İneklerde gebeliğin erken dönemlerinde oluşan mastitislerin gebeliğin sürdürülmesi üzerine etkisi ve tespit edilen etkenlerin antibiyotik duyarlılıklarının araştırılması
Yükleniyor...
Dosyalar
Tarih
2012
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Selçuk Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışmada modifiye ovsynch senkronizasyon programı uygulanarak senkronize edilen ineklerde, mümkün olduğunca diğer olumsuz faktörleri ortadan kaldırarak, mastitisin gebelik üzerindeki etkisini araştırmak amaçlandı. Çalışmada materyal olarak, yaşları 2 ? 4 olan ve reprodüktif problemi olmayan, dengeli ve yeterli rasyon ile beslenen, açık sistemde yetiştirilen ve günde iki kez sağım uygulanan 150 adet Holstayn ırkı inek kullanıldı. Çalışmaya alınan hayvanlar, postpartum 40 ? 80. günler arasında idi. Bu hayvanlar senkronize edildi ve daha sonra tohumlandı. İneklerin gebelikleri, tohumlama sonrası 30. günde ultrason ile teşhis edildi. Bu muayene sonrası 102 baş ineğin gebe olduğu belirlendi ve izleyen muayeneler gebe olan ineklerde gerçekleştirildi. Gebe guruplar her 20 günde bir rektal muayene ile gebeliğin devamlılığının takibi amacıyla kontrol edildi. Gebe hayvanlar 20 gün ara ile mastitis yönünden kontrol edildi. Gebelik sağlandıktan sonra kontrol süresi 3 ay olarak uygulandı. İlk muayenede gebe olan ineklerin süt numunelerinin kontrollerinde 30. günde %1, 50. günde %10, 70. günde %11 ve 90. günde %1 mastitis olgusu tespit edildi. Gebelik oranları incelendiğinde, 30. gündeki muayenede %100 (çalışmaya başlanılan ineklerin tamamı), 50. gündeki muayenede %98, 70. gündeki muayenede %94 ve 90. gündeki muayenede %94 oranlarında gebeliğin sürdüğü tespit edildi. Çalışmada, 23 mastitisli ineğe ait sütlerin mikrobiyolojik incelenmesinde 30 (%90,9) örnekten bakteriyel etken izole edilirken, 3 (% 9,1) örnekten herhangi bir bakteriyel etken izolasyonu yapılamadı. Mastitisli sütlerin 22'sinde stafilokok (Staf. aureus + KNS), 3'ünde streptokoklar ve 5'inde enterobakterler izole edildi. Çalışılan numunelerin antibiyotik duyarlılık sonuçları incelendiğinde, ß-laktam grubu antibiyotiklerle yapılan deneylerde 22 stafilokok suşunun 9'unun (% 40,91) Amoksisiline, 1'inin (% 4,55) Amoksisilin-Klavulonik asite, 14'ünün (%63,64) Penisiline, 3'ünün (%13,64) Enrofloksasiline dirençli ve ayrıca suşlarının tamamının Vankomisine duyarlı olduğu belirlendi. Sonuç olarak, yapılan bu çalışmada, gebeliğin ilk 45 günlük döneminde (embriyonal dönem) mastitisin gebe kalma oranına istatistiksel olarak anlam ifade edecek bir etkisinin olmadığı (p>0,05), bununla birlikte fötal dönemde (Gebeliğin 45 günden sonraki dönemi) oluşan mastitisin gebeliğin korunması üzerine olumsuz etkisinin olduğu (p<0,002) ve 22 inekten 5 tanesinde (%22,72) gebeliğin devam etmediği tespit edildi. Sunulan çalışmada, embriyonik dönemde oluşan mastitisin gebeliğin sürdürülmesi üzerine olumsuz etkisinin olduğu kanısına varılmıştır (p<0,002).
