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Barley as an alternative to rice in dog food
(SCIENTIFIC TECHNICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL TURKEY-TUBITAK, 2017) İnal, Fatma; Alataş, Mustafa Selçuk; Kahraman, Oğuzhan; İnal, Şeref; Uludağ, Mustafa; Gürbüz, Emel; Polat, Esad Sami
In this study, 30 mixed-breed, neutered, young adult male dogs at 15-30 kg live weights were used. The foods were produced at a special facility. Dog food produced using 25% barley had a gelatinized starch content significantly greater than that of food produced using 25% rice: 18.36% vs. 17.45%, respectively. No considerable difference was observed in the dogs' preference between the two foods (50.95% vs. 49.05%). Dry matter digestibility of rice and barley food was 86.10% and 83.85% and crude protein digestibility was 80.44% and 79.24%, respectively. Based on the consumption of rice or barley, stool consistency did not change.
Bi?r Yosun Ekstraktinin (Maxicrop) Yumurtacı Tavuklarda Veri?m Üzeri?ne Etki?leri?
(Selçuk Üniversitesi, 1993) Coşkun, Behiç; İnal, Fatma; Şeker, Erdoğan; Gülşen, Nurettin; Arık, H. Derya
In this study, the effects of seaweed soluble powder (maxicrop), used as growth promoter in plants on egg production, feed intake, feed efficiency and egg yolk color in hens were investigated Total 108 hens aged 44 weeks were used and three groups were designed During 12 weeks, the animals fed control feed, the feed containing 0.1 % and 1 % seaweed powder. Later, all groups fed control ration during 5 weeks. In first period, average egg production in groups were 68.23, 74.45 and 62 05 %, respectively (p<0.05) Feed intake for 1 kg eggs was lower in the group fed % 0.1 seaweed powder. It was found, the seaweed powder affected positively to yolk color, but didn't to feed intake. As a result, to increase egg yield, seaweed powder may use in poultry diets but it is needed additional researches about this area.
Buzağı Beslemede Ekonomi?k Değeri? Olmayan Sütleri?n Kullanım Olanakları
(Selçuk Üniversitesi, 1999) İnal, Fatma; Arslan, Cavit
Colostrum should be fed to calves as soon after birth as possible to protect against disease. Colostral milk produced the first 3 to 5 days postpartum is not marketable and usually is produced in excess of the calf's requirement. Surplus colostrum can be frozen and stored for a period of 1 year or longer. Also unsalable milk product has been fermented and fed to calves instead of commercial milk replacers or normal milk. Fermented colostrum for young calves is an excellent source of nutrients. Also it is an effective and economic alternative to whole milk or milk replacer in diet of young calves. Mastitic milk and discard milk (unmarketable milk from cows that were treated for mastitis, metritis or other healthy problems) may be fed fresh, natural fermented or preserved with on organic acid and other chemical (NaHCO3, Na-benzoat, bacterial culture, formaldehyde) for subsequent use. Abnormal milk (bloody or watery) shouldn't be fed. Milk from cows treated with antibiotics for mastitis and other disorders can be fed safely to calves. It can be fed in fresh or fermented form.
Comparison of alfalfa (medicago sativa) energy values estimated by using the nrc-2001, hohenheim and uc davis equations
(KAFKAS UNIV, VETERINER FAKULTESI DERGISI, 2016) Alataş, Mustafa Selçuk; Kara, Kanber; İnal, Fatma; Kahraman, Oğuzhan; Özbilgin, Abdullah; Coşkun, Behiç
In this study, our aim was to compare estimated metabolizable energy (ME) and net energy lactation (NEL) contents in dried alfalfa samples in their different growth stages, using models such as NRC-2001, Hohenheim(Menke) and University of California at Davis (UC Davis). A total of 73 alfalfa hay samples obtained during three different growth stages (Vegetative, Bud and Bloom) were used. Chemical analyses were performed for each sample. Energy values of the alfalfa hay samples were calculated with NRC-2001 equations from chemical analysis results, and with HohenheimMenke and UC Davis equations from in vitro gas production volumes. Gas production in alfalfa samples in vegetative period (S1) was higher than other periods (P<0.001). Again, ME values calculated with all three methods in the alfalfa hay samples of this period were significantly higher than the samples in bud and bloom periods (P<0.001). In addition, energy values obtained with HohenheimMenke equation in all periods were found to be higher than the averages obtained with NRC-2001 and UC Davis equations. It is concluded that, for the alfalfas in vegetative period, a correlation of 85.6% between energy values obtained with NRC-2001 and HohenheimMenke equations, a correlation of 81.8% between energy values obtained with UC Davis and NRC-2001 equations, and over 99% correlation between energy values obtained with HohenheimMenke and UC Davis equations were determined (P<0.000).
