Kooperatifçilik yolu ile konut üretimimin Konya örneğinde irdelenmesi
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2010-07-09
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Yayıncı
Selçuk Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Günümüzde konut, mevcut toplumsal sistemin en temel sorunlarından biridir. Hızlı şehirleşme ve nüfus artışı yaşanan ülkemizde konut açığı her geçen gün artmaktadır. Konut sorunu adeta çözümsüz bir sorun haline gelmektedir. Bu nedenle konut açığı sorununun giderilmesi yönünde yapılacak her türlü girişim önem arz etmektedir. Konut sorununa ilişkin tespitler yaparak, bunlara çözümler geliştirmek ve yönlendirici bilgiler üretilmesi için teorik ve pratik araştırmalara her zaman ihtiyaç vardır. Bu araştırmalar, ülke, il ve bölge ölçeğinde olabileceği gibi bu tez çalışmasında olduğu gibi şehir ölçeğinde de çalışmalar yapılarak gerçekleştirilebilir. 1980'li yıllar Türkiye'nin yalnızca kentleşme alanında değil, toplumsal yaşamın her alanında dönüşüm yaşadığı yıllar olmuştur. Ülke genelinde 1980'lere kadar bilimsel planlamadan yoksun olarak devam eden geleneksel konut yapı kooperatifçiliği yolu ile sağlanan konut edinme, 1980'lerin ilk yıllarından itibaren başta dar gelirli kesim olmak üzere toplumun diğer bütün kesimleri tarafından başvurulan en önemli yöntem olmuştur. Bu durum, özellikle 1981 ve 1984 tarihli Toplu Konut Kanunları'nın sağladığı iyileştirmeler ile birlikte ekonomi ve yapım sektöründeki büyük gelişmeler ile desteklenmiştir. Fakat dar gelirli insanları konut edindirme çabasında olan konut yapı kooperatiflerinin zaman içinde uygulamasında farklılıklar meydana gelmiştir. Bu çalışmada geçmişten günümüze kadar olan süreçte kooperatiflerin incelenmesi, 2000'li yılların sonunda konut kooperatifçiliğinin uygulamasında görülen farklılıklar, insanların ihtiyaçlarına bağlı olarak değişen konut biçimleri (site oluşumları), ortaya çıkan konut üretim metotları ve bunların sayısal verilerle değişim süreci ele alınmaktadır. Çalışmanın birinci bölümü olan giriş kısmında, çalışmanın amacı, kapsamı ve hedefleri, aşamaları, verileri, araştırma metodu ve konu ile ilgili daha önce yayınlanmış çalışmalara değinilmektedir. İkinci bölümde, ülkemizde konut üretim sorununun tarihsel gelişimi ve mevcut durumu üzerinde durularak, konut üretim sektörünün ülkemiz açısından önemi vurgulanmakta ve ülkemiz için kaliteli konut ihtiyacı irdelenmektedir. Üçüncü bölümde, kooperatifçiliğin tanımı yapılarak çeşitleri hakkında kısa bilgiler verilmektedir. Konut kooperatifçiliğinin değişim sürecine değinilerek konut kooperatiflerinin özellikleri detaylı olarak açıklanmaktadır. Burada Türkiye'de konut yapı kooperatifçiliğinin değişim süreci, ülkemizde uygulanan konut üretim metotları açıklanarak, bu metotların sayısal olarak dağılımı verilmektedir. Dördüncü bölümde Konya'nın çevresel verileri, şehirsel planlama süreci ve konut planlaması konularına kısaca değinilmektedir. Burada şehrin kısa tarihçesi, coğrafi, iklim ve atmosferik özellikleri ile demografik yapısı, nüfus hareketi ve istihdam özellikleri açıklandıktan sonra şehirsel planlama süreci ve konut planlaması konularında kısa bilgiler verilmektedir. Bu tezin alan çalışmasının büyük bir kısmını içeren beşinci bölümde ise, Konya'daki kooperatifçilik ve konut yapı kooperatifçiliğinin şehirsel planlamadaki yeri, gelişim süreci ve yapı sektöründeki durumu hakkında alt başlıklar halinde detaylı bilgiler verilmektedir. Konya'da uygulanan konut üretim metotları, yapım sistemleri resimlerle görsellenerek anlatılmakta ve yapılan konutların sektörlere göre dağılımları incelenerek sayısal bilgiler verilmektedir. Sonuç olarak; özellikle dar gelirli ailelerin ucuz konut sahibi olabilmek için kurdukları konut yapı kooperatifleri bu işlevlerini sürdürmekte iseler de, söz konusu Toplu Konut Kanunlarının sağladığı iyileştirilmelerden vazgeçilmesiyle ve özellikle 90'lı yıllarda ağırlaşan ekonomik şartlar sebebiyle konut kooperatiflerinin faaliyetleri yavaşlamıştır. Kendi özdenetimlerine bağlı olarak sorun yaşamalarından dolayı, kooperatiflere duyulan güven azalmıştır. Bunu önlemek için kooperatifler yasal yollar ve özellikle kendi özdenetimi ile çok sıkı denetlenmelidirler. Bu sebeple kooperatifçilikle ilgili olarak resmi veya özel yeni kurumsallaşmalara gidilmesi gerekmektedir. Geçmişte olduğu gibi kooperatiflerin belediyeler ve merkezi idare (TOKİ) işbirliğiyle çalışması kooperatiflerin günümüzde de canlanmasını sağlamak için yeterli olacaktır. Dar gelirli ailelerin yeniden kooperatiflerden faydalanmaları için kredi teşvikleri verilmesi ve ucuz arsa sağlanması gerekmektedir.
