Hasat sonrası melatonin ve yenilebilir film kaplama uygulamalarının taze kesilmiş brokolilerde muhafaza süresi ve kaliteye etkileri
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2025
Yazarlar
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Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Selçuk Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Brassica oleracea türüne ait olan brokoli, geniş çiçekli başları sebze olarak yenen lahana ailesinden bir bitkidir. Büyük çiçek başları vardır bu başlar çoğunlukla yeşil renkli ve kalın yapıdadır. Brokoli diyet lifi ve triptofan gibi proteinler açısından oldukça zengindir. Soğukta muhafaza yöntemi ürünün raf ömrünü uzatmak ve kalitesini korumak için kullanılmaktadır. Hasat sonrası ve depolama süresince meyve ve sebzelerde farklı yenilebilir film kaplı uygulamalar kullanılmaktadır. Sodyum aljinat kahverengi su yosunları, doğal veya bakteriyel kaynaklardan elde edilebilen bir polisakkarit çeşididir. Kitosan yengeç, karides veya midye gibi bazı deniz kabuklularının ana bileşenidir. Kitinin pek çok türevi olmasına rağmen en önemlisi kitosandır. Melatonin hormonu bitkilerde, hayvanlarda, mikro organizmalarda bulunmaktadır. Bitkilerde hasat sonrası melatonin uygulaması ürünlerde yaşlanmayı geciktirir ve raf ömrünü uzatmaktadır. 'Marathon F1' brokoli çeşidi ticari olgunlukta hasat edilerek uygun koşullarda Selçuk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümüne ait laboratuvara getirilmiştir. Laboratuvarda hasar görmemiş, büyüklük ve renk bakımından homojen özellikteki taçlar seçilerek saf su ile yıkanarak kuruması için oda koşullarında bekletilmiştir. Kuruyan brokolilerde gövde ve taçlarda bulunan yapraklar temizlenmiştir. Taç kısımları gövde ile birlikte yaklaşık 10-15 cm olacak şekilde kesilerek taze kesilmiş ürün olarak hazırlanmıştır. Hazırlanan brokoli taçları uygulamalar yapılmak üzere 6 gruba ayrılmıştır. İlk gruba ait örnekler hiçbir uygulama yapılmadan kontrol olarak değerlendirilmiştir. İkinci grup örneklere melatonin uygulaması yapılmıştır. Yapılan ön çalışmalar sonucu 100 µM olarak uygulanan melatonin çözeltisine batırılan brokoli floretleri bir süre oda koşullarında tutularak kuruması sağlanmıştır. Üçüncü grup brokolilere %1 Kitosan uygulaması yapılmıştır. Bu amaçla hazırlanan çözeltiye taçlar 5 dakika süreyle batırılarak üzerinde ki su uzaklaşana kadar oda koşullarında kurutma işlemi yapılmıştır. Dördüncü grup brokolilere %1 S. Aljinat uygulaması yapılmıştır. 10 g S. Aljinat 70 °C sıcaklıktaki saf su içerisinde çözündürüldükten sonra plastikleştirici olarak %2 gliserol eklenmiş ve soğutularak uygulama yapılmıştır. Beşinci grup brokolilere 100 µM Melatonin+%1 Kitosan çözeltileri birlikte uygulanmıştır. Altıncı grup brokolilere ise 100 µM Melatonin+%1 S. Aljinat çözeltileri birlikte uygulanmıştır. Hasat sonrası melatonin ve yenilebilir film kaplama uygulamalarının taze kesilmiş brokolilerde muhafaza süresi ve kaliteye etkileri incelendiğinde mel+aljinat uygulamasının ağırlık kaybı, gövde sertliği, taç rengi, askorbik asit miktarı, toplam antioksidan aktivite, klorofil değeri ve titre edilebilir asitlik değerlerindeki azalışın geciktirilmesinde olumlu etkilerinin olduğu saptanmıştır. Ayrıca görsel kalitenin korunması, ağırlık kaybı ve SÇKM değerlerindeki artışın yavaşlatılmasında da etkili olduğu gözlenmiştir.