A comparison of different analysis methods for milk urea nitrogen
(KAFKAS UNIV, VETERINER FAKULTESI DERGISI, 2015) İnal, Fatma; Gürbüz, Emel; Coşkun, Behiç; Alataş, Mustafa Selçuk
The objective of this study was to develop a reliable and cheap method to determine of milk urea nitrogen and compare some other instrumental methods. Two trials were conducted. In first trial, a milk urea nitrogen testing method was designed by modifying some methods developed for ammonia nitrogen testing method. Several studies were performed for the validation of method. By using standard solutions some applications such as determinability, recovery, repeatability, test of various analyzers and devices, limit of quantification were performed. Recovery of added urea averaged 99.38 %. In second trial, 105 individual milk samples from a dairy farm was analyzed for milk urea nitrogen by modified indophenol, infrared, and MiniFoodLab methods. The means of milk urea nitrogen obtained from three different methods were 23.87, 21.59, and 23.92 mg/dl, respectively. There was a positive correlation between modified indophenol and infrared methods.
Conservation characteristics and protein fractions of cereal silages ensiled with additives at the booting and dough stages of maturity
(SCIENTIFIC TECHNICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL TURKEY-TUBITAK, 2014) Keleş, Gürhan; Coşkun, Behiç; İnal, Fatma; Alataş, Mustafa Selçuk; Ateş, Serkan
The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of organic acid and bacterial inoculant on conservation characteristics and protein fractions as defined by the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System of barley, wheat, rye, triticale, and oat silages ensiled at their booting or dough stage of maturity. The cereal crops were not treated or were treated with bacteria (L. buchneri, L. plantarum, E. faecium) or organic acid (formic acid, propionic acid, sodium formate) and ensiled in 1.0-L anaerobic jars for 45 days. Bacterial inoculant improved the fermentation profile for all cereal silages and increased the dry matter (DM) recovery at both maturity stages. The benefit of bacteria inclusion in the silage was more pronounced when applied at dough stages. Organic acid also improved the fermentation profile for all cereal silages, but it was less effective than the bacteria at both booting and dough stages of maturity. The reduction (P < 0.001) in in vitro DM digestibility was not as sharp as the decrease in crude protein (CP). Protein A fraction and digestible CP were higher (P < 0.001) at the booting stage, while all B fractions and C fraction were higher (P < 0.001) in cereal silages ensiled at the dough stage. It was concluded that additives, in particular bacterial inoculant, can improve fermentation and protein quality at both stages examined.
Determination of Apparent Nutrient Digestibility of Different Roughage Sources in Geese
(EUGEN ULMER GMBH CO, 2003) Arslan, Cavit; İnal, Fatma
The aim of this study was to determine the apparent nutrient digestibility of different roughage sources (alfalfa meal, grass meal, dried sugar beet pulp) in Turkish native geese. Totally, 21 one year old, male geese were used in this experiment. Geese were divided into three groups according to the Eve weight and each goose was kept in an individual cage. The study was conducted according to the 3 x 3 Latin square procedure with 7 repetitions. Apparent nutrient digestibility of roughage was determined by a force feeding method. Apparent digestibility of organic matter, crude fibre, neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre in alfalfa meal, grass meal and dried sugar beet pulp were determined as 47.9, 41.2 and 47.6, 43.8, 27.9 and 24.6 (P < 0.01), 22.8, 29.3 and 45.7 (P < 0.01), 6.9, 16.2 and 19.8% respectively. Apparent nutrient digestibility of alfalfa meal, grass meal and dried sugar beet pulp of Turkish native geese was found to be similar to other geese breeds.
