0-24 ay arasında bebeği olan annelerin emzirme ve süt çocuğu beslenmesi konusundaki uygulamalarının incelenmesi
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Tarih
2019
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu araştırma 0-24 ay arasında bebeği olan annelerin emzirme ve süt çocuğu beslenmesi konusundaki uygulamalarının belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırma nitel araştırma türlerinden olgu bilim deseni kapsamında yürütülmüştür. Araştırma kapsamında amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden maksimum çeşitlilik örneklemesi kullanılmış olup, araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 0- 24 ay arası bebeği olan 150 anne oluşturmuştur. Araştırma kapsamında annelerin emzirme ve süt çocuğu beslenmesi konusundaki uygulamalarının belirlenebilmesi amacıyla açık uçlu sorulardan oluşan yarı- yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Görüşmeler esnasında elde edilen ham veriler, içerik analizi tekniği ile çözümlenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda, annelerin yarısından fazlasının (%62.7) doğumdan sonra bebeklerine ilk besin olarak anne sütü verdikleri, annelerin %32.9'unun sağlıklı bir besin olması nedeniyle bebeklerine ilk besin olarak anne sütü vermeyi tercih ettikleri belirlenmiştir. Bunun yanında annelerin bir kısmının doğumdan sonra bebeklerine ilk besin olarak formül mama ve şekerli su, zemzem, hurma ve yoğurt gibi besinlerden de verdikleri saptanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, annelerin %28.0'ının bebeklerini doğumdan sonraki ilk yarım saat içinde emzirdikleri, yarısına yakınının (%47.3) bebeklerini istedikçe (ağladıkça) emzirdikleri belirlenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda, annelerin bir çoğunluğu (%68.0) sütünü yeterli olarak algılarken, %32'si ise sütünün yeterli olmadığını ifade etmiştir. Sütünün yeterli olmadığını ifade eden annelerin %35.4'ü bebeğinin az emmesinden dolayı sütünün yetersiz olduğunu belirtmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, annelerin %30.0'ı sütünün yeterli olmasını bebeğin emzirildikten sonra ağlama durumu ile anladıklarını ifade ederken; annelerin %36.7'sinin sütünün artması için su tükettiği saptanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda, annelerin büyük bir kısmının (%97.3) emzirme esnasında bebeğinin pozisyonuna dikkat ettiği; söz konusu annelerin bir çoğunluğunun (%65.8) bebeklerini emzirirken bebeklerini kucaklarında yan tutmaya ve bebeklerinin burnunun açık olmasına dikkat ettikleri saptanmıştır. Bunun yanında annelerin büyük çoğunluğunun (%92.7) bebeğini emzirirken meme başı temizliğine dikkat ettiği, meme başı temizliğine dikkat eden annelerin %28.1'inin meme başını steril bir bezle sildiği belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca araştırma sonucunda, annelerin yarısından fazlası (%53.3) anne ve bebeğin sağlık sorunları olması durumunda anne sütünün bebeğe sağılıp verilebileceğini belirmişlerdir. Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda, annelerin %70.0 gibi bir çoğunluğunun bebeklerini halen daha emzirdikleri, bebeklerini emzirmeyen annelerin yarısına yakınının (%46.7) 7-13 aylar arasına kadar bebeklerini emzirdikleri belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca annelerin yarısına yakınının (%42.2) sütünün kesilmesi nedeniyle emzirmeyi bıraktıkları saptanırken, annelerin çoğunluğunun (% 77.3) 19-25 ay arasına kadar emzirmeyi düşündükleri belirlenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda annelerin yarısından fazlasının (%53.4) ilk 6 ay bebeklerini sadece anne sütü ile besledikleri, bunun yanında annelerin %45.2'sinin sadece anne sütü verme oranının 6 aydan kısa olduğu dikkati çekmektedir. Bunun yanında annelerin yarısından fazlasının (%54.7) bebeklerine emzik vermedikleri, annelerin bir kısmının ise (%45.3) bebeklerine emzik verdikleri saptanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, %66.7'sinin bebeğine sadece anne sütü verirken su verdiği, %33.3'ünün ise bebeğine sadece anne sütü verirken su vermediği belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda, annelerin çoğunluğunun (%72.0) bebeğini anne sütü ile beslerken ek olarak vitamin/mineral verdikleri, bu annelerin büyük bir çoğunluğunun (%93.5) bebeklerine ek olarak D vitamini ve kan ilacı verdikleri belirlenmiştir. Bunun yanında annelerin yarısından fazlasının (%66) anne sütü dışında bebeğine herhangi bir besin vermeye 6.ayda başladıkları, bunun yanında annelerin %34.1'nin tamamlayıcı besine/ ekgıdaya ilk altı aydan önce başladıkları belirlenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, anneler tarafından en çok tercih edilen tamamlayıcı besinlerin yoğurt (530P), çorba (470P), meyve püresi (394P) olduğu saptanırken, annelerin %34.0'ının tamamlayıcı besinlerde alerjik reaksiyonlara karşı bebeklerine alerji yapan besini vermedikleri, annelerin %34.0'ı tarafından ise, tamamlayıcı besinlerde alerjik reaksiyonlara karşı herhangi bir önlem alınmadığı belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda, annelerin yarıdan fazlasının (%56.0) tamamlayıcı besinleri/ ek gıdaları bebeklerine kaşıkla verdikleri, annelerin %38.0'ının tamamlayıcı besinleri blender kullanarak hazırladığı saptanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, annelerin %64.7 gibi bir çoğunluğunun tamamlayıcı besinleri/ ekgıdaları gün içerisinde üç ana öğünde verdikleri, annelerin yarıdan fazlasının (%52.0) ek gıdaya geçtiğinde anne sütü verme sıklığının azaldığı belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda, annelerin çoğunluğunun (%75.3) ilk bir yıl içinde bebeklerine vermedikleri besinler bulunduğu, annelerin sadece %29.2'sinin ilk bir yıl içinde bebeklerine bal verilmediği, bu durumda ise, ilk bir yıl içinde bu besinlerin alerji yapacağı düşüncesinin olduğu dikkati çekmektedir.
