Güneş enerjisi destekli (PV) çalışan taşıt klima sisteminin dinamik performansının araştırılması
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Tarih
2013-03-22
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Yayıncı
Selçuk Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışmada, güneş enerjisi destekli çalışan taşıt klima sisteminin dinamik performansı araştırılmıştır. Tez teorik ve deneysel olmak üzere 2 ana çalışmadan oluşmaktadır. Teorik çalışmada binek taşıt ve midibüs için Antalya, Konya, Mersin, Muğla, Şanlıurfa gibi güneş alma kapasitesi yüksek olan illere ait meteorolojiden temin edilen 1997-2008 yılları arasındaki 12 yıllık sıcaklık ve ışınım şiddeti verileri kullanılarak taşıt soğutma yükü, soğutma sezonu boyunca (1 Mayıs-30 Eylül) saatlik olarak hesaplanmıştır. Daha sonra soğutma ihtiyacını karşılamak için Türkiye?nin çeşitli iklim şartlarında, buhar sıkıştırmalı soğutma çevrimine göre çalışan soğutma sisteminin termodinamik analizi yapılmıştır. Kompresörün elektrik ihtiyacının temiz enerji kaynağı olan güneş enerjisinden elektrik enerjisi üretilmesi ile karşılanması durumları farklı fotovoltaik verim değerleri kabul edilerek değerlendirilmiştir. Saatlik evaporatör ve kondenser kapasiteleri, kompresör gücü, soğutma tesir katsayılarını kapsayan performans parametreleri MATLAB?da geliştirilen programlar ile hesaplatılmıştır. Seçilen iller için meteorolojik veriler kullanılarak, farklı soğutucu akışkanlar (R134a, R410A ve R407C), -5°C, 0°C ve 5°C buharlaşma ve dış ortam sıcaklığından 10oC, 15oC ve 20oC yüksek yoğuşma sıcaklıkları olması durumları, kompresör izentropik verimi, 5°C aşırı ısıtma, 5°C aşırı soğutma, evaporatördeki ve kondenserderki basınç kayıpları da incelenmiştir. Ayrıca, Yapay Sinir Ağları (YSA) metodu kullanılarak güneş ışınım şiddeti, sıcaklığa ve coğrafik değişkenlere bağlı olarak tahmin edilmiştir. Daha sonra coğrafik ve meteorolojik değişkenlere bağlı olarak bir binek taşıtın soğutma yükü YSA metodu ile tahmin edilerek istatistiksel sonuçları sunulmuştur. Deneysel çalışmada güneye doğru yönlendirilmiş park halindeki bir taşıt kabini üzerine, gerçek klima elemanlarından oluşan deney düzeneği kurularak sistemin dinamik performansı deneysel olarak 2012 yılı ağustos ayı içerisinde belirlenmiştir. Deney taşıtının soğutma ihtiyacının, PV destekli taşıt klima sistemi ile karşılanması durumları için de analizler yapılmıştır. Deneysel verilere göre sistemin enerji ve ekserji analizleri yapılmıştır. Elde edilen deneysel sonuçlardan sistemin Konya ilinde çalıştırılması ile taşıt yüzeyine yerleştirilen PV sisteminden günlük 5.82 kWh?lik enerji üretildiği ve bu enerjinin evaporatör hava hızına bağlı olarak günlük klimanın çektiği gücün 2-3 saatlik kısmının PV sistemi ile karşılanabileceği görülmüştür.
