Kooperatiflerin hukuki niteliği
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2018-06-08
Yazarlar
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Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Türkiye'de kooperatifler 1163 sayılı kanunla "teşekkül" olarak tanımlanmış iken 5146 sayılı kanunla yapılan değişiklikle "ortaklık" olarak adlandırılmış ve son olarak da 6102 sayılı kanunla ticaret şirketleri arasında sayılmıştır. Ancak, bu düzenlemelerin koo-peratiflerin sosyolojik özelliklerini yansıtmadığı bazı yazarlarca ileri sürülmüş ve bu tar-tışmalar Yargıtay kararlarında da görülmüştür. Bu çalışmanın konusu, mevzuat düzenle-melerine rağmen kooperatiflerin hukuki niteliğine ilişkin tartışmalara ışık tutmak üzere belirlemeler yapılması ve öneriler sunulmasıdır. Çalışmanın genel amacı kooperatiflerin aslında kendine has özellikleri bulunan oluşumlar olduğunun ortaya konulmasıdır. Birinci bölümde kooperatiflerin tarihi, gelişimleri ve mevzuat düzenlemeleri araştı-rılarak bilgiler verilmiştir. İkinci bölümde kooperatiflerin türleri, örgütlenmeleri, denetim ve sorumluluk türleri incelenmiştir. Üçüncü bölümde kooperatiflerin hukuki niteliğine ilişkin ülkemizdeki tartışmalar incelenmiş ve ileri sürülen görüşler karşılaştırılmıştır. Tes-pitler yapılırken Türkiye'de kooperatiflerin dünya standartlarına uygun şekilde geliştiril-mesi ve kooperatifçilik ilkelerinin tam olarak uygulanabilmesine yönelik farklı görüşler paylaşılmıştır. Kooperatiflerin hukuki niteliğinin açıklığa kavuşturulmasına ilişkin görüş-lerin dışında Yargıtay kararlarına yer verilmiş ve internet kaynaklarından da yararlanıl-mıştır. Yapılan incelemeler sonucunda ihtiyaçları karşılayacak bir kooperatif tanımının yapılarak sorunların çözümüne yönelik önerilerde bulunulmuştur. Tespit edilen farklı görüşler değerlendirilirken hukukî ve sosyolojik gerekçelere değinilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonuç bölümünde kooperatiflerin unsurları kapsamında yapılan değer-lendirmelerde kooperatiflerin diğer tüzel kişilerden farklı yönleri ortaya konulmuştur. Böylelikle, kooperatiflerin kendine özgü yapılarının olduğu ve yürürlükteki mevzuat hükümlerinin aksine kooperatiflerin ticaret şirketi sayılamayacakları sonucuna ulaşılmış-tır. Bu sonuca istinaden kooperatiflerle ilgili mevzuat düzenlemelerinin tek bir kanun altında toplanması ve bu kapsamda kooperatiflerin "birlik" adı altında kendine özgü bir kişilik olarak tanınması, terminolojide kavram kargaşasına son verilmesi, kooperatifçiliğin geliştirilmesine yönelik desteğin arttırılması ve sorunların çözümü hususlarında öneriler sunulmuştur.
In Turkey, whereas the cooperative initiatives were first defined to be "initiatives" by the Law No:1163, they were later called to be "partnerships" through an amendment by the Law No:5146, and lastly they were included among the commercial companies through the Law No:6102. However, some authors asserted that these codifications co-uld not reflect social features of cooperative initiatives, as such discussions in this regard were also tracked in decisions of the Court of Cassation. The subject of this study is determination of legal status of the cooperative initiatives, as well as submission of re-commendations so as to englighten those discussions despite the enforced legislation. Overall objective of the study is to bear out that the cooperatives are sui generis perso-nalities with their intrinsic features. In the First Chapter, history, development and legal framework of the cooperative initiatives were probed and information provided accordingly. In the Second Chapter, types, organizations, responsibilities and custody rules of the cooperative initiatives were reviewed. In the Third Chapter, discussions over the legal status of cooperative initiati-ves were reviewed and assertions were compared. In the course of determination, diffe-rent views were shared for the sake of development of cooperative initiatives in line with the global standards, as well as proper application of the Cooperative Principles. Further to those views to reveal the legal status of cooperative initiatives, decisions of the Cassation Court were included and internet resources were also benefited. While evaluating the assertions, our views were expressed based on legal and sociologic justifi-cations. In the end of the analysis, a definition of the cooperative initiatives, which co-uld meet the needs, was recommended for resolution of the ongoing problems. In the Conclusion Chapter, to reveal the difference, through comparisons in terms of elements of cooperative initiatives, different aspects from the other legal personalities were put forward. Hereby, it was concluded that the cooperative initiatives have sui generis structures, and in spite of the current legislative framework, they should not be considered as commercial companies. Based on this conclusion, recommendations were submitted for integration of the cooperative related laws under one law to ensure unity in legal system, recognition of the sui generis structure of cooperative initiatives under the name of "birlik", which me-ans unity in Turkish language that could stop concept confusion in terminology, and development of support to the cooperative initiatives.
In Turkey, whereas the cooperative initiatives were first defined to be "initiatives" by the Law No:1163, they were later called to be "partnerships" through an amendment by the Law No:5146, and lastly they were included among the commercial companies through the Law No:6102. However, some authors asserted that these codifications co-uld not reflect social features of cooperative initiatives, as such discussions in this regard were also tracked in decisions of the Court of Cassation. The subject of this study is determination of legal status of the cooperative initiatives, as well as submission of re-commendations so as to englighten those discussions despite the enforced legislation. Overall objective of the study is to bear out that the cooperatives are sui generis perso-nalities with their intrinsic features. In the First Chapter, history, development and legal framework of the cooperative initiatives were probed and information provided accordingly. In the Second Chapter, types, organizations, responsibilities and custody rules of the cooperative initiatives were reviewed. In the Third Chapter, discussions over the legal status of cooperative initiati-ves were reviewed and assertions were compared. In the course of determination, diffe-rent views were shared for the sake of development of cooperative initiatives in line with the global standards, as well as proper application of the Cooperative Principles. Further to those views to reveal the legal status of cooperative initiatives, decisions of the Cassation Court were included and internet resources were also benefited. While evaluating the assertions, our views were expressed based on legal and sociologic justifi-cations. In the end of the analysis, a definition of the cooperative initiatives, which co-uld meet the needs, was recommended for resolution of the ongoing problems. In the Conclusion Chapter, to reveal the difference, through comparisons in terms of elements of cooperative initiatives, different aspects from the other legal personalities were put forward. Hereby, it was concluded that the cooperative initiatives have sui generis structures, and in spite of the current legislative framework, they should not be considered as commercial companies. Based on this conclusion, recommendations were submitted for integration of the cooperative related laws under one law to ensure unity in legal system, recognition of the sui generis structure of cooperative initiatives under the name of "birlik", which me-ans unity in Turkish language that could stop concept confusion in terminology, and development of support to the cooperative initiatives.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kooperatif, Hukuki nitelik, Cooperative, Legal quality
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Mollaoğlu, Y. (2018). Kooperatiflerin hukuki niteliği. Selçuk Üniversitesi, Yayımlanmış yüksek lisans tezi, Konya.
