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Öğe Analysis of chromosomes 9 and 11 aneuploidy frequency in pleural effusion of patients with and without malignancy - Interphase FISH technique(TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, 2005) Çora, Tülin; Acar, Hasan; Ceran, Sami; Bodur, SaidFluids of body cavities result in a series of pathophysiological events associated with non-malignant and malignant conditions that lead to the formation of exudative effusion. Diagnosis of effusion from the patients is frequently troublesome for the cytologist because of the differentiation and biological behavior of different cells type in effusion. In the present study, chromosomal aneuploidy status in effusion cells derived from 32 patients including 14 patients with non-malignant diseases and 18 patients with malignant diseases [including malign mesothelioma (n = 6), adeno carcinoma (n = 10), small cell carcinoma (n = 2)] was analyzed by using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with centromere specific probes for chromosomes 9 and 11. There was significant difference in the incidence of chromosomal 9 and 11 aneuploidies when compared with controls (P = 0.000). However, aneuploidies of chromosomes 9 and 11 in effusion cells from patients with malignant disease had significantly higher than in effusion cells from patients with non-malignant (P = 0.000), suggesting that chromosomes 9 and 11 are frequently involved in the status of disease. The present study indicates that there is a association between chromosomes aneuploidies and pleural effusion cell status. Chromosome aneuploidies in non-malignant group may be an indicator of premalignancy.Öğe Coexistence of inverted Y, chromosome 15p+ and abnormal phenotype(MEDECINE ET HYGIENE, 1999) Acar, Hasan; Çora, Tülin; Erkul, ICoexistence of inverted I; chromosome 15p+ and abnormal phenotype: In this study: we report conventional and molecular cytogenetic studies in a patient with multiple anomalies who is a carrier of a pericentric inversion on chromosome Y and a chromosome 15p+. His parents were phenotSpically normal. The father is a carrier of a pericentric inversion of chromosome I; and the mother carries a large chromosome 15p+ variant. The inverted Y chromosome was demonstrated bg GTG- and CBG-banding, and DAPI-staining. The presence of extra chromosomal material on the chromosome 15p, that was C-band and DAPI positive, was demonstrated by trypsin G-banding. This suggests that the extra chromosomal material contained repetitive DNA sequences. NOR-staining indicated the presence a nuclear organizer region at the junction of the chromosome 15p+ material. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), with chromosome X and Y painting probes, alpha- and classic-satellite probes specific for chromosome I: alpha- and beta-satellite III probes for chromosome 15 were used to elucidate the nature of both the inverted Y chromosome and chromosome 15pt. The result with chromosome X and Y painting probes, alpha-satellite, classic-satellite, and DYS59 probes specific for chromosome Y revealed the rearrangement of the Y chromosome was an inv(Y)(p11.2q11.22 or q11.23). FISH with alpha-satellite and beta-satellite III probes for chromosome 15 demonstrated that the extra chromosomal material on the chromosome 15 probably represents beta-satellite III sequences. The possible roles of the simultaneous occurrence of an inverted Y and the amplified DNA sequence on chromosome 15p in the abnormal phenotype of the proband are discussed.Öğe Coexistence of pericentric inversion of chromosome Y and chromosome 15p+ in a case detected with cytogenetic and FISH techniques(KARGER, 1997) Acar, H.; Çora, Tülin; Erkul, I.; Acar, Aynur[Abstract not Available]Öğe Cytogenetic Findings in Couples With Reproductive Wastage(1996) Acar, Aynur; Demirel, Sennur; Çora, Tülin; Durakbaşı, H. Gül; Acar, Hasan; Zamani, Ayşe Gül[Abstract not Available]Öğe Evaluation of Segregation Patterns of 21;21 Robertsonian Translocation Along With Sex Chromosomes and Interchromosomal Effects in Sperm Nuclei of Carrier by Fish Technique(Wiley-Liss, 2002) Acar, Hasan; Yıldırım, Mahmut Selman; Çora, Tülin; Ceylaner, SerdarMeiotic segregation patterns of carriers of Robertsonian translocations (RT) are important for assessing the risk of unbalanced forms. We investigated the ratio of