Selçuklularda tıp eğitimi ve Selçuklu hastanelerinin Avrupa kültürüne olan etkileri
Yükleniyor...
Dosyalar
Tarih
2009
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Türk milletine ait Tıp tarihi, kurumsallaşma ol¬gusu ve anlayışı çerçevesinde Selçuklular zamanında başlamış ve Os¬manlı İmparatorluğu döneminde de gelişip büyüyerek devam etmiştir. Bu dönem içinde birçok hastane kurulmuş, kütüphaneler tesis edilmiş¬tir. Selçuklu Türkleri çağlarının en modern hastanelerini ülkenin birçok önemli şehirde imar etmişlerdir. Hatta bu hastaneler Avrupa'daki Rönesans hareketlerini etkilemiştir. Haçlı seferlerinin bir sonucu da Avrupalılar sağlık kurumlarını ve metotlarını fark ederek kendi anavatanlarında uygulamalar ve Türk-İslâm âlimlerinin eserlerini tercüme etmeleri olmuştur. Selçuklu hastanelerindeki tedavi metotları devrin önde gelenlerindendi. Tıp öğrencileri öğrenim süreleri boyunca hastanelerde pratik yapma imkânına sahipti. Tesis edilen hastanelerde ve medreselerde pek çok Türk hekimi yetişmiştir. Ayrıca bu dönemde hastanelerde tıbbî mü-şavereler ve tartışmalar yapılmış, halk ücretsiz muayene edilmiş ve kendilerine ilaç dağıtılmıştır. Hastaneler bir tür vakıf sistemi üzerine kurulmuştu ki; buralarda dindar insanlardan gelen bağışlar kullanırlardı. Aynı zamanda devlet yöneticileri bu müesseselerin oluşumunda büyük rol sahibiydi. Bu da Selçuklu sosyal yapılmasının başka bir boyutudur. Selçuklularda tıp eğitimi Türkçe yapılmış, an¬cak bu büyük imparatorluk, birçok badireler atlattığı için tıbbî müesseseler ve eserler dağılıp yok olmuştur. Bugün bu tıbbî eserlerin ve müesseselerin çok azını bilebilmekteyiz. Anadolu' da mevcut tıbbi müesseseler tababet hayatının Selçuklular¬da çok ileri olduğunu gösterir. Özellikle askerlik alanında gelişen tababet Türklerde o derece ilerlemiştir ki bu gelişmeleri Batı dünyası Türklerden izlemiş ve kendisine uyarlamıştır.Bunun yanında varlığı bi¬linen ama tesbit edilemeyen, birçok hastane ve tıbbi müessese mevcuttur. Aynca, seyyar hastaneler, cüzamhaneler, tı¬marhaneler, eczaneler, darürrahalar, tıp medreseleri, tıp tarihinde olduğu kadar Selçuklu müesseseleri tarihin¬de ve dünya tarihinde kültürel gelişmişliğin tartışmasız delilidirler.
Medicine history belongs to Turks has started in the period of Selcuks and contined in Ottoman period by getting grow in a polity. In this period, a lot of hospitals have been built and also libraries have been based. Selcuks have reconstructed the most advanced hospitals in the some of important cities of country. Even these hospitals has effected Renaissance movements in Europe. One of the results of the crusades is that Europeans have noticed methods of health foundations and translated works of Turk and The Muslim World scholars. Methods used in Selcuk Hospitals were the most popular in that period. Medicine students have had the possession of making practice during their education period. In these hospitals, lots of Turkish doctors have been trained. Besides in this period, arguments have been made, people have been checked-up without any fee and medicines have been delivered to people in hospitals. Hospitals have been built by the system of a foundation. So that, donations, which had been made by religious people, have been used. Also goverment administrators have had a role in the creation of these institutions. This factor is another aspect of social scale in Selcuks. In Selcuks, medicine education has been made in Turkish, but medical institutions and creations have been dissolved, because this great imperial have had a lot of troubles. Today we know a few of these institutions and creations. Existing medical institutions in Anatolia show that the medical profession in Selcuks is quite advanced. Especially, the medical profession growing in military field has been more advanced that west of the world has watched Turks and adopted these developments. Also there are lots of hospitals and medical institutions which are known but can not been detected. Besides mobile hospitals, quarantines of leprous, lunatic asylums, pharmacies, almshouses, medicine schools are proof of culturel development in Selcuk institutions history and world history as much as in medicine history.
Medicine history belongs to Turks has started in the period of Selcuks and contined in Ottoman period by getting grow in a polity. In this period, a lot of hospitals have been built and also libraries have been based. Selcuks have reconstructed the most advanced hospitals in the some of important cities of country. Even these hospitals has effected Renaissance movements in Europe. One of the results of the crusades is that Europeans have noticed methods of health foundations and translated works of Turk and The Muslim World scholars. Methods used in Selcuk Hospitals were the most popular in that period. Medicine students have had the possession of making practice during their education period. In these hospitals, lots of Turkish doctors have been trained. Besides in this period, arguments have been made, people have been checked-up without any fee and medicines have been delivered to people in hospitals. Hospitals have been built by the system of a foundation. So that, donations, which had been made by religious people, have been used. Also goverment administrators have had a role in the creation of these institutions. This factor is another aspect of social scale in Selcuks. In Selcuks, medicine education has been made in Turkish, but medical institutions and creations have been dissolved, because this great imperial have had a lot of troubles. Today we know a few of these institutions and creations. Existing medical institutions in Anatolia show that the medical profession in Selcuks is quite advanced. Especially, the medical profession growing in military field has been more advanced that west of the world has watched Turks and adopted these developments. Also there are lots of hospitals and medical institutions which are known but can not been detected. Besides mobile hospitals, quarantines of leprous, lunatic asylums, pharmacies, almshouses, medicine schools are proof of culturel development in Selcuk institutions history and world history as much as in medicine history.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Avrupa kültürü, European culture, Hastaneler, Hospitals, Selçuklular, Seljuks
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Aydınoğlu, Y. (2009). Selçuklularda tıp eğitimi ve Selçuklu hastanelerinin Avrupa kültürüne olan etkileri. Selçuk Üniversitesi, Yayımlanmış yüksek lisans tezi, Konya.