This research was conducted to determine the practices of on breastfeeding and infant feeding of mothers with babies between 0-24 months. The research was carried out within the scope of the case science pattern, one of the qualitative research types. In the research, maximum diversity sampling of the sampling methods was used and the study group consisted of 150 mothers with a baby between 0 and 24 months. In this study, a semi-structured interview form consisting of open-ended questions was used in order to determine the application of mothers on breastfeeding and infant feeding. The raw data obtained during the interviews were analyzed with content analysis technique. According to the results of the study, it was determined that more than half of the mothers (62.7%) gave breast milk as the first food to their babies after the birth, 32.9% of mothers preferred to give breast milk as the first food to their babies because of being a healthy food. In addition, some of the mothers give after the birth as the first food to babies, formula food and sugary water, zemzem, palm and yogurt. As a result of the study, 28.0% of mothers breastfed their babies in the first half hour after birth, close to half of mothers (47.3%) were breastfed their babies when they want (cried). According to the findings, while most mothers (68.0%) perceive their milk as sufficient, 32.0% stated that their milk was not sufficient. 35.4% of the mothers who stated that their milk was not sufficient stated that their milk was insufficient due to their baby suckling. At the end of the study, 30.0% of the mothers stated that they understood that the milk was sufficient with crying after the breastfeeding; 36.7% of the mothers consumed water to increase milk. According to the findings, it was found that the majority of the mothers (97.3%) paid attention to the position of their baby during breastfeeding and it was determined that the majority of these mothers (65.8%) kept their babies on their lap and breastfed their babies while their nose is open. Besides that, it was determined that the majority of the mothers (92.7%) paid attention to nipple cleaning while breastfeeding their babies, and 28.1% of the mothers who care for nipple cleaning wiped the nipple with a sterile cloth. In addition, more than half of mothers (53.3%) stated that breastmilk can be given to the baby in case of mother and baby having health problems. According to the findings, it was determined 70.0% of the mothers were still breastfeeding their babies while close to half of mothers who did not breastfeed their babies (46.7%) breastfed their babies until 7-13 months. In addition, it was determined that close to half of mothers (42.2%) stopped breastfeeding due to the discontinuation of their milk, while the majority of the mothers (77.3%) considered breastfeeding between 19-25 months. According to the findings of the study, it was noted that more than half of mothers (53.4%) fed their babies only with breast milk during the first 6 months, while the rates of mothers (45.2%) had only breastfeeding less than six months. Besides that, it was found that more than half of mothers (54.7%) did not give pacifiers to their babies while some of the mothers gave babies (45.3%) pacifiers. As a result of the study, it was determined that 66.7% of the mothers gave water only while giving breast milk and some 33.3% of the mothers did not give water while giving breast milk. According to the findings, it was determined that the majority of the mothers (72.0%) gave supplemental vitamin/ mineral while feeding their baby with breast milk, while the majority of the mothers (93.5%) gave vitamin D and blood drugs in addition to their babies. Besides that, the findings obtained from the study, more than half of the mothers (66.0%) started to give any food to their babies outside the mother's milk at 6th month, it was determined that while 34.1% of the mothers started complementary food / addiction before the first six months. At the end of the research, yogurt (530P), soup (470P), fruit puree (394P) were found to be the most preferred complementary foods by mothers, while 34.0% of the mothers did not provide complementary foods to their babies against allergic reactions and 34.0% of the mothers did not take any measures against allergic reactions in complementary foods. According to the findings, it was determined that more than half of mothers (56.0%) gave supplementary foods / supplements to their babies with a spoon while 38.0% of the mothers give complementary nutrients by using a blender. As a result of the study, it was determined that 64.7% of the mothers gave supplementary nutrients / supplements in three main meals during the day, while more than half of mothers (52.0%) decreased the frequency of breastfeeding when they switched to supplementary food. According to the findings, it was found that there are some foods that had not given to the babies in the first year by majority of the mothers (75.3%) and it is noted that %29.2 mothers only do not give honey to their babies in the first year and in this case, it is thought that these nutrients will cause allergies in the first year.