sperm with t(21;21) to sperm with nullisomy for chromosome 21; the segregation of the t(21;21) along with sex chromosomes, and also interchromosomal effects on chromosome 10 by using three color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with telomere specific (Tel 21q) and centromerespecific alpha satellite probes for chromosomes X, Y, and 10. The percentage of cosegregation of t(21;21) with sex chromosomes (49.50%) and without sex chromosomes (46.98%) was not significant. There are no significant differences between the percentages of cosegregation of t(21;21) with chromosome X (23.36%) and with chromosome Y (26.16%). No evidence of an interchromosomal effect on chromosome 10 was detected, the percentage of chromosome 10 aneuploidy being similar to that in controls. In addition, the frequency of diploid sperm nuclei was not significantly higher in the carrier (0.32%) than in the controls (0.44%) (P > 0.05). The sex ratio was similar within the carrier and the controls and between the carrier and the control. Three color-FISH analysis, using different probe combinations, seems a rapid and accurate too[ for direct analysis of meiotic segregation product.Öğe Gebelerde solunum fonksiyon testlerinin araştırılması(Selçuk Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 1987) Çora, Tülin; Divanlı, YıldızBu çalışmada 85 kadında solunum fonksiyon testleri incelendi. Kont rol grubunu oluşturan 24 kadın gebe değildir. Araştırma grubunu oluşturan 61 kadından 20' si birinci, 15 ikinci, 26' sı üçüncü trimestrde gebedir. Zorlu Vital Kapasite (FVC) araştırma ve kontrol grubunda birbirine benzer bulundu. Birinci Saniyedeki Zorlu Vital Kapasite (FEV, ) I. ve II. trimestr de birbirinden farklı bulundu. Birinci Saniyedeki Zorlu Vital Kapasitenin, Zorlu Vital Kapasiteye oranı (FEV, / FVC) araştırma ve kontrol grubunda önemli farklılık göstermektedir. Zorlu Vital Kapasitenin, İdeal Vital Kapasiteye oranı (FVC / VC.) I. ve II. trimestrde kontrol grubuna göre yüksek bulundu. Maksimum İstemli Ventilasyon (MW) gebeliğin üç trimestrinde de azalmış olarak bulundu. Zorlu Expirasyon Akım Ortası Hızı (FMF), kontrol grubuna göre en fazla I. trimestrde düşük bulundu. Solunum sayısı tüm araştırma grubunda kontrol grubuna göre artmıştı. Solunum fonksiyon testleri tüm olarak değerlendirildiğinde, gebeliğin üç trimestrinde de kontrol grubuna göre bir düşme gözlendi.Öğe Incidence of Chromosome 8, 10, X and Y Aneuploidies in Sperm Nucleus of Infertile Men Detected by FISH(Karger, 2000) Acar, Hasan; Kılınç, Mehmet; Çora, Tülin; Aktan, Murat; Taşkapu, HakanWe studied the frequency of aneuploidy in sperm nuclei of six infertile men with abnormal semen profile and normal karyotype, using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with DNA probes for chromosomes 8, 10, X and Y. The control group consisted of four healthy fertile men with normal karyotype and semen profiles. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there are differences between infertile male donors and control donors for: (1) the incidence of sex chromosome aneuploidy, and (2) the number of disomies for chromosomes 8, and 10 cosegregating with chromosomes X and Y. FISH analysis showed no significant differences of sex ratios of the sperm nuclei in and between infertile and control groups. The most significant abnormalities in the infertile group were clusters of sperm nuclei bearing XY and XYY. In addition, the incidence of disomic sperm nuclei for chromosomes 8 and 10 consegregating with sex chromosomes was not significantly different beween the patient and control groups, nor within them. However, the total frequency of aneuploid sperm nuclei was significantly different beween the infertile group and the control group. We observed a significant excess of sperm nuclei bearing chromosome 10 along with disomy for chromosome Y (10YY). In conclusion, our results from FISH analysis demonstrate a significantly increased frequency of aneuploidy for the sex chromosomes in sperm nuclei from infertile men. Therefore it may be concluded that infertility is a risk factor for sex chromosome aneuploidy in sperm nuclei.