Dynamic performance of vehicle air conditioning system partially powered by solar energy was investigated in this study. The work consists of theoretical and experimental sections. Cooling load (i.e. heat gain) of a vehicle was hourly calculated during the cooling season (1 May-30 September) by means of temperature and radiation intensity data obtained from local meteorology institutions of cities with having high solar irradiation capacity such as Antalya, Konya, Mersin, Mugla and Sanliurfa provinces in Turkey for hourly averaged value of 12 years during the years 1997-2008 for a midi-bus and automobile. Subsequently, thermodynamic analysis of the cooling system working in accordance with vapor compression cooling cycle was done under various climate conditions in Turkey to meet the cooling need of the vehicle. Supplying electricity to the compressor by means of clean energy source solar energy was theoretically evaluated using different photovoltaic panel efficiencies. Performance parameters including hourly evaporator and condenser capacities, compressor power and coefficient of performance were calculated by means of a in-house developed program in MATLAB. Also, situations with different refrigerants (R134a, R410A and R407C), -5°C, 0°C and 5°C evaporation temperatures and condenser temperatures 10oC, 15oC and 20oC higher than ambient temperatures, compressor isentropic efficiencies, 5°C overheating, 5°C subcooling, pressure drops in evaporator and condenser lines were investigated using meteorological data belonging to the aforementioned provinces. Additionally, solar radiation intensity was predicted according to the temperature, local coordinates and geographical variables by means of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). Later on statistical results were presented by means of the ANN prediction of the cooling capacity of an automobile depending on geographical and meteorological variables. In the experimental section of the study, an experimental setup consisting of an air conditioner parts were installed on a parked vehicle cabin directed towards south and dynamic performance of the system was experimentally determined in August 2012 by measuring local solar radiation in a horizontal surface. Analyses of the experiments were processed to evaluate and meet the cooling need of the model vehicle that was partially powered by PV system mounted on the vehicle. Performance and exergy analyses of the obtained experimental results were also performed. It was seen from the acquired experimental results that 5.82 kWh energy was produced from the PV system mounted on to the vehicle cabin and a part of daily electric energy need of the air conditioner depending on the air velocity passing the evaporator about 2 to 3 hours could be compensated.
Dynamic performance of vehicle air conditioning system partially powered by solar energy was investigated in this study. The work consists of theoretical and experimental sections. Cooling load (i.e. heat gain) of a vehicle was hourly calculated during the cooling season (1 May-30 September) by means of temperature and radiation intensity data obtained from local meteorology institutions of cities with having high solar irradiation capacity such as Antalya, Konya, Mersin, Mugla and Sanliurfa provinces in Turkey for hourly averaged value of 12 years during the years 1997-2008 for a midi-bus and automobile. Subsequently, thermodynamic analysis of the cooling system working in accordance with vapor compression cooling cycle was done under various climate conditions in Turkey to meet the cooling need of the vehicle. Supplying electricity to the compressor by means of clean energy source solar energy was theoretically evaluated using different photovoltaic panel efficiencies. Performance parameters including hourly evaporator and condenser capacities, compressor power and coefficient of performance were calculated by means of a in-house developed program in MATLAB. Also, situations with different refrigerants (R134a, R410A and R407C), -5°C, 0°C and 5°C evaporation temperatures and condenser temperatures 10oC, 15oC and 20oC higher than ambient temperatures, compressor isentropic efficiencies, 5°C overheating, 5°C subcooling, pressure drops in evaporator and condenser lines were investigated using meteorological data belonging to the aforementioned provinces. Additionally, solar radiation intensity was predicted according to the temperature, local coordinates and geographical variables by means of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). Later on statistical results were presented by means of the ANN prediction of the cooling capacity of an automobile depending on geographical and meteorological variables. In the experimental section of the study, an experimental setup consisting of an air conditioner parts were installed on a parked vehicle cabin directed towards south and dynamic performance of the system was experimentally determined in August 2012 by measuring local solar radiation in a horizontal surface. Analyses of the experiments were processed to evaluate and meet the cooling need of the model vehicle that was partially powered by PV system mounted on the vehicle. Performance and exergy analyses of the obtained experimental results were also performed. It was seen from the acquired experimental results that 5.82 kWh energy was produced from the PV system mounted on to the vehicle cabin and a part of daily electric energy need of the air conditioner depending on the air velocity passing the evaporator about 2 to 3 hours could be compensated.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Soğutma yükü, Cooling load, Meteorolojik veriler, Meteorological data, Yenilenebilir enerji, Renewable energy, Güneş enerjisi, Solar energy, Taşıt kliması, Vehicle air conditioning
Kaynak
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Scopus Q Değeri
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Künye
Solmaz, Ö. (2013). Güneş enerjisi destekli (PV) çalışan taşıt klima sisteminin dinamik performansının araştırılması. Selçuk Üniversitesi, Yayımlanmış doktora tezi, Konya.
