Annelerin sağlık inanç modeline göre aşı tutumları ve bazı bebek sağlığı uygulamaları ile ilişkisi
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2021
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Selçuk Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Araştırma; annelerin çocukluk çağı aşılarına ilişkin tutumlarını ve çocuklarının tam aşılı olma durumunu belirleme ve aşı yaptırma davranışı ile bazı bebek sağlığına ilişkin davranış/uygulamalar ve gebelik dönemi tetanoz aşısı yaptırma durumu arasındaki ilişkiyi değerlendirmek amacıyla kesitsel tasarımda yapılmıştır. İl merkezi Karatay ve Meram ilçelerinde yaşayan iki-dört yaş arasında çocuğu olan 674 anne ile bu çalışma yürütülmüştür. Veriler sosyodemografik özellikler, aşı özellikleri bazı bebek sağlığı uygulamalarını değerlendiren anket formu ve Aşıyla İlgili Toplum Tutumu-Sağlık İnanç Modeli Ölçeği ile toplanmıştır. Veriler ortalama, standart sapma, sayı ve yüzde olarak özetlenmiştir. Analizlerde ki-kare, bağımsız gruplarda t testi, çoklu regresyon analizi ile lojistik regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya katılan annelerin yaş ortalaması 31.72±4.62'dir ve %97.8'i evlidir. Bebeklerin/çocukların %80.2'si tam aşılı, %8.3'ünün hiç aşısı yoktur ve %45.5'ine ulusal aşı takvimi dışında da aşı yapılmıştır. Sıfır-iki yaş çocuk izlemini düzenli yaptırmayan (%69.1), bebeklik çağı sağlık taramalarını tam yaptırmayan (%29.9), D vitamini (%42.6) ve demir takviyesini (%29.6) kullanmayan, bitkisel yağ (%32.2), hacamat (%58.1), tuzlama (%33.0) ve kupa (%70.0) gibi alternatif tıp yöntemlerini kullanan grubun tam aşılı olmama oranı diğer gruplara göre daha yüksektir. Ayrıca tam aşılı olmayan grubun anne sütü kullanma (5.0±1.7), ek gıdaya geçme ayı (5.40±1.4) ve D vitamin kullanma süresi (6.37±7.1) tam aşılı gruba göre daha düşüktür (p<0.05). Aşı tutumunu anne yaşının artması olumlu etkilerken, anne eğitim düzeyinin artması, annenin çalışmaması, çocuk sayısının artması, sağlık kuruluşlarını ulaşım sorunu olumsuz etkileyen faktörlerdir. Tam aşılı olmamanın risk faktörleri ise anne eğitim süresinin (OR: 0.892 GA: 0.892-0.810), Aşıyla İlgili Toplum Tutumu - Sağlık İnanç Modeli Ölçeği'nin ciddiyet (OR:0.896 GA:0.804-0.999) ve yarar (OR:0.904 GA: 0.819-0.997) puanının artması tam aşılı olmama oranını düşüren faktörlerdir. Engel algısı puanının artması ise tam aşılı olmama oranını yaklaşık 1.04 (GA:1.009-1.090) kat arttırmaktadır. Sonuç olarak; anneler çocukluk dönemi aşılarına yönelik algıları aşı tereddütü ya da reddine ile sonuçlanmaktadır. Annelerin çocukluk çağı aşılarına yönelik aşı tereddütü yaşamaları bazı bebek sağlığı uygulamaları ile ilişkilidir.