Öğe Investigation of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) in antrochoanal polyps(W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC, 2019) Yılmaz, Esra; Alataş, Necat; Uçar, Fahri; Çora, Tülin; Buruk, Kurtuluş; Ünlü, YaşarObjectives/hypotheses: This study aimed to investigate the presence of HPV (HPV types 11 and 16) and EBV in antrochoanal polyps and to contribute to the current literature in this regard. Study design: A case-control study. Methods: A total of 100 patients (including 43 patients undergoing surgery for antrochoanal polyp, 27 patients undergoing surgery for nasal polyp, and 30 patients undergoing surgery for hypertrophic inferior turbinate) were included in this study. DNA was isolated from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples with the aid of the Bioneer's AccuPrep Genomic DNA Extraction Kit. In the obtained genomic DNAs, while the detection of HPV DNA was performed using the nested-PCR method, the detection of HPV types 11/16 and EBV DNA was performed using the RT-PCR method. Results: The mean age of the patients with antrochoanal polyp was 26.7 +/- 15.4 years (range 7-70). There were 20 (46.5%) women and 23 (53.5%) men in the antrochoanal polyp group. HPV DNA was positively detected using the nested-PCR method in 14 (32.6%) of the patients with antrochoanal polyp and in 3 (11.1%) of the patients with nasal polyp. HPV DNA was not detected in the hypertrophic inferior turbinate group (control group). There was a statistically significant difference between all groups in terms of HPV DNA positivity. In the antrochoanal polyp group, 2 patients had HPV 11 positivity and 12 patients had HPV 16 positivity. In the nasal polyp group, 1 patient had HPV 11 positivity and 2 patients had HPV 16 positivity. EBV DNA was positively detected in 16 (37.2%) of the patients with antrochoanal polyp, in 11 (40.7%) of the patients with nasal polyp and in 8 (26.7%) of the patients with hypertrophic inferior turbinate, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of EBV DNA positivity. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that there is a need for further studies investigating the presence of viruses in antrochoanal polyps.Öğe The Investigation of Relationship Between Na+/k +atpase Enzyme Activity, Atp1a1 Gene Polymorphism and C-Peptide in Type 2 Diabetic Patients With Neuropathy(2009) Topçu, Cemile; Gürbilek, Mehmet; Aköz, Mehmet; Çora, TülinObjectives: Na+/K+-ATPase is encoded by various genes, of which the ATP1A1 gene is expressed predominantly in peripheral nerves and in erythrocytes. We investigated whether the ATP1A1 polymorphism is associated with Na+/K+-ATPase activity modifications in healthy subjects and in type 2 diabetic patients with polyneuropathy. We also tested whether C-peptide level could influence the relationship between ATP1A1 polymorphism and Na+/K+-ATPase activity. Methods: Na+/K +-ATPase polymorphism has been determined by using polymerasechain reactions and restriction fragment length polymorphism methods. The erythrocyte membrane Na+/K+-ATPase activity measurement was performed with modified Kitao-Hattori method. C-peptide measurements were performed using competitive chemiluminesence enzyme immunoassay method. Results: Na +/K+-ATPase activity was significantly lower in diabetic polyneuropathic patients than in healthy subjects. Correlation between C-peptide levels and Na+/K+-ATPase activity was not detected. All diabetic patients with polyneuropathy and healthy controls were homozygous for the unrestricted allele. Conclusion: Oxidative stress which develops in diabetes causes lipid peroxidation in the membrane and consequently Na +/K+-ATPase activity decreases. Low enzymatic activity leads to decrease in nerve conduction velocity. Therefore, we believe that better regulation of diabetes can abrogate complications and prevent the development of neuropathy.Öğe The Investigation of Relationship Between Na+/K+ ATPase Enzyme Activity, ATP1A1 Gene Polymorphism and C-Peptide in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Neuropathy(TURKISH BIOCHEM SOC, 2009) Topcu, Cemile; Gürbilek, Mehmet; Aköz, Mehmet; Çora, TülinObjectives: Na+/K+-ATPase is encoded by various genes, of which the ATP1A1 gene is expressed predominantly in peripheral nerves and in erythrocytes. We investigated whether the ATP1A1 polymorphism is associated with Na+/K+-ATPase activity modifications in healthy subjects and in type 2 diabetic patients with polyneuropathy. We also tested whether C-peptide level could influence the relationship between ATP1A1 polymorphism and Na+/K+-ATPase