İslâm Hukukunda hükümlere tesiri bakımından bedensel engel
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2010
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
İslâm dini müsamahalı ve kolaylaştırıcı bir dindir. Bu yüzden İslâm hukukundaki hükümler, güç ve takatleri farklı olan mükelleflerin durumuna ve onların içinde bulundukları şartlara göre değişebilmektedir. Allah insanlara güç yetirebilecekleri hatta güçlerinin altında sorumluluklar yüklemektedir. Allah hiçbir zaman insanı gücünün son sınırına kadar zorlamaz, sıkıntıya sokmaz ve ona meşakkat vermez. Bedensel engel de hükümlerde değişiklik ve kolaylığa sebep olan durumlardandır. Mükellef olan bedensel engelliler için, bulundukları özel durumlarından dolayı küllî hükümlerden istisna yapılarak daha kolay hükümler verilmektedir. Araştırmanın konusu İslâm hukukunda hükümlere tesiri bakımından bedensel engeldir. Araştırmanın esasını klasik fıkıh kitaplarında geçen içtihat, görüş ve çözümler oluşturması sebebiyle, önce İslâm hukukunun ilk kaynaklarına müracaat edilerek, konuyla ilgili veriler toplanmıştır. Daha sonra çağdaş, İslâm hukuku ve diğer alanlardaki ilgili çalışmalar incelenip bedensel engelliler hakkında bilgilere ulaşılmıştır. Bu bilgiler incelenerek yeniden tasnif edilip, analiz ve senteze tâbî tutularak yorumlanıp, değerlendirilip ve anlamlı bilgiler bütünü haline getirilerek, isabetli görüşlere ulaşılmaya çalışıldı. Bu araştırmanın amacı, İslâm hukukundaki bedensel engelliler ile ilgili hükümleri Hanefî, Şâfiî, Mâlikî ve Hanbelî mezheplerine göre bir araya getirerek bedensel engelin İslâm hukukundaki hükümler üzerindeki tesirini ve bedensel engelin İslâm hukuk sistemindeki yerini belirlemektir. Araştırmanın sonucunda bedensel engelin; görme, işitme, konuşma ve ortopedik engel şeklinde bir tasnifinin yapılabileceği, bu engellerin her birinin İslâm hukukundaki hükümlere etkisinin olduğu, bedensel engellilerin engelli olmalarından dolayı ibadetlerde, muamelâtta, münekâhatta, müfarakâtta ve ukubatta farklı hükümler verildiği ve İslâm hukukunda bedensel engellilere imtiyazlar verildiği ve onlara fırsat eşitliği sağlandığı tespit edilmiştir.
İslam is a tolerant and facilitative religion. Therefore, rulings in Islamic Law changeable with regard to abilities, difficulties and conditions of the person. Allah hold people responsible for obligations as easy as they can perform or obligations less than they can perform. Allah never holds people responsible for obligations as difficult as they can not perform and he never enforces them until their last extremes. He never makes difficulties, never distresses his own slaves. In Islamic Law one of the conditions which causes differences and easiness is physical obstacles. Obstacle people who are responsible for the Islamic rules are excepted from the general orders and they are ordered easier rulings because of their special cases. The issue of this research is physical obstacles in the way of influence of obstacles to the Islamic rules. Due to this research?s main bases are built up by classical Islamic law books, before all else the datas about the subject were gained from early Islamic law books. Afterwards, contemporary Islamic law researches and books and other researches about the subject were analyzed and arrived the conclusions about the obstacles. The obtained datas were examined once again, classified, synthetized, interpreted, evaluated and all the datas gathered up and attempted to reach appropriate thoughts. The aim of this research, to gather up Islamic rules for physical obstacles according to Hanafi, Shafi'i, Maliki, Hanbali sects, to determine the effect of physical obstacles to the Islamic rules and also to determine the point of physical obstacles in Islamic law. As a conclusion of this research these conclusions were came through: physical obstacles can be classified as seeing obstacle, hearing obstacle, mute obstacle, orthopedic obstacle, Islamic rules can be concerned and affected by each one of this obstacles, obstacle people due to their obstacles in their prayers, transactions, marriage and divorce have difference influences, affirmative action and equal opportunity provided by Islamic law for obstacle people.
İslam is a tolerant and facilitative religion. Therefore, rulings in Islamic Law changeable with regard to abilities, difficulties and conditions of the person. Allah hold people responsible for obligations as easy as they can perform or obligations less than they can perform. Allah never holds people responsible for obligations as difficult as they can not perform and he never enforces them until their last extremes. He never makes difficulties, never distresses his own slaves. In Islamic Law one of the conditions which causes differences and easiness is physical obstacles. Obstacle people who are responsible for the Islamic rules are excepted from the general orders and they are ordered easier rulings because of their special cases. The issue of this research is physical obstacles in the way of influence of obstacles to the Islamic rules. Due to this research?s main bases are built up by classical Islamic law books, before all else the datas about the subject were gained from early Islamic law books. Afterwards, contemporary Islamic law researches and books and other researches about the subject were analyzed and arrived the conclusions about the obstacles. The obtained datas were examined once again, classified, synthetized, interpreted, evaluated and all the datas gathered up and attempted to reach appropriate thoughts. The aim of this research, to gather up Islamic rules for physical obstacles according to Hanafi, Shafi'i, Maliki, Hanbali sects, to determine the effect of physical obstacles to the Islamic rules and also to determine the point of physical obstacles in Islamic law. As a conclusion of this research these conclusions were came through: physical obstacles can be classified as seeing obstacle, hearing obstacle, mute obstacle, orthopedic obstacle, Islamic rules can be concerned and affected by each one of this obstacles, obstacle people due to their obstacles in their prayers, transactions, marriage and divorce have difference influences, affirmative action and equal opportunity provided by Islamic law for obstacle people.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Bedensel engelliler, Physical handicappeds, Engelli kişiler, Disabled persons, İslam Hukuku, Islamic Law
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Özay, H. (2010). İslâm Hukukunda hükümlere tesiri bakımından bedensel engel. Selçuk Üniversitesi, Yayımlanmış doktora tezi, Konya.
