Osmanlı siyasal modernleşmesi
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2021
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Selçuk Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Modernleşme, ilk olarak Hristiyanlığı kabul eden Roma'yı putperest döneminden ayırmak için kullanılan bir kavramdır. Sosyal bilimler literatüründe Orta Çağ'dan günümüz dünyasını ayırt etmek için kullanılan modernleşme, Batı medeniyetinin Coğrafi Keşifler sonrası zenginleşmesi, Rönesans ve Reform hareketleri ile özgür düşünceyi geliştirmesi ve en nihayetinde Aydınlanma Çağı ile sekülerleşmesi neticesinde yaşanan gelişmeleri nitelemek için kullanılan bir olgudur. 17. yy. da ortaya çıkan bilimsel, kültürel, siyasal, teknik ve endüstriyel gelişmelerin hepsini kavrayan modernleşme kavramı, siyasal alanda demokratikleşme hareketleri olarak görülmüştür. Kurulduğu 14. yüzyıldan dan 17. yüzyıla kadar güçlü bir devlet olan Osmanlı İmparatorluğu, 17. yüzyıldan itibaren savaşlarda alınan mağlubiyetlere çare olarak gerisinde kaldığını düşündüğü Batılı devletlerdeki gelişmeleri kendisine uyarlama girişimlerinde bulunmuştur. İlk olarak askeri alanda model alınan Batı, sonraki dönemlerde Osmanlı İmparatorluğu için bilimden kültüre, hukuktan yönetim tarzına kadar devlet idaresi için önemli olan her aygıtta takip edilen medeniyet durumuna gelmiştir. III. Selim dönemi ile devlet politikası haline gelen Batı takipçiliği, Tanzimat ve Islahat Fermanları ile birlikte geri dönülmez bir evreye gelmiştir. 19. yüzyıl sonunda mutlakiyetten meşrutiyete anayasalı parlamento ile geçiş yapan Osmanlı İmparatorluğu, askeriyeden eğitime, siyasal alandan hukuka devlet yönetimi için gerekli olan her alanda Batı medeniyetinin izinden gitse de İmparatorluğun dağılmasına engel olamamıştır.
Modernizationis a concept that was first used to separate Rome which accepted Christianity, from the pagan period. Being used to distinguish the modern world from the Middle Ages in the social sciences literature, modernization, is a phenomenon resorted to characterize the enrichment of Western civilization after the Geographical Discoveries, the development of free thought by Western civilization through the Renaissanceand Reform movements and ultimat elyits secularization with the Enlightenment Age. The concept of modernization, which graspedall the scientific, cultural, political, technical and industrial developments that emerged in the 17th century, was seen as democratization movements in the political field. The Ottoman Empire, which was a powerful state from the 14th century when it was founded until the 17th century, has attempted to adaptthe developments in Western states, which it thought it had lagged behind, as a remedy for the defeats in the wars since the 17th century. Taken as a model in the military field first, the West has become a civilization followed in every mechanism that is important for the state administration, from science to culture, from law to government style for the Ottoman Empire in later periods. Western pursuit, which became a state policy with the period of Selim III, reached an irreversible stage with the Tanzimat and Islahat Edicts (theImperialedict of Gülhane andedict of reform). Passing from absolutism to constitutionalism with a constitutional parliament at the end of the 19th century, The Ottoman Empire followed the foot steps of the Western civilization in every field required for state administration from military to education, from political to law, but could not prevent the Empire from dissolving.
Modernizationis a concept that was first used to separate Rome which accepted Christianity, from the pagan period. Being used to distinguish the modern world from the Middle Ages in the social sciences literature, modernization, is a phenomenon resorted to characterize the enrichment of Western civilization after the Geographical Discoveries, the development of free thought by Western civilization through the Renaissanceand Reform movements and ultimat elyits secularization with the Enlightenment Age. The concept of modernization, which graspedall the scientific, cultural, political, technical and industrial developments that emerged in the 17th century, was seen as democratization movements in the political field. The Ottoman Empire, which was a powerful state from the 14th century when it was founded until the 17th century, has attempted to adaptthe developments in Western states, which it thought it had lagged behind, as a remedy for the defeats in the wars since the 17th century. Taken as a model in the military field first, the West has become a civilization followed in every mechanism that is important for the state administration, from science to culture, from law to government style for the Ottoman Empire in later periods. Western pursuit, which became a state policy with the period of Selim III, reached an irreversible stage with the Tanzimat and Islahat Edicts (theImperialedict of Gülhane andedict of reform). Passing from absolutism to constitutionalism with a constitutional parliament at the end of the 19th century, The Ottoman Empire followed the foot steps of the Western civilization in every field required for state administration from military to education, from political to law, but could not prevent the Empire from dissolving.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Modernleşme, Siyasal Modernleşme, Batı Medeniyeti, Tanzimat Fermanı, Osmanlı İmparatorluğu, Modernization, Political Modernization, Western Civilization, Tanzimat Edict, Ottoman Empire
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Can, M. (2021). Osmanlı siyasal modernleşmesi. (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Selçuk Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Konya.