activity. Methods: Na+/K+-ATPase polymorphism has been determined by using polymerase-chain reactions and restriction fragment length polymorphism methods. The erythrocyte membrane Na+/K+-ATPase activity measurement was performed with modified Kitao-Hattori method. C-peptide measurements were performed using competitive chemiluminesence enzyme immunoassay method. Results: Na+/K+-ATPase activity was significantly lower in diabetic polyneuropathic patients than in healthy subjects. Correlation between C-peptide levels and Na+/K+-ATPase activity was not detected. All diabetic patients with polyneuropathy and healthy controls were homozygous for the unrestricted allele. Conclusion: Oxidative stress which develops in diabetes causes lipid peroxidation in the membrane and consequently Na+/K+-ATPase activity decreases. Low enzymatic activity leads to decrease in nerve conduction velocity. Therefore, we believe that better regulation of diabetes can abrogate complications and prevent the development of neuropathy.Öğe Investigation of thymoquinone effect on laryngeal cancer cells with KRAS mutant(NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP, 2018) Yenigün, Vildan Betül; Acar, Hasan; Çora, Tülin; Yenigün, Alper; Koçyiğit, Abdürrahim[Abstract not Available]Öğe Lack of association between the glutathione-s-transferase genes (GSTT1 and GSTM1) and nasal polyposis(INT RHINOLOGIC SOC, 2006) Arbağ, Hamdi; Çora, Tülin; Acar, Hasan; Öztürk, Kayhan; Sarı, Fatih; Ulusoy, BülentObjectives: To evaluate the glutation-S-transferase (GST) polymorphisms (GSTM1 and GSTT1) in nasal polyposis (NP). Methods: The study population consisted of 102 unrelated healthy individuals and 98 patients with NP (67 without asthma, 31 with asthma). Genotyping of the polymorphism in the GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes was performed using the multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based method. Results: GSTM1 and GSTT1 null-genotypes were found in 46.1% and 23.5% of the controls, and in 43.9% and 33.7% of the NP patients, respectively. These differences were not significant (for GSTM1 null odds ratio (OR) = 0.92; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.52-1.6 and for GSTT1, OR = 1.65; 9.5% CI = 0.89-3.07). Although no significant difference for combined GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotypes between control (8.8%) and NP patients (17.30%) was found, there was a 2.16-fold increased proportion in the NP with the combined GSTM1-null and GSTT1-null genotype (OR = 2.16; 95% CI = 0.91-5.13). Conclusion: These results suggest that there is lack of association between GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms and NP. The GSTM1 or GSTT1 polymorphisms had also no relevant developing effect on NP patients without or with asthma.Öğe Molecular Cytogenetic Detection of Meiotic Segregation Patterns in Sperm Nuclei of Carriers of 46,xy,t(15;17)(Q21; Q25)(AMER SOC ANDROLOGY, INC, 2002) Çora, Tülin; Acar, Hasan; Kaynak, MuratStructural chromosomal abnormalities in gonadal tissue represent an important category of parentally transmittable unbalanced chromosomal abnormalities to the offspring. A child with multiple anomalies was sent for cytogenetic analysis, and his karyotype was 46,XY,der(17)t(15;17)(q21; q25). This abnormality was transferred from his grandfather to his father and to the proband. In this family, 5 persons (1 female and 4 male) are the carriers of this abnormality. In this study, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) on sperm nuclei of 4 male carriers was studied to determine the distribution of segregation patterns of the balanced translocation 15q;17q. The segregation results showed that the segregation products in the third carrier (the grandfather) were different, but they were not statistically significant. The segregation patterns in the other carriers were similar. Overall, 50.3% of the sperm nuclei (mean value for 4 carriers) analyzed were the result of alternate segregation; 36.9%, of adjacent I segregation; 9.0%, of adjacent 11 segregation; and 2.4%, of 3:1 segregation; the remaining 1.3% could be diploid sperm nuclei or of 4:0 segregation. Multicolor FISH analysis appears to be a rapid and reliable method for the direct analysis of segregation patterns in sperm nuclei of carriers of balanced reciprocal translocation, and it also provides interesting information for determining the possible risks for the offspring.