Ebu'l-Fadl Muhammed B. Ca'fer ek-Heravi'nin Mefahiru'ı-Makal fi'l-Mesadiri ve'l-Ef'al adlı eserinin başından 191. varağa kadar tahkiki
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2010
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Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Abstract
Bu çalışmamızda, hicrî IV. Asırda yaşamış Ebu'l-Fadl Muhammed b. Ebî Ca'fer el-Heravî (ö.329/940) hakkında bilgi vermeye ve ona ait olduğu söylenen Mef?hiru'l-Mak?l fi'l-Mes?diri ve'l-Ef'?l isimli eseri tahkik ettik. Bu eser, Arap dilinin temeli olan fiil ve onun çekimi anlamına gelen sarfla ilgili olduğu için girişte dilin mahiyetinden ve kısaca Arapça sözlüklerin tarihi seyrinden söz ettik. Kitabı te'lif ettiği söylenen, Ebu'l-Fadl Muhammed b. Ebî Ca'fer'in ilmî kişiliğini ortaya koymaya çalıştık. el-Heravî, Arap Dili ve Edebiyatı ve diğer İslamî ilimlerle ilgili yedi eser yazmıştır. Bir dilci olan el-Heravî, hadis, tefsir gibi diğer İslamî ilimler hakkında da geniş bir ilmî birikime sahiptir. Mef?hiru'l-Mak?l fi'l-Mes?diri ve'l-Ef'?l döneminin ilmî birikimiyle, son harf sistemine göre hazırlanmış, fiillerin ve masdarların babları göz önüne alınarak sınıflandırıldığı alfabetik bir sarf kitabı ve sözlüğüdür. Kitapta, öncelikle fiillerin kısımları ve onlardan elde edilen kelimeler hakkında sarf bilgisi verilmiş, daha sonra, yaygın olarak kullanılmayan garip ve anlamı fazla bilinmeyen kelimeler, sarf bablarına göre ele alınmıştır. Öncelikle kelimelerin anlamları verilmiş, akabinde eğer kelime âyet, hadis, emsal, şiir, sahabe veya tabiîn sözlerinde geçmiş ise bu duruma işaret edilmiştir. Zaman zaman, kelime zikredilmeden, kelimenin geçtiği hadîs zikredilip sonra anlamı verilmiştir. Bazı kelimeler ise yazılıp önüne ??? harfi konulmuştur. el-Heravî'ye ait oluşunda problem olmasına rağmen kitabın ilmî kriterlere uygun yazılmış ilmî bir çalışma olduğunu düşünüyoruz. Müellif kitabını te'lif ederken sistemli bir sarf usulüne göre hareket etmiş, çalışmanın başından sonuna kadar, dil ile ilgili söylediklerini dilcilerin görüşlerine dayandırarak temellendirmiştir. Kelimelere verdiği anlamlar için âyet, hadîs, şiir, mesel ve deyimlerden şahit getirmiştir. Müellifin İslamî ilimlerde büyük bir birikime sahip olduğu görülmektedir. Biz de bu çalışmayı ilmî kriterlere uygun bir şekilde tahkik etmeye çalıştık. Anlamı verilmeyen kelimelerin, özellikle klasik sözlüklerden faydalanarak manalarını zikrettik. Geçen ayetlerin, sûre ve ayet numaralarını, hadis şiir ve emsalin kaynaklardaki yerlerini tespit etmeye çalıştık. Adı geçen dilciler hakkında kısa bilgiler verdik. Ayrıca ismi geçen bazı kabile ve yerleri tanıtmaya çalıştık.
