Türk Anayasa hukukunda bireysel başvuru
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Tarih
2013-09-04
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Yayıncı
Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu tez çalışmasının konusu Türk hukukunda, Anayasa Mahkemesi?ne bireysel başvurudur. Çalışmanın amacı, temel hak ve özgürlüklere, etkili bir hukuki koruma sağlaması beklenen Anayasa Mahkemesi'ne bireysel başvurunun, şartlarını ve işleyişini ortaya koyup, Türkiye için uygulanabilirliğini konusunda karşılaşılabilecek muhtemel sorunları tespit etmek ve bu sorunlar için çözüm yollarını ortaya koymaktır. Anayasa Mahkemesi'ne bireysel başvuru Türk hukukunda yeni bir kurum olduğu ve temel hak ve özgürlüklerin korunması konusunda önemli bir işleve sahip olduğu için bu tez çalışmasına konu edilmiştir. Bu tez çalışması dört ana bölümden oluşmaktadır. Çalışmanın birinci bölümünde, Anayasa Mahkemesi'ne bireysel başvurunun kavramsal çerçevesi, tarihsel süreci, temel özellikleri, niteliği, işlevi, anayasa yargısı içerindeki konumu ve karşılaştırmalı hukuktan örnekler üzerinde durulmuştur. Çalışmanın ikinci bölümde, Anayasa Mahkemesi'ne bireysel başvuru kapsamında korunan temel hak ve özgürlükler; üçüncü bölümde; Anayasa Mahkemesi'ne bireysel başvurunun esasa ve usule ilişkin şartları; dördüncü bölümde ise bireysel başvuruların Anayasa Mahkemesi'nce incelenmesi ve başvurular hakkında verilen kararlar ele alınmıştır. Tez çalışmasının konusu, Türk hukukundaki Anayasa Mahkemesi'ne bireysel başvuruyla sınırlı olduğundan, Türk hukukunda Anayasa Mahkemesi'ne bireysel başvurulara ilişkin Türkçe ve İngilizce yazılan kitap ve makaleler ile konu ile ilgili Anayasa Mahkemesi kararlarının tamamı incelenmiş ve incelenen bilimsel eserlerden ve Anayasa Mahkemesi kararlarından çalışmaya katkı sunacak olanlar, yorumlanarak çalışmada kullanılmıştır. Karşılaştırmalı hukuktan örnekler incelenirken de incelenen ülkenin pozitif hukuku ve o ülke ile ilgili ulaşılan bilimsel eserlerden yararlanılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonunda genel olarak, Türkiye'de Anayasa Mahkemesi'ne bireysel başvurunun kabul edilmesi ile temel hak ve özgürlüklere tanınan güvencenin arttığı; Anayasanın üstünlüğü ilkesinin pekiştirildiği; Türkiye'deki uygulama ile AİHM içtihatları arasındaki anlayış farkının ortadan kalkabileceği; bunun sonucunda, Türkiye?de insan hakları standardının yükseleceği; dolayısı ile AİHM'ye Türkiye aleyhine yapılan bireysel başvuruların ve verilen ihlal kararlarının sayısının önemli ölçüde azalacağı gibi olumlu sonuçlara varılmıştır. Buna karşın kurumun, Anayasa Mahkemesi'nin iş yükünü artırdığı, konu ile ilgili olarak 6216 sayılı Kanun'daki bazı düzenlemelerin Anayasa?ya aykırı olduğu, bireysel başvuruya konu temel hak ve özgürlüklerin tek tek sayılmamasının, Anayasa'nın yargı denetimi dışında bıraktığı işlemlere karşı bireysel başvuru yolunun kapatılmasının ve ihlalin Anayasa'ya aykırı bir normun uygulanmasından kaynaklanması durumunda, normun Anayasa'ya uygunluğunun denetlenememesinin isabetli tercihler olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Anayasa Mahkemesi'ne bireysel başvurunun kendisinden beklenen olumlu işlevleri yerine getirebilmesi için etkili bir başvuru yolu olması gerektiği ve Anayasa Mahkemesi'ne bunun için Anayasa Mahkemesi'nin önünde hukuken ve fiilen ciddi bir engelin bulunmadığı sonucuna varılmıştır.
