate genotypes named Hasmer (31.25% Hampshire Down (HD) 31.25% Gen-nan Blackheaded Mutton (GBM) 37.50% Turkish Merino), Hasak (31.25% HD 31.25% GBM 37.50% Akkaraman), Hasiv (31.25% HD 31.25% GBM 37.50% Awassi) and Linmer (50% Lincoln 50% Turkish Merino). The reproduction traits of sheep and the survival ability of lambs were examined in this study from 1997 to 1999. The candidates of sire that will be used in mating in the next year were selected based on test results of their performance. The Chi Square test were used for statistical analysis. The birth ratios were 70.1, 76.5, 81.8, 75.0, 84.0, 77.1 and 90.3% in 1997; 75.4, 80.9, 83.3, 85.3, 86.5, 57.5 and 61.1% in 1998 (pO.Ol); 82.9, 83.7, 80.4, 86.7, 75.0, 72.5 and 76.9% in 1999 for Hasmer, Hasak, Hasiv, Linmer, Merino, Akkaraman and Awassi respectively . The differences between the years were significant only in Merino and Awassi groups (p<0.05). Twin birth ratios of sheep were 17.8, 16.9, 13.9, 15.9, 15.5, 7.4 and 21.4% in 1997; 25.0, 25.0, 20.0, 30.9, 25.3, 17.4 and 22.7% in 1998; and 12.4, 11.0, 13.5, 18.1, 10.5, 31.0 and 13.3% in 1999 for the same genotypes above respectively, and the differences between genotypes were not significant. The differences between years were significant only in Merino group (p<0.01). The survival ability of lambs before weaning was 85.7, 90.8, 85.4, 82.2, 81.4, 89.7 and 85.3% in 1997; 97.4, 92.2, 92.6, 89.6; 84.0, 88.9 and 96.3% in 1998 (p<0.05); 88.1, 90.1, 90.5, 80.0, 92.2, 89.5 and 91.2% in 1999 for the same genotypes above, and the differences between years were significant only in Hasmer and Merino groups (p<0.05). As a result, low reproduction traits obtained in this study were observed not only in crossbred types but also in purebred animals. So this is may be caused by management deficiencies or housing problems.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Mutton Breed, Crossbreeding, Performance Test, Selection, Fixing New Types, Reproductive and Survival Traits, Etçi Irk, Melezleme, Performans Test, Seleksiyon, Tip Sabitleme, Dölverimi
Kaynak
Hayvancılık Araştırma Dergisi
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
11
Sayı
2
Künye
Tekin, M. E., Gürkan, M., Karabulut, O., Düzgün, H., (2001). Merinos, Akkaraman ve İvesi Irklarının Bazı Etçi Irklar ile Melezlerinde (Hasmer, Hasak, Hasiv ve Linmer) Performans Test ve Seleksiyon Çalışmaları. I. Dölverimi ve Yaşama Gücü. Hayvancılık Araştırma Dergisi, 11(2), 1-8.
