Türk Seçim Hukuku'nda seçimlerin denetimi
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2015-04-17
Yazarlar
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Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Demokrasi kilidinin anahtarı pozisyonundaki seçimler, bireylerin geleceklerini inşa etmeye aday siyasi partiler arasından seçim yapmak suretiyle iktidarı belirlediği en etkin siyasi denetim aracıdır. Seçimlerin siyasal hayatı şekillendirmedeki rolü, seçimlere büyük ilgi gösterilmesine neden olmaktadır. Seçimler, geçmişte sadece siyasi iktidarı belirleme aracı olarak görülürken, günümüzde özellikle de 2000 Amerikan Başkanlık seçimleri ve sebep olduğu gelişmelerinde tesiriyle, siyaset kurumunun ve akademik dünyanın ilgi odağı haline gelmiştir. Demokratik olsun ya da olmasın, diktatörlükle yönetilen ülkeler hariç, dünyadaki bütün ülkelerde iktidarlar seçimle belirlenmektedir. Dünya ülkelerinin siyasal ve tarihsel olarak farklı tecrübelere sahip olmaları ve kendilerine has siyasal geleneklerinin varlığı farklı seçim sistemlerinin kabulüne de beraberinde getirmiştir. Bu farklılık, seçimlerin işleyişi faaliyetlerinde de değişik yöntemlerin ve modellerin benimsenmesine neden olmuştur. Seçmen tercihlerinin sandığa adil ve dürüst şekilde yansıdığı bir seçim gerçekleştirme arzusu, seçimlerin ülke genelinde iyi teşkilatlanmış, liyakat esasına göre belirlenmiş personelin istihdam edildiği, teknolojik alt yapıya sahip ve toplumsal itibarı ve intibaı yıpranmamış ve siyasi iktidarın müdahale alanından tamamen uzaklaştırılmış özerk ve kurumsal yapıları zorunlu kılmaktadır. Adil ve dürüst seçimlerin mümkün kılınabilmesi ancak seçimlerin yönetim ve denetiminden sorumlu kurum ve kurulların etkin yönetim ve denetim mekanizmaları ile donatılmış olmasıyla mümkün olabilecektir. Seçimlerin yönetimi ve denetimi faaliyetleri, ülkelerin benimsedikleri seçim yönetim ve denetim modellerinin farklılık göstermesi sebebiyle ülkeden ülkeye farklılık sergilemektedir. Bu farklılığa rağmen, bu modellerin hepsinin ortak amacı, seçmen iradesinin sandığa yansıması sürecini sağlıklı bir şekilde yönetmek ve sürece ilişkin yaşanabilecek hukuksuzluklara engel olmaktır. Bu anlamda bu kurum ve kurullara demokrasinin sürdürülebilirliğinin sağlanması adına çok önemli görevler düşmektedir. Söz konusu kurum ve kurulların gösterecekleri olumlu performans seçim sürecinin adil ve dürüst bir şekilde yürütülmesi ve sonuçlandırılmasının teminatını oluşturacaktır. Türkiye'de seçim teşkilatı ile seçimlerin işleyişinin karşılaştırmalı hukuk perspektifinden tüm yönleriyle ele alındığı bu çalışmanın amacı; ülkemiz açısından daha etkin bir seçim yönetim ve denetim mekanizmasının hayata geçirilebilmesi için uygulayıcılara karşılaştırmalı hukuk pratikleri perspektifinden bir model önerisi sunmaktır.
Elections, which are the key to democracy, are the most effective means for political supervision in which individuals make choices from among political parties, which compete to build their lives. The role of elections in shaping political life causes them to be paid enormous attention. In the past, elections were regarded as a means to determine the political power only, but today, especially under the influence of the 2000 American presidential elections and the developments it led to, they have become the center of attention for politics and academic World. Whether they are democratic or not, governments are determined through elections all over the world except for countries that are governed by dictatorships. The fact that countries of the world have different political and historical experiences and have their own unique political traditions have caused different elections systems to be adopted. This difference in turn has caused different methods and models to be adopted in the activities conducted during the implementation of elections. The desire to hold an election where voters' choices are reflected fairly and honestly in the ballot boxes requires autonomous and organizational structures that are well-organized, where personnel determined on the basis of merit are employed, that possess the technological infrastructure, have an undamaged social prestige and image and are totally out of reach of the interference of the party in power. Fair and honest elections will be possible only when institutions and boards that are responsible for the management and supervision of elections are equipped with effective managerial and supervisory mechanisms. Activities aimed at managing and supervising elections exhibit variations because the election management and supervision models which countries adopt change from country to country. In spite of this difference, he common goal of all these models is to manage the process of transferring voters' will to the polls properly and prevent injustices that might arise in the process. In this sense, these institutions and committees have very serious tasks and obligations in ensuring sustainability of democracy. Positive performance that will be displayed by the said institutions and committees will guarantee that the election process will take place and be completed fairly and honestly. The purpose of this study, in which election organization and election mechanisms have been handled in all aspects from the perspective of comparative law, is to propose a model to implementers from the perspective of comparative law practices in order to put into a practice a more effective election management and supervision mechanism.
Elections, which are the key to democracy, are the most effective means for political supervision in which individuals make choices from among political parties, which compete to build their lives. The role of elections in shaping political life causes them to be paid enormous attention. In the past, elections were regarded as a means to determine the political power only, but today, especially under the influence of the 2000 American presidential elections and the developments it led to, they have become the center of attention for politics and academic World. Whether they are democratic or not, governments are determined through elections all over the world except for countries that are governed by dictatorships. The fact that countries of the world have different political and historical experiences and have their own unique political traditions have caused different elections systems to be adopted. This difference in turn has caused different methods and models to be adopted in the activities conducted during the implementation of elections. The desire to hold an election where voters' choices are reflected fairly and honestly in the ballot boxes requires autonomous and organizational structures that are well-organized, where personnel determined on the basis of merit are employed, that possess the technological infrastructure, have an undamaged social prestige and image and are totally out of reach of the interference of the party in power. Fair and honest elections will be possible only when institutions and boards that are responsible for the management and supervision of elections are equipped with effective managerial and supervisory mechanisms. Activities aimed at managing and supervising elections exhibit variations because the election management and supervision models which countries adopt change from country to country. In spite of this difference, he common goal of all these models is to manage the process of transferring voters' will to the polls properly and prevent injustices that might arise in the process. In this sense, these institutions and committees have very serious tasks and obligations in ensuring sustainability of democracy. Positive performance that will be displayed by the said institutions and committees will guarantee that the election process will take place and be completed fairly and honestly. The purpose of this study, in which election organization and election mechanisms have been handled in all aspects from the perspective of comparative law, is to propose a model to implementers from the perspective of comparative law practices in order to put into a practice a more effective election management and supervision mechanism.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Yüksek Seçim Kurulu, Supreme Election Committee, Hukuki denetim, Legal rewiew, Seçimler, Elections
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Aydın, N. (2015). Türk Seçim Hukuku'nda seçimlerin denetimi. Selçuk Üniversitesi, Yayımlanmış doktora tezi, Konya.