The subject of this thesis is individual application to the Constitutional Court in Turkish law. The purpose of this study is to put forth of individual application to the Constitutional Court expecting to provide effective legal protection of fundamental rights and freedoms and to identify possible problems that may be encountered on the applicability to Turkey and find out the solutions to these problems. Individual applications to the Constitutional Court has been te subject of this thesis because of it is a new institution in Turkish law and has an important function in the protection of fundamental rights and freedoms. This thesis consists of four main sections. In the first part of the study has been focused on the conceptual framework, historical process, basic features, nature, function, location within the constitutional jurisdiction of individual application to the Constitutional Court and examples of comparative law. In the second section, the fundamental rights and freedoms protected by the individual application to the Constitutional Court; in the third section, the substantive and procedural requirements of individual application to the Constitutional Court; in the fourth section, examination of individual applications by the Constitutional Court and decisions on applications has been examined. Because of the subject of the thesis is limited to the individual application to the Constitutional Court in Turkish law, Turkish and English law books and articles written about individual applications to the Constitutional Court, all of the decisions of the Constitutional Court on the subject with individual applications to the Constitutional Court has been examined and of these, which will contribute to the study has been interpreted and utilized. At the end of the study, in general, have been reached some positive conclusions. These are: With the adoption of individual application to the Constitutional Court in Turkey, assurances have increased, recognizing fundamental rights and freedoms; the principle of supremacy of the constitution has been stiffened; difference between the application of Turkey and understanding of the case law of the ECHR may disappear; as a result of this, the standard of human rights may increase in Turkey; thus, the number of individual applications to the ECHR against Turkey and decisions which are about violation of human rights will significantly decrease. However, some negative conclusions have been identified. These are: With the adoption of individual application to the Constitutional Court, the Constitutional Court?s workload has increased furthermore some of regulations of the Law numbered 6216 which are relation to individual application to the Constitutional Court, are contrary to the Constitution. In addition to these,fundamental rights and freedoms which are subject to individual application is not counted one by one; against some procedures which are had left in judicial review by the Constitution the individual application to the Constitutional Court is prohibited and in case welding of the violation from an unconstitutional norm, the Constitutional Court can not examinate constitutionality of the norm but we have been identified that these are not the right choices. it was concluded that in the event of the individual application to the Constitutional Court is an effective remedy the constitutional court is able to carry out the expected positive functions and there are no a serious law and practice obstacle in front of the constitutional court to be an effective remedy of individual application.
The subject of this thesis is individual application to the Constitutional Court in Turkish law. The purpose of this study is to put forth of individual application to the Constitutional Court expecting to provide effective legal protection of fundamental rights and freedoms and to identify possible problems that may be encountered on the applicability to Turkey and find out the solutions to these problems. Individual applications to the Constitutional Court has been te subject of this thesis because of it is a new institution in Turkish law and has an important function in the protection of fundamental rights and freedoms. This thesis consists of four main sections. In the first part of the study has been focused on the conceptual framework, historical process, basic features, nature, function, location within the constitutional jurisdiction of individual application to the Constitutional Court and examples of comparative law. In the second section, the fundamental rights and freedoms protected by the individual application to the Constitutional Court; in the third section, the substantive and procedural requirements of individual application to the Constitutional Court; in the fourth section, examination of individual applications by the Constitutional Court and decisions on applications has been examined. Because of the subject of the thesis is limited to the individual application to the Constitutional Court in Turkish law, Turkish and English law books and articles written about individual applications to the Constitutional Court, all of the decisions of the Constitutional Court on the subject with individual applications to the Constitutional Court has been examined and of these, which will contribute to the study has been interpreted and utilized. At the end of the study, in general, have been reached some positive conclusions. These are: With the adoption of individual application to the Constitutional Court in Turkey, assurances have increased, recognizing fundamental rights and freedoms; the principle of supremacy of the constitution has been stiffened; difference between the application of Turkey and understanding of the case law of the ECHR may disappear; as a result of this, the standard of human rights may increase in Turkey; thus, the number of individual applications to the ECHR against Turkey and decisions which are about violation of human rights will significantly decrease. However, some negative conclusions have been identified. These are: With the adoption of individual application to the Constitutional Court, the Constitutional Court?s workload has increased furthermore some of regulations of the Law numbered 6216 which are relation to individual application to the Constitutional Court, are contrary to the Constitution. In addition to these,fundamental rights and freedoms which are subject to individual application is not counted one by one; against some procedures which are had left in judicial review by the Constitution the individual application to the Constitutional Court is prohibited and in case welding of the violation from an unconstitutional norm, the Constitutional Court can not examinate constitutionality of the norm but we have been identified that these are not the right choices. it was concluded that in the event of the individual application to the Constitutional Court is an effective remedy the constitutional court is able to carry out the expected positive functions and there are no a serious law and practice obstacle in front of the constitutional court to be an effective remedy of individual application.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Anayasa hukuku, Constitutional law, Anayasa mahkemesi, Constitutional court, Bireysel başvuru, Individual application, Türk anayasa hukuku, Turkish constitutional law
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Hamdemir, B. (2013). Türk Anayasa hukukunda bireysel başvuru. Selçuk Üniversitesi, Yayımlanmış doktora tezi, Konya.
