Kırsal alanda yaşayan hipertansiyonlu bireylerin ilaç tedavisine uyum özetkililik düzeyleri
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2016
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Selçuk Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Abstract
Bu çalışma; kırsal alanda hipertansiyon tanısı almış bireylerin ilaç tedavisine uyum özetkililik düzeylerinin ve bu düzeyin bazı sosyodemografik, sağlık ve hastalık özelliklerine göre değişip değişmediğinin belirlenmesi amacına yönelik olarak tanımlayıcı türde yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu kırsal bölgede bir hastanenin Kardiyoloji Polikliniğine başvuran hipertansiyon tanısı alan 235 birey oluşturmuştur. Araştırma verileri Aralık 2015-Şubat 2016 tarihi itibari ile polikliniğe gelen hastalardan toplanmıştır. Araştırmada araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan "Anket Formu ", ve "İlaca Bağlılık/Uyum Öz-Etkililik Ölçeği" kullanılmıştır Veriler yüz yüze görüşme yöntemi ile toplanmıştır. Bağımsız değişkenlerin analizinde t testi ve tek yönlü varyans analizi kullanılmıştır. Farklılığın tespit edilmesinde Tukey HSD testinden yararlanılmıştır. Veriler tabloda gösterilirken sayısal veriler için sayı, yüzde, ortalama ve standart sapmadan yararlanılmıştır. Anlamlılık p<0,05 düzeyinde değerlendirilmiştir. Katılımcıların; yaş ortalaması 63,2±9,9 olup, %64,3'ü kadın ve %78'7 si evli, %47,7'si ilkokul-ortaöğretim mezunu, %59,6'sı ev hanımıdır. Ölçeğin toplam puan ortalamasının sosyodemografik özelliklere göre puan dağılımı değerlendirildiğinde yaş, cinsiyet, medeni durum, eğitim durumu, çalışma durumu, gelir durumunun benzer olduğu (p>0.05), birlikte yaşadığı kişiler değişkeninde anlamlılık tespit edilmiştir (p<0,05). Ölçeğin puan ortalamasının hastalık süresi, tansiyona eşlik eden hastalık durumu, hastalığı ile ilgili eğitim alma durumu, hastalığa uyum sağlama durumu, hastalığı hakkında düşüncesi, reçetesiz bilinçsiz ilaç kullanma durumu, hipertansiyon için hastaneye gitme sıklığı, diyet uygulama ve egzersiz yapma durumu değişkenlerinde puan ortalamalarının benzer olduğu bulunmuştur (p>0.05). Sistolik kan basıncıcı, diyastolik kan basıncı, düzenli ilaç kullanma durumu, tansiyonun yan etkilerini bilme durumu, tansiyon ölçme/ölçtürme sıklığı değişkenlerinde ise ölçek puan ortalamasının farklılaştığı belirlenmiştir (p<0.05). Çalışma sonucunda; kırsal kesimde yaşayan hasta grubunun ilaç tedavisine uyum düzeylerinin yüksek olduğu ve bazı değişkenlerden etkilendiği bulunmuştur. Kırsal alanda yaşayan hipertansif hastaların; ilaç tedavisine uyum öz-etkililik düzeylerini geliştirmelerine yönelik iş birliği sağlanması, hemşirelerin; hastaların ihtiyaçlarına yönelik eğitim planı hazırlanması, toplum taramaları ve izlemi içeren hasta merkezli eğitim programı vermesi, bu eğitimler verilmeden önce bireylerin sosyo-demografik, sağlık ve hastalık özellikleri göz önünde bulundurularak hazırlanması önerilebilir.
