Doğu Anadolu Türk Devletleri'nde eğitim ve eğitim müesseseleri
Yükleniyor...
Dosyalar
Tarih
2008
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Selçuk Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Türkler 1071'de Malazgirt Zaferi ile Anadolu'yu yurt edinmeye başladılar. Malazgirt Zaferi'ne emeği geçen komutanlara Alparslan Anadolu'nun çeşitli yerlerinde beylik kurmaları için izin verdi. Bu Beylikler iç işlerinde serbest dış işlerinde Selçuklular' a bağlıydı. Doğu Anadolu Türk Devletleri adını verdiği bu beylikler: Saltuklular, Mengücekliler, Danişmentliler, Artuklular, Ahlatşahlar ve önemli bir siyasi yapı olarak karşımıza çıkan Eratna Devletinin siyasi tarihi ve eğitim-eğitim müesseseleri aydınlatılmıştır. Bu Beyliklerin eğitim tarihi aydınlatılırken dönemin en güçlü devleti olan Selçuklu Devleti'nin eğitiminden yola çıkılmıştır. Çünkü Beyliklerin eğitim anlayışı Selçuklu Devleti ile paralellik gösterir. Anadolu'da ilk medreseyi Danişmendliler kurmuştur. Danişmentli bilim adamları Anadolu'nun kültürel anlamda gelişmesine katkı sağlamıştır. Anadolu'da beylikler döneminde kurulan medreseler genelde camiye bitişik olarak yapılırdı. Bu nedenle medreseler hem örgün hem yaygın eğitim yeri olmuştur. medreselerde genellikle dini eğitim verilirken pozitif bilimlere de yer verilmiştir .Medreselerde dini etkiden dolayı eğitim-öğretim dili genelde Arapça'dır. Medrese hocaları maaşlı öğrenciler ise bursludur. Yaygın eğitim (plansız eğitim)kurumları ise camiler, kitapçılar, bilginlerin evleri, kütüphaneler, tekke ve zaviyeler her yaştan halka eğitim veren kurumlardı. Ahilik teşkilatı ise ekonomik açıdan güçlü bir yaygın eğitim kurumudur. Doğu Anadolu Beyliklerin' de bu kurumların var olduğu görülmüştür.
Turks began to settle in Anatolia with Malazgirt Victory in 1071. Alparslan gave permission for the commanders adding to win Malazgirt Victory to establish principalities in certain places of Anatolia. These principalities were free in terms of internal affairs but subjected to Seljuk?s in terms of foreign affairs. These principalities called as Turkish States of East Anatolia, were Saltuks, Mengüceks, Danisments, Ahlatşah. Political history and educational institutes of these states and of Eratna State, which we encounter as an important political structure, were enlightened. While enlightening the educational history of these states, it was started from the education in Seljuk State, the strongest state of that era, because the educational understanding of the principalities wee in parallel with Seljuk State.The first madrasah in Anatolia was established by Danismends. Danismend scholars made a contribution about improving of Anatolia in cultural sense.The madrasahs established in the era of principalities in Anatolia were built as attached to the mosque. Therefore, the madrasahs became educational places, which are in active in both formal and open way. While the religious education was generally given in the madrasahs, positive science was also taken place. Due to religious influences in the madrasahs, the language for education ? instruction was generally Arabic. The teachers of madrasah were salaried and the students were endowed study grant.Open (informal/unplanned) educational institutes were the institutes such as the mosques, the libraries, and houses of the scholars, the dervish lodge and small dervish lodge educating the people in different ages. Ahilik organization was an open educational institute, which was economically strong. It was seen that there were these institutes in the principalities in East Anatolia.
Turks began to settle in Anatolia with Malazgirt Victory in 1071. Alparslan gave permission for the commanders adding to win Malazgirt Victory to establish principalities in certain places of Anatolia. These principalities were free in terms of internal affairs but subjected to Seljuk?s in terms of foreign affairs. These principalities called as Turkish States of East Anatolia, were Saltuks, Mengüceks, Danisments, Ahlatşah. Political history and educational institutes of these states and of Eratna State, which we encounter as an important political structure, were enlightened. While enlightening the educational history of these states, it was started from the education in Seljuk State, the strongest state of that era, because the educational understanding of the principalities wee in parallel with Seljuk State.The first madrasah in Anatolia was established by Danismends. Danismend scholars made a contribution about improving of Anatolia in cultural sense.The madrasahs established in the era of principalities in Anatolia were built as attached to the mosque. Therefore, the madrasahs became educational places, which are in active in both formal and open way. While the religious education was generally given in the madrasahs, positive science was also taken place. Due to religious influences in the madrasahs, the language for education ? instruction was generally Arabic. The teachers of madrasah were salaried and the students were endowed study grant.Open (informal/unplanned) educational institutes were the institutes such as the mosques, the libraries, and houses of the scholars, the dervish lodge and small dervish lodge educating the people in different ages. Ahilik organization was an open educational institute, which was economically strong. It was seen that there were these institutes in the principalities in East Anatolia.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Saltuklular, Mengücekliler, Danişmentliler, Artuklular, Ahlatşahlar, Eratna Devleti, Saltuks, Mengüceks, Danisments, Ahlatşah, Eratna State, Eğitim, SOCIAL SCIENCES::Social sciences::Education, Eğitim Kurumları, Educational Institutions
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Gönüler, H. (2008). Doğu Anadolu Türk Devletleri'nde eğitim ve eğitim müesseseleri. (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Selçuk Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Konya.