In this study, we have tried to give information about Ebu?l-Fadl Muhammed b. Ebî Ca'fer el-Heravî (d.329/940) who lived in hicr IV.th century and investigated the book Mef?hiru?l-Mak?l fi?l-Mes?diri ve?l-Ef'?l which is said to belong to him. Since this book is about the fundamentals of Arabic language, namely verbs, and morphology, namely their derivatives, we have talked about the contents of language and briefly about the historical course of Arabic words. We have tried to present the personality of Ebu?l-Fadl Muhammed b. Ebî Ca'fer, who is said to be the author of the book. el-Heravî wrote seven books about the Arabic language and literature and other Islamic sciences. As a linguist, el-Heravî has a wide range of information about other Islamic sciences such as hadith and translation. Mef?hiru?l-Mak?l fi?l-Mes?diri ve?l-Ef'?l is a alphabetical morphology book and dictionary designed according to the latest alphabetical order in which verbs and infinitives are classified in terms of their babs. In the book, firstly sarf information about the verb parts and words formed from them is given, then strange words which are not commonly used and the words whose meaning are not known widely are handled. First of all, the definitions of the words are given, then if the words are used in a verse, hadith, proverbs, poem, in a speech by sahabe or tabaain, this is indicated in the book. From time to time, without describing the word itself, the hadith in which the word is used is told and then its meaning is given. Some words are written and the letter ??? is added before them. Although there is a problem whether it belongs to el-Heravî or not, we think that it is a scientific book written according to scientific criteria. The author of the book wrote his book according to a systematic morphology pattern, and from the beginning to the end of the book, he based his linguistic ideas on the linguists? views. Fort the meanings he gave to the words, he took evidence from verse, hadith, poem, proverbs and idioms. It is seen that the author has a tremendous knowledge in Islamic sciences. We also have tried to investigate the book in a scientific manner. We told about the words whose meanings were not given by using classic words. We have tried to detect the verse numbers of verses and the places of hadith, poem and proverbs. We have given brief information about the mentioned linguists. In addition, we have tried to explain the mentioned tribes and their places.
In this study, we have tried to give information about Ebu?l-Fadl Muhammed b. Ebî Ca'fer el-Heravî (d.329/940) who lived in hicr IV.th century and investigated the book Mef?hiru?l-Mak?l fi?l-Mes?diri ve?l-Ef'?l which is said to belong to him. Since this book is about the fundamentals of Arabic language, namely verbs, and morphology, namely their derivatives, we have talked about the contents of language and briefly about the historical course of Arabic words. We have tried to present the personality of Ebu?l-Fadl Muhammed b. Ebî Ca'fer, who is said to be the author of the book. el-Heravî wrote seven books about the Arabic language and literature and other Islamic sciences. As a linguist, el-Heravî has a wide range of information about other Islamic sciences such as hadith and translation. Mef?hiru?l-Mak?l fi?l-Mes?diri ve?l-Ef'?l is a alphabetical morphology book and dictionary designed according to the latest alphabetical order in which verbs and infinitives are classified in terms of their babs. In the book, firstly sarf information about the verb parts and words formed from them is given, then strange words which are not commonly used and the words whose meaning are not known widely are handled. First of all, the definitions of the words are given, then if the words are used in a verse, hadith, proverbs, poem, in a speech by sahabe or tabaain, this is indicated in the book. From time to time, without describing the word itself, the hadith in which the word is used is told and then its meaning is given. Some words are written and the letter ??? is added before them. Although there is a problem whether it belongs to el-Heravî or not, we think that it is a scientific book written according to scientific criteria. The author of the book wrote his book according to a systematic morphology pattern, and from the beginning to the end of the book, he based his linguistic ideas on the linguists? views. Fort the meanings he gave to the words, he took evidence from verse, hadith, poem, proverbs and idioms. It is seen that the author has a tremendous knowledge in Islamic sciences. We also have tried to investigate the book in a scientific manner. We told about the words whose meanings were not given by using classic words. We have tried to detect the verse numbers of verses and the places of hadith, poem and proverbs. We have given brief information about the mentioned linguists. In addition, we have tried to explain the mentioned tribes and their places.
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Arap Edebiyatı, Arabian literature, Ebu'l-Fazl Muhammed bin Ca'fer el-Herevi, Mefahıru'l-Makal fi'l-Mesadiri ve'l-Ef'al
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Polat, H. (2010). Ebu'l-Fadl Muhammed B. Ca'fer ek-Heravi'nin Mefahiru'ı-Makal fi'l-Mesadiri ve'l-Ef'al adlı eserinin başından 191. varağa kadar tahkiki. Selçuk Üniversitesi, Yayımlanmış doktora tezi, Konya.
