Mikrobiyel inokulant ile hazırlanan yonca silajının süt ineklerinde süt verimi ve bileşimi ile inokulasyonun silaj kalitesi üzerine etkisi
Yükleniyor...
Dosyalar
Tarih
1998
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Selçuk Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Mikrobiyel İnokulant ile hazırlanan yonca silajının süt ineklerinde süt verimi ve bileşimi ile değişik katkı maddeleri ile birlikte inokulasyon uygulamalarının silaj besin maddeleri ve bazı silaj kalitesi özellikleri üzerine etkilerinin incelenmesi amacıyla planlanan bu çalışma iki deneme halinde yürütülmüştür. Deneme l'de 4'ü inokulantsız olmak üzere toplam 8 adet silaj grubu 2x4 faktöriyel deneme düzenine göre oluşturulmuş ve her bir silaj grubu için 5'er adet laboratuvar silosu kullanılmıştır. Laboratuvar silosu olarak, yaklaşık 4 kg taze silaj materyali alabilen pet kavanozlardan yararlanılmıştır. Yem katkısı olarak %5 melas, %5 arpa, %1.5 tuz katılmış, inokulantlı gruplarda ise bu katkılara ilaveten her bir silaja yaklaşık Ixl05 colony forming units (cfu) /g/yem düzeyinde Lactobacillus plantarum ve Streptococcus faecium 'dan oluşan bakteri kültürü (Pioneer 1174) ilave edilmiştir. Silolar aynı ortamda 240 gün kapalı tutulduktan sonra açılmıştır. Katkı maddeleri incelenen tüm parametreler üzerinde etkili olmuştur (PO.001). Buna karşılık İnokulant ilavesi KM, HS, NDF, pH, KM kaybı değerleri üzerine etkili olurken HP, ADF ve HK değerlerinde etkisi görülmemiştir. Silajların pH'sı ve HP miktarları yaş örneklerde belirlenirken; HS, NDF, ADF ve HK değerleri kurutulmuş numunelerde tespit edilmiştir. Genel ortalama KM düzeyleri inokulant ilaveli grupta %24.70; inokulantsız grupta ise %23.50 olarak belirlenmiştir (P<0.001). Genel ortalama HP değerleri inokulant katkılı grupta (% 18.55) ve katkısız grupta (% 18.66) benzer bulunmuştur (P>0.05). İnokulantsız (%30.42) ve inokulantlı (%29.24) gruplar arası genel ortalama HS değerleri önemli düzeyde farklı bulunurken, arpa ve arpa + inokulant ilaveli gruplar arasındaki farklılığın da önemli düzeyde (P<0.01) olduğu tespit edilmiştir. NDF değerleri katkısız ve inokulant katkılı grup genel ortalamaları olarak %48.26 ve %47.59 olarak farklı düzeylerde belirlenmiştir. İnokulant ilavesi silaj ADF ve HK değerlerinde etkisiz kalmıştır (P>0.05). İnokulant ilavesinin pH ve kuru madde kaybı değerlerine etkisi önemli bulunmuştur (PO.001). pH ve kuru madde kaybı değerleri katkısız ve inokulant katkılı grup genel ortlamalarında sırasıyla 4.88, 4.69; % 17.06 ve % 12. 14 olarak belirlenmiştir. Araştırmanın 2. denemesinde mikrobiyel inokulant ilave edilerek hazırlanan yonca silajmın süt ineklerinde süt verimi ve bileşimi ile silaj tüketimi üzerine etkileri incelenmiştir. Denemede 20 adet Esmer ırk süt ineği her biri 10 adet hayvan içeren 2 grup halinde denemeye alınmıştır. Biri katkısız diğeri mikrobiyel inokulant katkılı 25'er ton silaj hazırlanmış ve bu silajlar 4 ay kapalı tutulduktan sonra açılmıştır. İnokulant ilavesi süt verimini denemenin 2. haftası hariç (P>0.05) diğer bütün dönemlerde önemli (P<0.05) oranda artırmıştır. Tüm deneme periyodunu içeren 0-28 günlük dönemde katkısız ve inokulant katkılı silaj tüketen gruplarda süt verimleri 15.85 kg ve 17.51 kg olarak bulunmuştur. Süt proteini düzeyleri de inokulantlı silaj tüketen grupta önemli (PO.05) derecede yüksek bulunmuştur Süt kuru maddesi, süt yağı ve süt külü değerleri bakımından farklılık gözlenmemiştir (P>0.05). Bu değerler 0-28 günlük tüm deneme periodunu içine alan dönemde katkısız ve inokulant katkılı silaj tüketen gruplarda sırasıyla %12.55, %12.67; %4.14,%4.36; %0.65, %0.67 olarak tespit edilmiştir. İnokulant ilavesi silaj kuru madde tüketimini tüm dönemlerde önemli düzeyde artırmıştır (P<0.05). Deneme süresince sabit bir seyir izleyen tüketim değerleri 0-28 gürilûk dönemde katkısız ve inokulantlı silaj tüketen grupta 8.54 ve 10.41 kg olarak belirlenmiştir. 101 pH ve kuru madde kayıpları inokulant katkılı gruplarda daha düşük bulunmuştur. pH katkısız grupta 4.53, inokulant katkılı grupta 4.23 olarak; kuru madde kayıpları ise aynı sırayla %18.32 ve %10.96 olarak önemli düzeyde düşük bulunmuştur (PO.05). Araştırmada elde edilen sonuçlara göre inokulantların, yem maddelerinin tekniğine uygun olarak silalanması halinde silaj kalitesi ve hayvansal verimler üzerine belirgin derecede artırıcı etkiler sağlayabileceği kanatine varılmıştır.