Öğe A Myeloproliferative Disorder Patient with Chromosome 20q Deletion, Trisomy 9 and BCR-ABL Negative(SPRINGER, 2009) Acar, H.; Acar, K.; Balasar, O.; Çora, Tülin; Balasar, Mine[Abstract not Available]Öğe Paediatric myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and juvenile chronic myelogenous leukaemia (JCML) detected by cytogenetic and FISH techniques(WILEY, 1999) Acar, Hasan; Çalışkan, O.; Çora, TülinThis report presents two rare cases, one of paediatric myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and the other juvenile chronic myeloid leukaemia (jCML). In the first case, there were clinical and biological features of MDS-refractory anaemia with excess blasts (RAEB). The bone marrow (BM) karyotype demonstrated a monosomy 7 which was confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). In addition, FISH analysis showed that an alpha-satellite DNA sequence had been transferred from chromosomes 13/21 to one homologue of chromosomes 22. The BCR-ABL rearrangement was negative. In the second case, at diagnosis, the karyotype was 46,XX. FISH analysis with the simultaneous and individual application of abl and bcr probes for chromosome 9 and 22, respectively, revealed the presence of the BCR-ABL rearrangement in addition to an extra ABL sequence locating chromosome 20. A clone that was BCR-ABL gene rearrangement negative but with an extra ABL DNA sequence on chromsome 20, and another clone that was BCR-ABL gene rearrangement negative were detected by DC-FISH and uni-colour (UC-) FISH analysis. No monosomy 7 was detected by conventional cytogenetic or FISH analyses.Öğe Screening of PTEN gene mutations in gastric cancer(Turkiye Klinikleri, 2014) Yiğin, Aysel Kalaycı; Çora, Tülin; Acar, Hasan; Toy, Hatice; Kurar, ErcanObjective: It is not exactly defined how many known gastric cancer causative factors cause cancer in stomach lining cells. PTEN gene is an important tumor suppressor gene that is frequently activated in many cancer cells. In this study, we aimed to investigate the molecular changes of PTEN gene in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma. Material and Methods: Forty seven paraffin-embedded tumor tissues from patients diagnosed with gastric adenocarcinoma and adjacent normal tissues were screened for frequency of PTEN mutations using polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism and high resolution melting curve analyses, and DNA sequencing. Results: There were no mutations in exons 3,4,5,6 in the PTEN gene. However, in 8 patients, a single-nucleotide polymorphism (rs1903858) was revealed by sequencing in the junction of intron 1-exon 2, and its clinical significance is not known. Conclusion: There are no data about the function and frequency of this single-nucleotide polymorphism in gastric cancer patients. Therefore, single-nucleotide polymorphism seen in gastric cancer should be evaluated in a larger population of patients to determine its frequency and function in this group. © 2014 by Türkiye Klinikleri.Öğe Selection of reliable reference genes for qRT-PCR analysis on head and neck squamous cell carcinomas(Scientific Publishers of India, 2017) Yiğin, Aysel Kalaycı; Çora, Tülin; Acar, Hasan; Kurar, Ercan; Kayış, S. A.; Çolpan, Bahar; Öztürk, Kayhan; Hitit, MustafaThe choice of reliable reference genes as an internal control is inevitable to obtain accurate results. Here we present an assessment of 7 reference genes (18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, ACTB, GAPDH, TUBA1, YWHAZ, and SDHA) to normalize gene expression data in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas (HNSCCs). We attempted to determine a reliable set of reference genes to use in the normalization of gene expression data in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas (HNSCCs) and normal mucosal tissues. Malignant and non-malignant tissue samples were collected from 12 patients with primary untreated HNSCC. geNorm and NormFinder software packages were used for data evaluations. Results obtained by geNorm indicated that average expression stability values (M) of all candidates genes were smaller than 1.5 (accepted M value for geNorm), showing that all the evaluated genes can be employed as HKGs, although GAPDH and ACTB were reported to be the most stable. Similarly, NormFinder results were in agreement with geNorm’s results. GAPDH and ACTB are considered to be most suitable reference genes to evaluate novel gene expression in the tissues several of HNSCCs. © 2017, Scientific Publishers of India. All rights reserved.