Broccoli, belonging to the Brassica oleracea species, is a plant from the cabbage family whose flowered large heads are eaten as a vegetable. It has large flower heads and these heads are mostly green in color and thick. Broccoli Diet is very rich in proteins such as life and tryptophan. Cold storage method is used to extend and protect the shelf life of the product. Different edible film applications are used on fruits and vegetables. Sodium alginate is a type of polysaccharide obtained from brown algae, natural or ingested sources. Chitosan is the main component of some marine crustaceans such as crabs, shrimps or mussels. Although there are many derivatives of chitin, the most important is chitosan. Melatonin hormone is found in lice, animals and microorganisms. Post-harvest application of melatonin in plants delays the aging of the products and has a long shelf life. 'Marathon F1' broccoli variety was harvested at commercial maturity and brought to the laboratory of Selçuk University Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture under appropriate conditions. In the laboratory, undamaged, homogeneous crowns in terms of size and color were selected, washed with pure water and kept at room conditions to dry. The leaves on the stem and crowns of the dried broccoli were cleaned. The crown parts were cut together with the stem to be approximately 10-15 cm and prepared as fresh-cut product. The prepared broccoli crowns were divided into 6 groups for applications. The first group of broccoli was evaluated as a control without any application. Melatonin was applied to the second group of broccoli. As a result of the preliminary studies, broccoli florets dipped in 100 µM melatonin solution were kept at room conditions for a while to dry. 1% chitosan was applied to the third group of broccoli. For this purpose, the crowns were dipped in the prepared solution for 5 minutes and the drying process was carried out at room conditions until the water on them was removed. The fourth group of broccoli was treated with 1% sodium alginate. After dissolving 10 g of sodium alginate in pure water at 70 °C, 2% glycerol was added as a plasticizer and the application was carried out after cooling. The fifth group of broccoli was treated with 100 µM melatonin+1% chitosan solutions. The sixth group of broccoli was treated with 100 µM melatonin+1% sodium alginate solutions. When the effects of postharvest melatonin and edible film coating applications on the storage period and quality of fresh-cut broccoli were examined, it was determined that mel+alginate application had positive effects in delaying the decrease in weight loss, stem hardness, crown color, ascorbic acid amount, total antioxidant activity, chlorophyll value and titratable acidity values. It was also observed that it was effective in preserving visual quality, slowing down the increase in weight loss and TSS values.
Broccoli, belonging to the Brassica oleracea species, is a plant from the cabbage family whose flowered large heads are eaten as a vegetable. It has large flower heads and these heads are mostly green in color and thick. Broccoli Diet is very rich in proteins such as life and tryptophan. Cold storage method is used to extend and protect the shelf life of the product. Different edible film applications are used on fruits and vegetables. Sodium alginate is a type of polysaccharide obtained from brown algae, natural or ingested sources. Chitosan is the main component of some marine crustaceans such as crabs, shrimps or mussels. Although there are many derivatives of chitin, the most important is chitosan. Melatonin hormone is found in lice, animals and microorganisms. Post-harvest application of melatonin in plants delays the aging of the products and has a long shelf life. 'Marathon F1' broccoli variety was harvested at commercial maturity and brought to the laboratory of Selçuk University Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture under appropriate conditions. In the laboratory, undamaged, homogeneous crowns in terms of size and color were selected, washed with pure water and kept at room conditions to dry. The leaves on the stem and crowns of the dried broccoli were cleaned. The crown parts were cut together with the stem to be approximately 10-15 cm and prepared as fresh-cut product. The prepared broccoli crowns were divided into 6 groups for applications. The first group of broccoli was evaluated as a control without any application. Melatonin was applied to the second group of broccoli. As a result of the preliminary studies, broccoli florets dipped in 100 µM melatonin solution were kept at room conditions for a while to dry. 1% chitosan was applied to the third group of broccoli. For this purpose, the crowns were dipped in the prepared solution for 5 minutes and the drying process was carried out at room conditions until the water on them was removed. The fourth group of broccoli was treated with 1% sodium alginate. After dissolving 10 g of sodium alginate in pure water at 70 °C, 2% glycerol was added as a plasticizer and the application was carried out after cooling. The fifth group of broccoli was treated with 100 µM melatonin+1% chitosan solutions. The sixth group of broccoli was treated with 100 µM melatonin+1% sodium alginate solutions. When the effects of postharvest melatonin and edible film coating applications on the storage period and quality of fresh-cut broccoli were examined, it was determined that mel+alginate application had positive effects in delaying the decrease in weight loss, stem hardness, crown color, ascorbic acid amount, total antioxidant activity, chlorophyll value and titratable acidity values. It was also observed that it was effective in preserving visual quality, slowing down the increase in weight loss and TSS values.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Brokoli, Kitosan, Melatonin, Sodyum Aljinat, Soğukta Muhafaza, Broccoli, Chitosan, Sodium Alginate, Cold Storage
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Savran, H. M. (2025). Hasat sonrası melatonin ve yenilebilir film kaplama uygulamalarının taze kesilmiş brokolilerde muhafaza süresi ve kaliteye etkileri. (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Selçuk Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Konya.