to be significant (P>0.05) as 30.42 % and 29.24 respectively, also, this values were found to be significant in barley and barley + inoculant groups (PO.05). NDF values were determined in control and inoculated groups as 48.26 % and 47.59 respectively. Inpculation had not effect on silage ADF and ash levels (P> 0.05). Inoculant supplementation affected silege pH and DM loss (PO.001). pH and DM loss values were determined in control and inoculated groups as 4.88, 4.69; 17.06 % and 12. 14 % respectively. In Experiment 2, it was investigated that effects of inoculated alfalfa silage on milk yield and milk composition and silage consumption of dairy cows. In this trial, a total of 20 dairy cows were used and this animals were divided into two groups including 10 cows each. Inoculation incraesed milk yield significantly in all experimental period, except for 2. week. In all experimental period (0-28 days) milk yields were found 15.85 and 17.51 kg in control and inoculated groups.Milk protein levels of dairy catties consuming inoculated silage were high than non inoculated groups. There were no differences for milk DM, milk fat and milk ash levels (P>0.05). This values Were found 12.55%,12.67 % ; 4.14 %, 4.36 % ; 0.65 %, 0.67 % in control and inoculated silage groups respectively. Inoculation increased silage DM intake significantly in all experimental periods (P<0.05) and the groups of silage intake levels were found 8.54 and 10.41 kg in this period. pH and DM losses were lower in inocolated silage groups than the other. pH was 4.53 in control group and 4.23 in inoculated silage group; DM losses were 18.32 % and 10.96 % respectively (PO.05). As a result, it may be concluded that inoculants may have beneficial effects on silage quality and animal yields only if feeds are ensiled with useful and proper technical conditions. 104 to be significant (P>0.05) as 30.42 % and 29.24 respectively, also, this values were found to be significant in barley and barley + inoculant groups (PO.05). NDF values were determined in control and inoculated groups as 48.26 % and 47.59 respectively. Inpculation had not effect on silage ADF and ash levels (P> 0.05). Inoculant supplementation affected silege pH and DM loss (PO.001). pH and DM loss values were determined in control and inoculated groups as 4.88, 4.69; 17.06 % and 12. 14 % respectively. In Experiment 2, it was investigated that effects of inoculated alfalfa silage on milk yield and milk composition and silage consumption of dairy cows. In this trial, a total of 20 dairy cows were used and this animals were divided into two groups including 10 cows each. Inoculation incraesed milk yield significantly in all experimental period, except for 2. week. In all experimental period (0-28 days) milk yields were found 15.85 and 17.51 kg in control and inoculated groups.Milk protein levels of dairy catties consuming inoculated silage were high than non inoculated groups. There were no differences for milk DM, milk fat and milk ash levels (P>0.05). This values Were found 12.55%,12.67 % ; 4.14 %, 4.36 % ; 0.65 %, 0.67 % in control and inoculated silage groups respectively. Inoculation increased silage DM intake significantly in all experimental periods (P<0.05) and the groups of silage intake levels were found 8.54 and 10.41 kg in this period. pH and DM losses were lower in inocolated silage groups than the other. pH was 4.53 in control group and 4.23 in inoculated silage group; DM losses were 18.32 % and 10.96 % respectively (PO.05). As a result, it may be concluded that inoculants may have beneficial effects on silage quality and animal yields only if feeds are ensiled with useful and proper technical conditions.