Öğe Sitokhalasin-B ile bloklanmış yenidoğan periferalkan lenfositlerinde fototerapinin uyardığı mikronukleuslar(Selçuk Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 1990) Çora, Tülin; Demirel, ŞennurAraştırmamızda, hiperbilirubinemi tedavisinde yaygın olarak kullanılan fototerapinin in vivo lenfosit kültürlerinde MN oluşumunu uyarıp uyarmadığı incelenmiştir. Çalışmamı 2da, araştırma grubunu oluşturan Ü28 bebeğin foto terapi uygulamasından sonra elde edilen MN değerlerinin ortalaması 14,07 ± 0, SO olarak bulunmuş ve bu değerin fototerapi uygu- lamasından Önce elde edilen değerden (6,54 ± 0,33) istatistiksel olarak önemli derecede yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur 0, 05). Yine beyaz ışık grubunun fototerapi sonrası MN değerleri (14,57 ± 0, 8S) ile mavi ışık grubunun fototerapi sonrası MN değerleri (13,57 ± 0,84) arasında istatistiksel olarak önemli bir fark olmadığı gözlenmiştir (p>0, 05). Çalışmalarımızda kontrol grubu olarak 14 sağlıklı bebek ele alınmış ve yapılan lenfosit kültürlerinde MN frekansı incelenmistir. Kontrol grubunda gözlenen ortalama MN değeri 8,79 ± 0,66 ile fototerapi öncesi elde edilen ortalama MN değeri olan 6, 54 ± 0,33 arasındaki farkın da anlamlı olduğu anlaşılmıştır.Öğe Tip 2 diyabetik nöropatili hastalarda eritrosit zarı Na / K ATPaz enzim aktivitesi, ATP1A1 gen polimorfizmi ile C-peptid arasındaki ilişkinin araştırılması(2009) Topçu, Cemile; Gürbilek, Mehmet; Aköz, Mehmet; Çora, TülinAmaç: Na/K-ATPaz çeşitli genler tarafından kodlanır, bunlardan ATP1A1 geni pe-riferal sinirlerde ve eritrositlerde baskın olarak eksprese edilir. Bu çalışmada Tip 2 di-yabetik polinöropatili hastalarda ve sağlıklı bireylerde ATP1A1 gen polimorfizminin, Na/K-ATPaz enzim aktivitesindeki modifikasyonlarla ilişkisi olup olmadığı araştırıl- dı. Aynı zamanda C-peptid seviyelerinin ATP1A1 gen polimorfizmi ve Na /K -ATPaz enzim aktivitesi arasındaki ilişkiye etkisi araştırıldı. Metot: Na/K -ATPaz gen polimorfizmi, polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu ve restriksiyon fragmenti uzunluk polimorfizmi yöntemleriyle belirlendi. Eritrosit membranı Na /K - ATPaz aktivitesi modifiye edilmiş Kitao-Hattori metodu ile C-peptid düzeyleri kemilu-minesans enzim immunoassay metodu ile ölçüldü. Bulgular: Na /K -ATPaz aktivitesi diyabetik nöropatili hastalarda sağlıklı kontrollere göre düşük bulundu. Na /K -ATPaz aktivitesi ve C-peptid seviyesi arasında bir korelasyon bulunamadı. Tüm diyabetik polinöropatili hastalar ve sağlıklı kontrol grubu, kesilmemiş allel için homozigot olarak bulundu. Bu hastalarda ATP1A1 gen polimorfizminin bulunmaması nöropatiye yatkınlığın olmadığını düşündürmektedir. Sonuç: Diyabette oksidatif stres membranda lipid peroksidasyonuna sebep olmakta ve bunun sonucunda Na /K -ATPaz aktivitesi düşmektedir. Düşük enzimatik aktivite sinir iletim hızının azalmasına neden olmaktadır. Diyabetin iyi regüle edilmesi, komplikasyonları ortadan kaldıracağından nöropati gelişimine engel olunacağı kanaatindeyiz.Öğe Turner sendromu ve primer amenore olgularında serum çinko, bakır ve demir düzeyleri(1998) Demirel, Sennur; Zamani, Ayşegül; Çora, Tülin; Durakbaşı, H. GülBu çalışma, Turner sendromlu ve primer amenoreli olguların serum çinko, bakır ve demir düzeylerini birbirleriyle ve sağlıklı kişilerle karşılaştırmak amacıyla yapıldı. Yöntem: Turner sendromlu, primer amenoreli hastalardan ve sağlıklı bireylerden oluşan kontrol grubundan alınan kan örnekleri santrifüj edilerek serumları ayrıldı ve -20 C'de saklandı. Ölçümler atomik absorbsiyon/emisyon spektrofotometresi ile toplu olarak yapıldı. Bulgular: Turner sendromlu olgularda serum çinko düzeyinin primer amenoreli olgulardan ve kontrol grubundan düşük, serum bakır düzeyinin ise yüksek olduğu saptandı. Serum çinko ve bakır düzeyleri bakımından primer amenoreli grup ile kontrol grubu arasında fark bulunmadı. Her üç grubun demir düzeyleri arasında istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı bir fark saptanmadı. Sonuç: Turner sendromlu olgularda serum çinko düzeyinin düşük, serum bakır düzeyinin yüksek olduğu kanısına varıldı.