Determination of Optimum Slaughter Weight and Profitability of Brown Swiss Cattle in Turkey
(WFL PUBL, 2010) Garip, Mustafa; Akmaz, Ali; Yılmaz, Alper; Dere, Süleyman; Çağlayan, Tamer; İnal, Şeref; İnal, Fatma
The objectives of this study are determination of optimum weight and comparison of profitability of different slaughter weights in intensively fed Brown Swiss Feeders. Animal material was a total of 30 Brown Swiss calve aging 10-12 months. Also, concentrated fattening feed was obtained from a private feed company and included in animal diets. Average daily gain was 1209.58, 1203.45, 1232.69, 1225.73 and 1193.46 g, feed conversion values 6.98, 7.64, 7.97, 8.58 and 10.07, cold carcass yields 56.96, 54.60, 56.06, 55.75 and 57.25% and finally carcass profitability per kg carcass 3.60 (1.89 (sic)), 2.98 (1.57 (sic)), 2.71(1.43 (sic)), 1.47 (0.77 (sic)) and 0.33 (0.17 (sic)) TL (Turkish Liras) for 450, 500, 550, 600 and 700 kg slaughter groups, respectively. As a result, it can be concluded that the most profitable optimum slaughter weight is about 500-550 kg for Turkish Brown Swiss Cattle. Also, 8-10 months age animals should be preferred in beef programs. We can also suggest that a 6-8 months fattening program to obtain 500-550 kg body weight will be more profitable.
Determination of protein degradability of alfalfa hay via buffer or protease
(TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2018) İnal, Fatma; Tamkoç, Ahmet; Alataş, Mustafa Selçuk; Kahraman, Oğuzhan; Özbilgin, Abdullah; Coşkun, Behiç
This study was conducted to determine the effect of different vegetative periods on protein fractions of alfalfa hay and to compare two different methods for estimation of its protein degradability. In this study, 44 alfalfa hay samples cut in late vegetative, late bud, early bloom and late bloom were used. Crude protein decreased with advancing maturity (p<.05), but neutral detergent insoluble nitrogen and acid detergent insoluble nitrogen were similar. Protein degradability of the samples was estimated using Streptomyces griseus protease or borate-phosphate buffer, kinetic model, as described in Cornell Net Carbohydrate Protein System (CNCPS). Alfalfa hay samples were subjected to proteolysis for 30h with 0.115 U/mL or 0.230 U/mL of the protease at pH 6.8. There was a moderate correlation (0.66, 0.72) between enzymatic and buffer method estimates with protein degradation. As vegetation progresses, rapidly degradable fraction (A) decreased (p < .05) and undegradable fraction (C) increased (p < .05), while potentially degradable fraction (B) was unchanged. Rumen degradable protein content decreased (p < .05) with advancing maturity. The enzyme/duration limits should be standardised and investigated whether the protease enzyme alone is sufficient for all forages.
Determination of Protein Ruminal Degradabilities of Some Protein Sources
(ECOLE NATIONALE VETERINAIRE TOULOUSE, 2003) Umucalilar, HD; Coskun, B; Gülşen, Nurettin; Polat, ES; İnal, Fatma
In this experiment, some of the protein sources such as meat-bone meal (MBM), fish meal (FM), soybean meal (SBM), cotton seed meal (CSM) and sun flower meal (SFM) samples were incubated in rumen for varying periods by using Nylon-bag technique and have been monitored for the Dry Matter Degradation (DMD), Crude Protein Degradation (CPD) and Effective Rumen Degradability of Protein (ERDP). The ERDP values of MBM was 50.26 %, FM 38.12 %, SBM 61.38 %, CSM 59.79 % and SFM 75.74 % in 5 % outflow rate/hour. There was a considerable variation in dry matter and protein degradation within and between feedstuffs.
The Determination of Situation and Breed Characteristics of Turkish Rahvan Horse in Turkey
(MEDWELL ONLINE, 2010) Çaglayan, Tamer; İnal, Şeref; Garip, Mustafa; Coşkun, Behiç; İnal, Fatma; Günlü, Aytekin; Güleç, Ertuğrul
This study was conducted to determine body characteristics and speeds of Rahvan horses racing at Pace Horse Races in Turkey. A total of 1258 Rahvan horses racing at 20 pace races between 1 999 and 2000 years in Turkey were inspected. The speeds of 125 winner horses and body measurements of 120 Rahvan horses were determined. The speeds of winner horses racing at different native categories were calculated as 21.66-34.20 km h(-1) for Tozkoparan, 25.11-37.04 km h(-1) for Deste, 28.97-39.07 km h(-1) for Kucuk orta, 30.20-36.63 km h(-1) for Buyuk orta, 27.05-43.06 km h(-1) for Bas alti, 32.26-40.52 km h(-1) for Has, respectively. The averages of head length, neck length, height at withers, body length, height at rump, heart girth circumference, chest depth, chest width and cannon bone circumference as body measurements were found as 56.49, 69.80, 139.21, 141.60, 138.28, 155.30, 58.38, 34.24 and 17.69 cm, respectively. There is no significantly difference for inspected body measurements among age or sex groups, except for cannon bone circumference. The averages of cannon bone circumference of 3 years old horses and mares were found as lower than the others (p<0.05). And the ratio of height at rump to height at withers in mares was higher than stallions (p<0.05). The Pacing speed of Turkish Rahvan Horses was found as lower than the other breeds that can pace in. the World. It was concluded that Turkish Rahvan Horses should be improved with respect to increase height at withers and to lengthen and to thin neck.