This research was conducted to determine the practices of on breastfeeding and infant feeding of mothers with babies between 0-24 months. The research was carried out within the scope of the case science pattern, one of the qualitative research types. In the research, maximum diversity sampling of the sampling methods was used and the study group consisted of 150 mothers with a baby between 0 and 24 months. In this study, a semi-structured interview form consisting of open-ended questions was used in order to determine the application of mothers on breastfeeding and infant feeding. The raw data obtained during the interviews were analyzed with content analysis technique. According to the results of the study, it was determined that more than half of the mothers (62.7%) gave breast milk as the first food to their babies after the birth, 32.9% of mothers preferred to give breast milk as the first food to their babies because of being a healthy food. In addition, some of the mothers give after the birth as the first food to babies, formula food and sugary water, zemzem, palm and yogurt. As a result of the study, 28.0% of mothers breastfed their babies in the first half hour after birth, close to half of mothers (47.3%) were breastfed their babies when they want (cried). According to the findings, while most mothers (68.0%) perceive their milk as sufficient, 32.0% stated that their milk was not sufficient. 35.4% of the mothers who stated that their milk was not sufficient stated that their milk was insufficient due to their baby suckling. At the end of the study, 30.0% of the mothers stated that they understood that the milk was sufficient with crying after the breastfeeding; 36.7% of the mothers consumed water to increase milk. According to the findings, it was found that the majority of the mothers (97.3%) paid attention to the position of their baby during breastfeeding and it was determined that the majority of these mothers (65.8%) kept their babies on their lap and breastfed their babies while their nose is open. Besides that, it was determined that the majority of the mothers (92.7%) paid attention to nipple cleaning while breastfeeding their babies, and 28.1% of the mothers who care for nipple cleaning wiped the nipple with a sterile cloth. In addition, more than half of mothers (53.3%) stated that breastmilk can be given to the baby in case of mother and baby having health problems. According to the findings, it was determined 70.0% of the mothers were still breastfeeding their babies while close to half of mothers who did not breastfeed their babies (46.7%) breastfed their babies until 7-13 months. In addition, it was determined that close to half of mothers (42.2%) stopped breastfeeding due to the discontinuation of their milk, while the majority of the mothers (77.3%) considered breastfeeding between 19-25 months. According to the findings of the study, it was noted that more than half of mothers (53.4%) fed their babies only with breast milk during the first 6 months, while the rates of mothers (45.2%) had only breastfeeding less than six months. Besides that, it was found that more than half of mothers (54.7%) did not give pacifiers to their babies while some of the mothers gave babies (45.3%) pacifiers. As a result of the study, it was determined that 66.7% of the mothers gave water only while giving breast milk and some 33.3% of the mothers did not give water while giving breast milk. According to the findings, it was determined that the majority of the mothers (72.0%) gave supplemental vitamin/ mineral while feeding their baby with breast milk, while the majority of the mothers (93.5%) gave vitamin D and blood drugs in addition to their babies. Besides that, the findings obtained from the study, more than half of the mothers (66.0%) started to give any food to their babies outside the mother's milk at 6th month, it was determined that while 34.1% of the mothers started complementary food / addiction before the first six months. At the end of the research, yogurt (530P), soup (470P), fruit puree (394P) were found to be the most preferred complementary foods by mothers, while 34.0% of the mothers did not provide complementary foods to their babies against allergic reactions and 34.0% of the mothers did not take any measures against allergic reactions in complementary foods. According to the findings, it was determined that more than half of mothers (56.0%) gave supplementary foods / supplements to their babies with a spoon while 38.0% of the mothers give complementary nutrients by using a blender. As a result of the study, it was determined that 64.7% of the mothers gave supplementary nutrients / supplements in three main meals during the day, while more than half of mothers (52.0%) decreased the frequency of breastfeeding when they switched to supplementary food. According to the findings, it was found that there are some foods that had not given to the babies in the first year by majority of the mothers (75.3%) and it is noted that %29.2 mothers only do not give honey to their babies in the first year and in this case, it is thought that these nutrients will cause allergies in the first year.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Anne sütü, Tamamlayıcı beslenme, Breastfeeding, Complementary Feeding
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Türker, T. (2019). 0-24 Ay Arasında Bebeği Olan Annelerin Emzirme ve Süt Çocuğu Beslenmesi Konusundaki Uygulamalarının İncelenmesi. (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Selçuk Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Konya.
