Fiyatları etkileme suçu (TCK m. 237)
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2015
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Ekonomi, sanayi, ticarete ilişkin suçlar bölümünde, 237. maddede düzenlenen fi- yatları etkileme suçu 3 fıkra halinde hükme bağlanmıştır. Yer aldığı bölümden de anla- şılacağı gibi söz konusu suç, ekonomik suç niteliği taşımaktadır. Temel şeklinde soyut tehlike suçu olarak düzenlenmiştir. Ancak fiilin işlenmesi sonucunda besin veya mal- ların değerlerinin veya işçi ücretlerinin artıp eksilmesi netice sebebiyle ağırlaşan suç olarak 2. fıkrada hükme bağlanmıştır. Bununla beraber suçun soyut tehlike suçu mu yoksa somut tehlike suçu mu olduğu ve belirtilen neticelerin netice sebebiyle ağırlaşan suç mu yoksa nitelikli hal mi olduğu noktasında doktrinde tartışmalar yaşanmaktadır. Ayrıca toplu iş sözleşmesiyle belirlenen işçi ücretlerinin etkilenmesinin mümkün olup olmadığı ve bunun maddenin uygulama alanına girip girmediği konusunda da sorun bulunmaktadır. Maddenin 3. fıkrasında ise suçun nitelikli haline yer verilmiştir. Suçu işleyen kişinin ruhsatlı simsar veya borsa tellalı olması cezanın daha fazla verilmesini gerektiren bir hal olarak düzenlenmiştir. Manevi unsur yönünden kasten işlenebilen bir suç olan fiyatları etkileme suçunun ayrıca belirli amaçla işlenmesi de gerekmekte- dir. Yaptırım olarak da hapis cezası ve adli para cezasının birlikte uygulanması kabul edilmiştir. Ancak uygulanacak adli para cezasının miktarına (gün belirlemesine) ilişkin bir düzenleme 237. maddede yer almamaktadır. Çalışmada yukarıda belirtilen içerikleri kapsayan suçun unsurlarına, nitelikli haline, netice sebebiyle ağırlaşmış şekline ve suçun özel görünüş şekillerine değinilecek, ama öncesinde suçun ekonomik suç olması nedeniyle ekonomik suç kavramına ve tarihi gelişime açıklık getirilecektir.
Impact on price rates crime is regulated in the section concerning economy, in- dustry and trade-related offenses in article 237 of the Turkish Criminal Code as three paragraphs. As the section also implies, the aforementioned crime possesses the characteristics of an economic crime. At its basic form, it is regulated as an abstract endangering offense. However, to increase and decrease the value of food or goods or the workers’ wages as a result of the act is regulated as the offense aggravated by virtue of result in the second paragraph. At the same time, there are doctrinal discussions whether this crime is an abstract or a concrete endangering offense and whether mentioned results above constitute offense aggravated by virtue of result or a qualified crime. In addition, there is an issue of the possibility to affect worker wages which are determined with collective labor agreements and in this case it is also discussed whether the article is applicable or not. In the third paragraph of the article the qualified version of the crime is regulated. If the perpetrator is a licensed broker or a stockbroker, the punishment is regulated stiffer. Affecting price rates crime which may be committed intentionally in terms of moral crime and the act has to be directed towards a certain purpose. As sanctions, the simultaneous application of im- prisonment and criminal fines are accepted. However, there isn’t a regulation relating to the amount of criminal fines, which shall be applied in the scope of article 237. In this study, within the framework of the defined contents above the elements of the crime, the qualified version of the crime, offense aggravated by virtue of result and the specific facets of the crime in the framework of the above mentioned content will be analyzed, but beforehand, because of the economic structure of the crime the economic crime concept and its historical development will be clarified.
Impact on price rates crime is regulated in the section concerning economy, in- dustry and trade-related offenses in article 237 of the Turkish Criminal Code as three paragraphs. As the section also implies, the aforementioned crime possesses the characteristics of an economic crime. At its basic form, it is regulated as an abstract endangering offense. However, to increase and decrease the value of food or goods or the workers’ wages as a result of the act is regulated as the offense aggravated by virtue of result in the second paragraph. At the same time, there are doctrinal discussions whether this crime is an abstract or a concrete endangering offense and whether mentioned results above constitute offense aggravated by virtue of result or a qualified crime. In addition, there is an issue of the possibility to affect worker wages which are determined with collective labor agreements and in this case it is also discussed whether the article is applicable or not. In the third paragraph of the article the qualified version of the crime is regulated. If the perpetrator is a licensed broker or a stockbroker, the punishment is regulated stiffer. Affecting price rates crime which may be committed intentionally in terms of moral crime and the act has to be directed towards a certain purpose. As sanctions, the simultaneous application of im- prisonment and criminal fines are accepted. However, there isn’t a regulation relating to the amount of criminal fines, which shall be applied in the scope of article 237. In this study, within the framework of the defined contents above the elements of the crime, the qualified version of the crime, offense aggravated by virtue of result and the specific facets of the crime in the framework of the above mentioned content will be analyzed, but beforehand, because of the economic structure of the crime the economic crime concept and its historical development will be clarified.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Hukuk
Kaynak
Türkiye Adalet Akademisi Dergisi
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
0
Sayı
20