to be significant (P>0.05) as 30.42 % and 29.24 respectively, also, this values were found to be significant in barley and barley + inoculant groups (PO.05). NDF values were determined in control and inoculated groups as 48.26 % and 47.59 respectively. Inpculation had not effect on silage ADF and ash levels (P> 0.05). Inoculant supplementation affected silege pH and DM loss (PO.001). pH and DM loss values were determined in control and inoculated groups as 4.88, 4.69; 17.06 % and 12. 14 % respectively. In Experiment 2, it was investigated that effects of inoculated alfalfa silage on milk yield and milk composition and silage consumption of dairy cows. In this trial, a total of 20 dairy cows were used and this animals were divided into two groups including 10 cows each. Inoculation incraesed milk yield significantly in all experimental period, except for 2. week. In all experimental period (0-28 days) milk yields were found 15.85 and 17.51 kg in control and inoculated groups.Milk protein levels of dairy catties consuming inoculated silage were high than non inoculated groups. There were no differences for milk DM, milk fat and milk ash levels (P>0.05). This values Were found 12.55%,12.67 % ; 4.14 %, 4.36 % ; 0.65 %, 0.67 % in control and inoculated silage groups respectively. Inoculation increased silage DM intake significantly in all experimental periods (P<0.05) and the groups of silage intake levels were found 8.54 and 10.41 kg in this period. pH and DM losses were lower in inocolated silage groups than the other. pH was 4.53 in control group and 4.23 in inoculated silage group; DM losses were 18.32 % and 10.96 % respectively (PO.05). As a result, it may be concluded that inoculants may have beneficial effects on silage quality and animal yields only if feeds are ensiled with useful and proper technical conditions. 104 to be significant (P>0.05) as 30.42 % and 29.24 respectively, also, this values were found to be significant in barley and barley + inoculant groups (PO.05). NDF values were determined in control and inoculated groups as 48.26 % and 47.59 respectively. Inpculation had not effect on silage ADF and ash levels (P> 0.05). Inoculant supplementation affected silege pH and DM loss (PO.001). pH and DM loss values were determined in control and inoculated groups as 4.88, 4.69; 17.06 % and 12. 14 % respectively. In Experiment 2, it was investigated that effects of inoculated alfalfa silage on milk yield and milk composition and silage consumption of dairy cows. In this trial, a total of 20 dairy cows were used and this animals were divided into two groups including 10 cows each. Inoculation incraesed milk yield significantly in all experimental period, except for 2. week. In all experimental period (0-28 days) milk yields were found 15.85 and 17.51 kg in control and inoculated groups.Milk protein levels of dairy catties consuming inoculated silage were high than non inoculated groups. There were no differences for milk DM, milk fat and milk ash levels (P>0.05). This values Were found 12.55%,12.67 % ; 4.14 %, 4.36 % ; 0.65 %, 0.67 % in control and inoculated silage groups respectively. Inoculation increased silage DM intake significantly in all experimental periods (P<0.05) and the groups of silage intake levels were found 8.54 and 10.41 kg in this period. pH and DM losses were lower in inocolated silage groups than the other. pH was 4.53 in control group and 4.23 in inoculated silage group; DM losses were 18.32 % and 10.96 % respectively (PO.05). As a result, it may be concluded that inoculants may have beneficial effects on silage quality and animal yields only if feeds are ensiled with useful and proper technical conditions.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Hayvan yemleri, Animal feed, Süt sığırcılığı, Dairying, Sığır, Cattle, Yonca, Alfalfa
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Kurtoğlu, Varol. (1998). Mikrobiyel inokulant ile hazırlanan yonca silajının süt ineklerinde süt verimi ve bileşimi ile inokulasyonun silaj kalitesi üzerine etkisi. Selçuk Üniversitesi, Yayımlanmış doktora tezi, Konya.