In this study, on the cows that were synchronized by appliying ovsynch synchronization program, by eliminating the other negative factors as far as possible, we aimed to examine the effect of mastitis on pregnancy. In the study, as the material, 150 Holstein breed of cows were used, those were between ages 2 to 4 and have non-reproductive problems, fed with a balanced and adequate diet, grown in open-system and made twice a day milking. These animals which taken to study were between 40-80 post partum days. The animals were synchronized and inseminated later. Pregnancy of cows were diagnosed by ultrasound after 30th day of insemination. After this diagnose we determined 102 pregnant cows and following diagnoses were done on these pregnant cows. 30. day of pregnancy was checked by ultrasound. In order to follow the continuity of pregnancy, pregnant cows were controlled by rectal examination after every 20 days. Pregnant animals were checked for mastitis after each 20 days. After providing the duration of pregnancy, 3 months were controls. In the control of pregnant cows? milk, mastitis cases were determined as 1% after 30th day, 10% after 50th day, 11% after 70th day, 1% after 90th day. When the rate of pregnancy were examined, the continuity of pregnancy rate was obtained as 100% after 30th day, 98% after 50th day, 94% after 70th day and 94% after 90th day. In this study, in the microbiological examination of milk, which are belong to 23 cows with mastitis, while isolating bacterial factor from 30(90.9%) samples, any bacterial factor isolation couldn?t be done from 3(9.1%) samples. In the 22 of mastitis milks stafilokok (Staf. aureus +KNS), in the three streptokoks and in the 5 enterobacter were isolated. When the antibiotic susceptibility results of studied samples were examined, in the experiments, which done by B* laktam group antibiotics, 9(40,91%) of 22 staphylococci strains resistant to Amoxicillin 1(4,55%) of them resistant to Amoxicillin-Clavulanate acid, 14(63,64) of them resistant to Penicilin, 3(13,64) resistant to Enrofloksasill, besides we determined that all strains were sensitive to Vancomycin. As a result, in this study we can see that, in the first 45 days of pregnancy, (the embryonic period) mastitis doesn?t have statistically meaningful effect to the pregnancy rate(p>0.05), in edition to this, in the fetal period (a period of pregnancy after 45 days) mastitis has negative impact on the protection and continuity of pregnancy and in the 5 of 22 cows (22,72%) non-continuing pregnancy was detected. In the presented study, those results was concluded; mastitis of the embryonic period may have negative impact upon the continuity of pregnancy.(p<0,002).
In this study, on the cows that were synchronized by appliying ovsynch synchronization program, by eliminating the other negative factors as far as possible, we aimed to examine the effect of mastitis on pregnancy. In the study, as the material, 150 Holstein breed of cows were used, those were between ages 2 to 4 and have non-reproductive problems, fed with a balanced and adequate diet, grown in open-system and made twice a day milking. These animals which taken to study were between 40-80 post partum days. The animals were synchronized and inseminated later. Pregnancy of cows were diagnosed by ultrasound after 30th day of insemination. After this diagnose we determined 102 pregnant cows and following diagnoses were done on these pregnant cows. 30. day of pregnancy was checked by ultrasound. In order to follow the continuity of pregnancy, pregnant cows were controlled by rectal examination after every 20 days. Pregnant animals were checked for mastitis after each 20 days. After providing the duration of pregnancy, 3 months were controls. In the control of pregnant cows? milk, mastitis cases were determined as 1% after 30th day, 10% after 50th day, 11% after 70th day, 1% after 90th day. When the rate of pregnancy were examined, the continuity of pregnancy rate was obtained as 100% after 30th day, 98% after 50th day, 94% after 70th day and 94% after 90th day. In this study, in the microbiological examination of milk, which are belong to 23 cows with mastitis, while isolating bacterial factor from 30(90.9%) samples, any bacterial factor isolation couldn?t be done from 3(9.1%) samples. In the 22 of mastitis milks stafilokok (Staf. aureus +KNS), in the three streptokoks and in the 5 enterobacter were isolated. When the antibiotic susceptibility results of studied samples were examined, in the experiments, which done by B* laktam group antibiotics, 9(40,91%) of 22 staphylococci strains resistant to Amoxicillin 1(4,55%) of them resistant to Amoxicillin-Clavulanate acid, 14(63,64) of them resistant to Penicilin, 3(13,64) resistant to Enrofloksasill, besides we determined that all strains were sensitive to Vancomycin. As a result, in this study we can see that, in the first 45 days of pregnancy, (the embryonic period) mastitis doesn?t have statistically meaningful effect to the pregnancy rate(p>0.05), in edition to this, in the fetal period (a period of pregnancy after 45 days) mastitis has negative impact on the protection and continuity of pregnancy and in the 5 of 22 cows (22,72%) non-continuing pregnancy was detected. In the presented study, those results was concluded; mastitis of the embryonic period may have negative impact upon the continuity of pregnancy.(p<0,002).
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Antibiyogram, Embriyonal dönem, Fötal dönem, İnek, Mastitis, Antibiogram, Cow, Embryonic period, Fetal period
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Ayanaoğlu, K. (2012). İneklerde gebeliğin erken dönemlerinde oluşan mastitislerin gebeliğin sürdürülmesi üzerine etkisi ve tespit edilen etkenlerin antibiyotik duyarlılıklarının araştırılması. Selçuk Üniversitesi, Yayımlanmış doktora tezi, Konya.
