Konya İlinde Tahıl Yetiştiren İşletmelerde Tarımsal Yeniliklerin Benimsenmesi ve Bilgi Kaynakları Yönünden Değerlendirilmesi
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2023
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Selçuk Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Çalışmanın temel amacı, Konya ilinde tahıl yetiştiren işletmelerde tarımsal yeniliklerin
benimsenmesi ve bilgi kaynaklarının incelenmesidir. Türkiye’de 11,2 milyon hektar alanda tahıl üretimi
yapılmakta olup iller arasında ilk sırada yer alan Konya ili araştırma alanı olarak belirlenmiştir. Konya
ilinde bulunan tahıl yetiştiren işletmeler toplam popülasyonu oluştururken tahıl yetiştiriciliğinin %53’ünü
oluşturan Cihanbeyli, Karatay, Yunak, Sarayönü, Çumra, Karapınar ve Kadınhanı ilçeleri gayeli olarak
seçilmiştir. Bu ilçelerde tabakalı tesadüfi örnekleme yöntemine göre belirlenen 162 tahıl yetiştiriciliği
yapan tarım işletmesi ile anket yapılmış, işletmelerin sosyo-ekonomik yapıları, teknolojik düzeyleri,
yenilikleri benimseme düzeyleri, karar faktörleri ve yenilikleri benimsemede etkili olan bilgi kaynakları
incelenmiştir. İncelenen işletmelerin %47,68’ini aktif nüfus oluşturduğu, %53,34’ünün ilkokul mezunu
olduğu, ortalama işletme büyüklüğünün 246,50 dekar olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sermaye yapıları
fonksiyonlarına göre sınıflandırılmış olup, Aktif sermayenin %83,40’ını çiftlik sermayesi, %15,60’ını sabit
işletme sermayesi ve %1,00 ini döner işletme sermayesi oluşturmaktadır. Pasif sermayenin, %74,49’unu öz
sermaye, %25,51’ini yabancı sermaye oluşturmaktadır. İncelenen işletmelerin sermaye devir oranı %15,49,
sermaye devir oranı 6,49 yıl, ekonomik rantabilitesi %6,26, mali rantabilitesi ise %7,97 olarak
hesaplanmıştır. Uzmanların görüşleri alınarak yenilik olarak kabul edilen teknolojilerin İşletmelerde
mevcut kullanım durumları belirlenmiş, be teknolojilerin hangilerinin Üreticilerin mevcut kullandıkları
teknolojilerin hangilerinin işletme açısından yenilik olduğu belirlenerek indeks haline getirilmiştir.
İncelenen işletmelerin İşletmeler ortalamasında %63,58 ile yüksek düzeyde yenilikçi oldukları
belirlenmiştir. Yeni teknolojileri kullanma ve benimsemelerinde etkili olan bilgi kaynaklarında ise köydeki
diğer çiftçiler, internet-sosyal medya en önemli bilgi kaynakları olarak belirlenmiştir. Yeniliklerin
benimsenme süreçlerini etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesinde AHP yöntemi kullanılmış, analiz sonuçlarına
göre damla sulama sisteminde ürün çeşidi %15,93, pnömatik veya kombine mibzerlerde marka %16,32,
anıza doğrudan ekimde arazi büyüklüğü %15,66, güneş enerji sistemlerinde enerji maliyeti %20,43 ile ilk
sırada yer almıştır. Teknoloji kullanım düzeylerini etkileyen faktörlerin analizi doğrusal regresyon modeli
ile belirlenmiş yenilikçilik düzeyini etkileyen 14 bağımsız değişkenden 11’i anlamlı bulunmuştur. Çalışma
sonucunda tahıl yetiştiren işletmelerin yenilikçilik düzeyleri ve yenilikçilik düzeylerini etkileyen faktörler
belirlenerek işletmelerin sürdürülebilirliğine ve rekabet gücüne katkı sağlayacak öneriler geliştirilmiştir.