The Determination of Viscosity in Barley and Using Possibilities of Barleys, Having Different Viscosity, Supplemented With Enzyme in Layer Diets
(Indian Counc Agricultural Res, 2000) İnal, Fatma; Coşkun, B.; Balevi, Tahir; Umucalılar, H. D.; Gülşen, N.; Özkara, R.
This study was conducted as 3 step set of experiments to investigate the possibility of using hydrolytic enzyme in laying diets. In the first trial, the crude nutrients and acid extract viscosity values of 78 barley grain samples collected from different regions of Turkiye were determined. CP values were ranging from 9.83 to 13.40% and acid extract viscosity were from 1.64 to 12.64 cS. Samples were grouped as low, medium and high viscosity barley grains. In the second trial, a commercial enzyme mixture (xylanase, alpha amylase, cellulase, glucanase, pectinase 22%, lactose 75%, citric acid 2.5%, and protease 0.5%) was added to barley samples in an inclusion of 150 mg/kg. Enzyme supply reduced the viscosities like 3.95 to 3.81 for low, 6.14 to 4.20 for medium and 10.07 to 8.53 for high viscosity classed barley samples. A control diet based corn and six experimental diets containing 30% barley (w/w) in low medium and high viscosity subgroups with and without enzyme supplementation were prepared and fed to 210 laying hens located in cages at the age of 30 weeks (n=30) for 12 weeks. The productive performance differences between treatment groups were not statistically significant. Feed consumed per dozen eggs was 2.00kg in control and 2.07kg in high viscosity barley consuming groups. In the third trial, metabolisable energy values of barley samples and the effect of enzyme supplementation on ME were determined in cockerels. The ME values were 13.90, 14.24 and 13.71 MJ/kg DM.
Effect of Lactose and Dried Whey Supplementation on Growth Performance and Histology of the Immune System in Broilers
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2002) Gülşen, Nurettin; Coşkun, B.; Umucalılar, H. D.; İnal, Fatma; Boydak, Murat
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of lactose and dried whey supplementation as dietary component on growth performance and histology of lymphoid organs and ileum in broilers. A total of 480 day-old chicks were utilised for 42 days. Animals were assigned randomly to one of three treatments: control, lactose (2.5%), and dried whey (3.85%). Body weight was greater for animals supplemented with lactose or dried whey than for those not supplemented. There were no effects of treatments on feed intake and feed efficiency. In general, the effects of lactose or dried whey supplementation on histology of lymphoid organs and ileum were variable. Plasma cell counts were lower for animals supplemented with lactose than for those supplemented with dried whey. However, the length of intestinal villi during the starter period was greater for experimental groups than for control group.
The effects of additional glycerol in different feed form on dairy cows
(KAFKAS UNIV, VETERINER FAKULTESI DERGISI, 2012) Coşkun, Behiç; İnal, Fatma; Gürbüz, Emel; Polat, Esad Sami; Alataş, Mustafa Selçuk
This research was conducted to determine the impact of diet supplementation with glycerol in form of mash or pelleted feed on milk yield, milk composition, live weight and changes in body condition scoring and the effect of on blood plasma glucose, nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) and beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) concentrations of dairy cows. In middle lactation stage, Holstein dairy cows (n = 94) were divided into three main groups: (1) control (n = 40); (2) mash concentrated feed+ glycerol group (n = 27); and (3) pelleted concentrated feed + glycerol (n = 27). Glycerol is added into concentrated feed at the rate of 5%. The study was lasted 69 d. There was not a significant difference among groups in terms of milk yield, body weight and plasma glucose, NEFA and BHBA concentrations. In the last day of study, milk solid non fat (SNF) were higher and milk urea-N content were lower in pelleted feed+ glycerol group (P < 0.05).