Research; This study was conducted in a cross-sectional design to determine mothers' attitudes towards childhood vaccinations and their children's full vaccination status, and to evaluate the relationship between vaccination behavior and some infant health behaviors/practices and pregnancy tetanus vaccination status. This study was conducted with 674 mothers with children between the ages of two and four living in the provincial center of Karatay and Meram. The data were collected by sociodemographic characteristics, vaccine characteristics, a questionnaire evaluating some infant health practices and the Public Attitude Towards Vaccination Scale-Health Belief Model. Data are summarized as mean, standard deviation, number, and percentage. Chi-square analysis, t-test for independent groups, multiple regression analysis and logistic regression analysis were used in the analysis. The mean age of the mothers participating in the study was 31.72±4.62 and 97.8% of them were married. Infants/children of 80.2% were fully vaccinated, 8.3% had no vaccination at all, and 45.5% were vaccinated outside the national vaccination schedule. 0-2 years old children who did not have regular follow-up (69.1%), did not have full health screenings in infancy (29.9%), did not use vitamin D (42.6%) and iron supplements (29.6%), vegetable oil (32.2%), blood letting (58.1%), salting (33.0%) and cupping (70.0%) the rate of not being fully vaccinated was higher in the group using alternative medicine methods. In addition, the use of breast milk (5.0±1.7), the month of switching to additional food (5.40±1.4) and the duration of using vitamin D (6.37±7.1) were lower in the unvaccinated group than in the fully vaccinated group (p<0.05). While the increase in maternal age affects the vaccination attitude positively, the increase in the education level of the mother, the mother's unemployment, the increase in the number of children and the transportation problem in health institutions are the factors that affect the health institutions negatively. Risk factors for not being fully vaccinated are maternal education time (OR: 0.892 CI: 0.892-0.810), severity (OR:0.896 CI:0.804-0.999), and benefit (OR:0.904 CI: 0.819-0.997) points are the factors that decrease the rate of not being fully vaccinated. The increase in the perception of disability score, on the other hand, increases the rate of not being fully vaccinated approximately 1.04 (CI:1.009-1.090) times. As a result; mothers' perceptions of childhood vaccines result in vaccine hesitancy or rejection. Vaccination hesitancy of mothers for childhood vaccines is related to some infant health practices.
Research; This study was conducted in a cross-sectional design to determine mothers' attitudes towards childhood vaccinations and their children's full vaccination status, and to evaluate the relationship between vaccination behavior and some infant health behaviors/practices and pregnancy tetanus vaccination status. This study was conducted with 674 mothers with children between the ages of two and four living in the provincial center of Karatay and Meram. The data were collected by sociodemographic characteristics, vaccine characteristics, a questionnaire evaluating some infant health practices and the Public Attitude Towards Vaccination Scale-Health Belief Model. Data are summarized as mean, standard deviation, number, and percentage. Chi-square analysis, t-test for independent groups, multiple regression analysis and logistic regression analysis were used in the analysis. The mean age of the mothers participating in the study was 31.72±4.62 and 97.8% of them were married. Infants/children of 80.2% were fully vaccinated, 8.3% had no vaccination at all, and 45.5% were vaccinated outside the national vaccination schedule. 0-2 years old children who did not have regular follow-up (69.1%), did not have full health screenings in infancy (29.9%), did not use vitamin D (42.6%) and iron supplements (29.6%), vegetable oil (32.2%), blood letting (58.1%), salting (33.0%) and cupping (70.0%) the rate of not being fully vaccinated was higher in the group using alternative medicine methods. In addition, the use of breast milk (5.0±1.7), the month of switching to additional food (5.40±1.4) and the duration of using vitamin D (6.37±7.1) were lower in the unvaccinated group than in the fully vaccinated group (p<0.05). While the increase in maternal age affects the vaccination attitude positively, the increase in the education level of the mother, the mother's unemployment, the increase in the number of children and the transportation problem in health institutions are the factors that affect the health institutions negatively. Risk factors for not being fully vaccinated are maternal education time (OR: 0.892 CI: 0.892-0.810), severity (OR:0.896 CI:0.804-0.999), and benefit (OR:0.904 CI: 0.819-0.997) points are the factors that decrease the rate of not being fully vaccinated. The increase in the perception of disability score, on the other hand, increases the rate of not being fully vaccinated approximately 1.04 (CI:1.009-1.090) times. As a result; mothers' perceptions of childhood vaccines result in vaccine hesitancy or rejection. Vaccination hesitancy of mothers for childhood vaccines is related to some infant health practices.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Aşı, Aşı tereddütü, Bulaşıcı hastalıklar, Sağlık inanç modeli, Helath belief model, Infectious diseases, Vaccine, Vaccine hesitan
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Bardak, F. (2021). Annelerin sağlık inanç modeline göre aşı tutumları ve bazı bebek sağlığı uygulamaları ile ilişkisi. (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Selçuk Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Konya.