The main purpose of the study is to adopt agricultural innovations and to examine the sources of information in grain growing enterprises in Konya. Grain production is carried out on an area of 11.2 million hectares in Turkey, and Konya, which ranks first among the provinces, has been determined as the research area. While the grain growing enterprises in Konya constitute the total population, Cihanbeyli, Karatay, Yunak, Sarayönü, Çumra, Karapınar and Kadınhanı counties, which constitute 53% of the grain cultivation, were chosen as the target. In these districts, a survey was conducted with 162 agricultural enterprises that grow grains, which were determined according to the stratified random sampling method, and the socioeconomic structures of the enterprises, their technological levels, the level of adoption of innovations, the decision factors and the sources of information that are effective in adopting innovations were examined. It has been determined that 47.68% of the examined enterprises constitute the active population, 53.34% are primary school graduates, and the average business size is 246.50 decares. Capital structures are classified according to their functions, 83.40% of the active capital is farm capital, 15.60% is fixed working capital and 1.00% is revolving working capital. Of the passive capital, 74.49% is equity capital and 25.51% is foreign capital. The capital turnover ratio of the examined enterprises was calculated as 15.49%, the capital turnover ratio as 6.49 years, the economic profitability of 6.26% and the financial profitability of 7.97%. By taking the opinions of the experts, the current use cases of the technologies considered as innovations in the enterprises were determined, and which of the technologies and which of the technologies used by the manufacturers were innovations in terms of the enterprise were indexed. It has been determined that the examined enterprises are highly innovative with 63.58% in the average of enterprises. Other farmers in the village, internet-social media were determined as the most important information sources in the information sources that are effective in using and adopting new technologies. The AHP method was used to determine the factors affecting the adoption processes of innovations, according to the results of the analysis, the product variety in drip irrigation system is 15.93%, the brand in pneumatic or combined seeders is 16.32%, the land size in direct sowing is 15.66%, the energy cost in solar energy systems is 20%. It ranked first with .43. Analysis of the factors affecting the level of technology use was determined by the linear regression model, and 11 of the 14 independent variables affecting the innovativeness level were found to be significant. As a result of the study, the innovation levels of grain growing enterprises and the factors affecting their innovativeness levels were determined and suggestions were developed that would contribute to the sustainability and competitiveness of the enterprises.
The main purpose of the study is to adopt agricultural innovations and to examine the sources of information in grain growing enterprises in Konya. Grain production is carried out on an area of 11.2 million hectares in Turkey, and Konya, which ranks first among the provinces, has been determined as the research area. While the grain growing enterprises in Konya constitute the total population, Cihanbeyli, Karatay, Yunak, Sarayönü, Çumra, Karapınar and Kadınhanı counties, which constitute 53% of the grain cultivation, were chosen as the target. In these districts, a survey was conducted with 162 agricultural enterprises that grow grains, which were determined according to the stratified random sampling method, and the socioeconomic structures of the enterprises, their technological levels, the level of adoption of innovations, the decision factors and the sources of information that are effective in adopting innovations were examined. It has been determined that 47.68% of the examined enterprises constitute the active population, 53.34% are primary school graduates, and the average business size is 246.50 decares. Capital structures are classified according to their functions, 83.40% of the active capital is farm capital, 15.60% is fixed working capital and 1.00% is revolving working capital. Of the passive capital, 74.49% is equity capital and 25.51% is foreign capital. The capital turnover ratio of the examined enterprises was calculated as 15.49%, the capital turnover ratio as 6.49 years, the economic profitability of 6.26% and the financial profitability of 7.97%. By taking the opinions of the experts, the current use cases of the technologies considered as innovations in the enterprises were determined, and which of the technologies and which of the technologies used by the manufacturers were innovations in terms of the enterprise were indexed. It has been determined that the examined enterprises are highly innovative with 63.58% in the average of enterprises. Other farmers in the village, internet-social media were determined as the most important information sources in the information sources that are effective in using and adopting new technologies. The AHP method was used to determine the factors affecting the adoption processes of innovations, according to the results of the analysis, the product variety in drip irrigation system is 15.93%, the brand in pneumatic or combined seeders is 16.32%, the land size in direct sowing is 15.66%, the energy cost in solar energy systems is 20%. It ranked first with .43. Analysis of the factors affecting the level of technology use was determined by the linear regression model, and 11 of the 14 independent variables affecting the innovativeness level were found to be significant. As a result of the study, the innovation levels of grain growing enterprises and the factors affecting their innovativeness levels were determined and suggestions were developed that would contribute to the sustainability and competitiveness of the enterprises.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
: Tahıl İşletmeleri, Yenilikçilik, Yenilikçilik Düzeyi, Bilgi Kaynakları, Konya, : Cereals Enterprises, Innovation, Level of Innovation, Information Resources
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
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Künye
Çiftci İ., (2023). Konya İlinde Tahıl Yetiştiren İşletmelerde Tarımsal Yeniliklerin Benimsenmesi ve Bilgi Kaynakları Yönünden Değerlendirilmesi. (Doktora Tezi). Selçuk Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Konya.