This study has been done in a descriptive way in order to determine if the compliance feature level to drug treatment of the individuals who were diagnosed with hypertension and living in rural areas change according to some socio-demographic, health and illness features. The study group consisted of 235 individuals diagnosed with hypertension who visited the cardiology polyclinic of a hospital in a rural area. The data were collected from the patients who visited between December 2015 and February 2016. The study used "the Questionnaire" and "the Medication Commitment/Adherence Self-Efficacy Scale" prepared by the researcher. The data were collected using the method of face to face interviews. One-way ANOVA and t-test were used in the analysis of the independent variables. Tukey HSD test was utilized in determining the difference. Numbers, percentages and standard deviations were utilized for showing the data on the table. "p<0.05" was accepted as the statistically significant level. While the mean age of the participants was 63.2±9.9, 64.3% were female, 78.8% were married, 47.7% were graduates of primary-secondary education, and 59.6% were housewives. When the socio-demographics based score distribution of the total average score of the scale was analyzed, it was determined that age, sex, marital status, education level, working status and income level were similar (p>0.05), while the variable regarding the people participants lived with showed differences (p<0.05). It was found that the average score of the scale was similar in terms of the variables about duration of illness, illness status accompanying tension, status of being educated about one's illness, status of adaptation to the illness, opinions regarding own illness, irresponsible over-the-counter medicine usage status, frequency of checking blood pressure, and status of diet and exercise (p>0.05). It was also found that the average score of the scale varied in terms of the variables of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, status of regular drug usage, status of awareness of side effects of blood pressure, and measuring blood pressure / having blood pressure measured (p<0.05). As a result of the study, it was found that medication adherence levels of the patient group living in the rural area were high, while being affected by some variables. The following may be recommended for patients with hypertension living in rural areas: establishing cooperation towards improving their medication adherence self-efficacy levels, preparing a training plan for nurses regarding the needs of the patients, providing training programs centered around the patient including social scans and observations, and preparing the individuals before providing this training by considering their socio-demographic, medical and diagnostic characteristics.
This study has been done in a descriptive way in order to determine if the compliance feature level to drug treatment of the individuals who were diagnosed with hypertension and living in rural areas change according to some socio-demographic, health and illness features. The study group consisted of 235 individuals diagnosed with hypertension who visited the cardiology polyclinic of a hospital in a rural area. The data were collected from the patients who visited between December 2015 and February 2016. The study used "the Questionnaire" and "the Medication Commitment/Adherence Self-Efficacy Scale" prepared by the researcher. The data were collected using the method of face to face interviews. One-way ANOVA and t-test were used in the analysis of the independent variables. Tukey HSD test was utilized in determining the difference. Numbers, percentages and standard deviations were utilized for showing the data on the table. "p<0.05" was accepted as the statistically significant level. While the mean age of the participants was 63.2±9.9, 64.3% were female, 78.8% were married, 47.7% were graduates of primary-secondary education, and 59.6% were housewives. When the socio-demographics based score distribution of the total average score of the scale was analyzed, it was determined that age, sex, marital status, education level, working status and income level were similar (p>0.05), while the variable regarding the people participants lived with showed differences (p<0.05). It was found that the average score of the scale was similar in terms of the variables about duration of illness, illness status accompanying tension, status of being educated about one's illness, status of adaptation to the illness, opinions regarding own illness, irresponsible over-the-counter medicine usage status, frequency of checking blood pressure, and status of diet and exercise (p>0.05). It was also found that the average score of the scale varied in terms of the variables of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, status of regular drug usage, status of awareness of side effects of blood pressure, and measuring blood pressure / having blood pressure measured (p<0.05). As a result of the study, it was found that medication adherence levels of the patient group living in the rural area were high, while being affected by some variables. The following may be recommended for patients with hypertension living in rural areas: establishing cooperation towards improving their medication adherence self-efficacy levels, preparing a training plan for nurses regarding the needs of the patients, providing training programs centered around the patient including social scans and observations, and preparing the individuals before providing this training by considering their socio-demographic, medical and diagnostic characteristics.
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Hasta uyumu, Patient compliance, Hipertansiyon, Hypertension, Kırsal bölge, Rural region, Taşra, Provinces, İlaç tedavisi, Drug therapy
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Teke, N. (2016). Kırsal alanda yaşayan hipertansiyonlu bireylerin ilaç tedavisine uyum özetkililik düzeyleri. Selçuk Üniversitesi, Yayımlanmış yüksek lisans tezi, Konya.