Housing is one of most important problem of social structure in recent times. Because of rapid urbanization and growing population, lack of houses is getting increased every day. Housing necessity is becoming as an unresolved problem for our country. Because of that, every attempt helping to resolve of housing problem has become very important. Theoretical and practical researcher is always necessary in order to provide solutions for determination about housing problems. These researches? scope may spread to all country, a region, or a province. In addition, these researches? study area is about a part of town, as well. 1980s was not only transformation of urbanization but also transformation in all areas of social life in Turkey. Home acquisition providing thanks to traditional building cooperative system which had produced building with no scientific knowledge in 1980s was main methods of low-income people for housing in mid1980s in Turkey. This method was supported by economic wealth, some development in construction sector by 1981 and 1984 Mass Housing Regulations. However, building cooperative method, which was struggle for low-income people about their housing, has changed in its implementations for this time. In this study from past to present, housing construction cooperatives of Konya which has intense cooperative and has significant role in our country housing construction cooperatives will be examined, variations seen after end of 2000?s housing cooperatives, changing forms of housing depending on human needs (site forms), housing built methods and their changing process with numerical data were discussed. In the first chapter, as introduction of this study, scope and objectives of research; stages of research, data, research methods and issues related to previously published studies were discussed. In the second chapter, historic development of housing problem and its current situation of our country were focused on. After importance of housing production sector was emphasized in our country, lacks of quality of housing for our Turkey was examined. In the third chapter, after definition of building cooperative, brief information was given about the building cooperative. The changing process was described and properties of housing cooperatives were examined. In this chapter, the process of change of housing cooperative was mentioned and housing production methods were explained and numeric range of this study was mentioned. In the fourth section, environmental data of Konya, it?s urban planning process, planning and housing issues were briefly addressed. After explaining city's short history, geographical, climate and atmospheric features and demographic structure, population movement and employment characteristics, brief information was given about urban planning process and residential planning. In the fifth chapter containing large part of field work of thesis, detailed information was given about cooperatives in Konya and its importance in urban planning, it?s development process and it?s situation in the construction industry as subheads. Housing production methods applied in Konya, construction systems were visualized with pictures and distribution of residents according to sectors was examined and numerical data was given. As a result, even though residential cooperatives that they especially built for low-income families in order to get house continued their this function, residential cooperative activities slowed down because of 90?s harder economic conditions and giving up Housing Development Law?s rehabilitations. Depending on troubles in their control, reliance on cooperatives was decreased. In order to prevent this, cooperatives should be strictly controlled in legal ways and their self control. For this reason, new public or private integrated enterprises should be established. As in the past, it will be enough for cooperatives to work in collaboration with municipalities and the central administration (TOKI) in order to ensure cooperatives today. It is needed to provide cheap land and to give credit incentives for low-income people to take advantage of cooperatives.
Housing is one of most important problem of social structure in recent times. Because of rapid urbanization and growing population, lack of houses is getting increased every day. Housing necessity is becoming as an unresolved problem for our country. Because of that, every attempt helping to resolve of housing problem has become very important. Theoretical and practical researcher is always necessary in order to provide solutions for determination about housing problems. These researches? scope may spread to all country, a region, or a province. In addition, these researches? study area is about a part of town, as well. 1980s was not only transformation of urbanization but also transformation in all areas of social life in Turkey. Home acquisition providing thanks to traditional building cooperative system which had produced building with no scientific knowledge in 1980s was main methods of low-income people for housing in mid1980s in Turkey. This method was supported by economic wealth, some development in construction sector by 1981 and 1984 Mass Housing Regulations. However, building cooperative method, which was struggle for low-income people about their housing, has changed in its implementations for this time. In this study from past to present, housing construction cooperatives of Konya which has intense cooperative and has significant role in our country housing construction cooperatives will be examined, variations seen after end of 2000?s housing cooperatives, changing forms of housing depending on human needs (site forms), housing built methods and their changing process with numerical data were discussed. In the first chapter, as introduction of this study, scope and objectives of research; stages of research, data, research methods and issues related to previously published studies were discussed. In the second chapter, historic development of housing problem and its current situation of our country were focused on. After importance of housing production sector was emphasized in our country, lacks of quality of housing for our Turkey was examined. In the third chapter, after definition of building cooperative, brief information was given about the building cooperative. The changing process was described and properties of housing cooperatives were examined. In this chapter, the process of change of housing cooperative was mentioned and housing production methods were explained and numeric range of this study was mentioned. In the fourth section, environmental data of Konya, it?s urban planning process, planning and housing issues were briefly addressed. After explaining city's short history, geographical, climate and atmospheric features and demographic structure, population movement and employment characteristics, brief information was given about urban planning process and residential planning. In the fifth chapter containing large part of field work of thesis, detailed information was given about cooperatives in Konya and its importance in urban planning, it?s development process and it?s situation in the construction industry as subheads. Housing production methods applied in Konya, construction systems were visualized with pictures and distribution of residents according to sectors was examined and numerical data was given. As a result, even though residential cooperatives that they especially built for low-income families in order to get house continued their this function, residential cooperative activities slowed down because of 90?s harder economic conditions and giving up Housing Development Law?s rehabilitations. Depending on troubles in their control, reliance on cooperatives was decreased. In order to prevent this, cooperatives should be strictly controlled in legal ways and their self control. For this reason, new public or private integrated enterprises should be established. As in the past, it will be enough for cooperatives to work in collaboration with municipalities and the central administration (TOKI) in order to ensure cooperatives today. It is needed to provide cheap land and to give credit incentives for low-income people to take advantage of cooperatives.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Konut, Dwelling house, Konut kooperatifleri, Housing cooperatives, Konut üretim modelleri, Housing production models, Kooperatifler, Cooperatives, Konya
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Çağlayan, N. (2010). Kooperatifçilik yolu ile konut üretimimin Konya örneğinde irdelenmesi. Selçuk Üniversitesi, Yayımlanmış yüksek lisans tezi, Konya.