The effects of additional glycerol in different feed form on dairy cows
(Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2012) Coşkun, Behiç; İnal, Fatma; Gürbüz, Emel; Polat, Esat Sami; Alataş, Mustafa Selçuk
This research was conducted to determine the impact of diet supplementation with glycerol in form of mash or pelleted feed on milk yield, milk composition, live weight and changes in body condition scoring and the effect of on blood plasma glucose, nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) and ?-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) concentrations of dairy cows. In middle lactation stage, Holstein dairy cows (n = 94) were divided into three main groups: (1) control (n = 40); (2) mash concentrated feed+ glycerol group (n = 27); and (3) pelleted concentrated feed + glycerol (n = 27). Glycerol is added into concentrated feed at the rate of 5%. The study was lasted 69 d. There was not a significant difference among groups in terms of milk yield, body weight and plasma glucose, NEFA and BHBA concentrations. In the last day of study, milk solid non fat (SNF) were higher and milk urea-N content were lower in pelleted feed+ glycerol group (P<0.05).
Effects of Continuous Supplementations of Ascorbic Acid, Aspirin, Vitamin E and Selenium on Some Haematological Parameters and Serum Superoxide Dismutase Level in Broiler Chickens
(Carfax Publishing, 2000) Traş, Bünyamin; İnal, Fatma; Baş, Ahmet Levent; Altunok, Vahdettin; Elmas, Muammer; Yazar, Enver
1. This study was conducted using male broiler chickens to determine the effects of ascorbic acid, aspirin, ascorbic acid+aspirin, vitamin E+selenium and ascorbic acid+aspirin+vitamin E+selenium supplementations on haematological parameters and serum superoxide dismutase concentration. 2. One hundred and twenty day-old male Hubbunt broiler chicks were randomly divided into 6 experimental groups of 20 chicks each and placed in different pens. Groups 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 were given a diet supplemented with ascorbic acid, aspirin (in water), ascorbic acid+aspirin, vitamin E+selenium and ascorbic acid+aspirin+vitamin E+selenium, respectively for 45 d while group 1 was given a commercial broiler diet. 3. There was no significant effect of ascorbic acid, aspirin, ascorbic acid+aspirin, vitamin E+selenium supplementations on any of the haematological parameters (red blood cell, haemoglobin, haematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, mean corpuscular haemoglobin) in broilers but ascorbic acid+aspirin+vitamin E+selenium supplementation significantly decreased the white blood cell counts. 4. In addition to this, ascorbic acid, aspirin, ascorbic acid+aspirin and ascorbic acid+aspirin+vitamin E+selenium supplementations had no significant effect on the serum superoxide dismutase level, but vitamin E+selenium supplementation increased the serum superoxide dismutase level.
Effects of Continuous Supplementations of Ascorbic Acid, Aspirin, Vitamin E, and Selenium on Performance, Immune Response, and Some Biochemical Parameters Under Normal Environmental and Management Conditions in Broilers
(EUGEN ULMER GMBH CO, 2001) Traş, Bünyamin; İnal, Fatma; Baş, Ahmet Levent; Altunok, Vahdettin; Elmas, Muammer; Yazar, Enver
Male broiler chickens were used to determine the effects of ascorbic acid, aspirin, ascorbic acid + aspirin, vitamin E + selenium, and ascorbic acid + aspirin + vitamin E + selenium supplementation on performance, IgG levels, and some biochemical parameters in blood. Three hundred and ninety six 1-day-old male. Hubbunt broilers were randomly divided into six groups. Each group was placed in different pens and feed and water were provided ad libitum. Performance parameters (body weight, feed intake and feed conversion), IgG levels, vitamins A and E, and some biochemical parameters in blood (Na, K, Cl, total protein and albumin) were measured on days 15, 30, and 45 in all groups. The results revealed at the end of the study showed that aspirin, vitamin C, vitamin E + selenium administrations exhibited no effects on levels of vitamin A, vitamin E, total protein, albumin, Na, Cl and K in blood, while aspirin administration decreased IgG level. Vitamin C administration increased IgG level in serum, aspirin + vitamin C administration increased albumin and K in serum, aspirin + vitamin C + vitamin E + selenium administration increased vitamin E and Na level in serum. Also, there was no significant difference in performance between the control and the experimental groups. It was suggested that vitamin C administration to diets may be useful for broiler breeds due to the observed increased IgG level.
Effects of feeding diets with different protein levels on preference and some blood parameters in dogs
(2018) İnal, Fatma; Alataş, Mustafa Selçuk; İnal, Şeref; Uludağ, Mustafa; Gürbüz, Emel; Polat, Esad Sami; Kahraman, Oğuzhan
Aim: This study aimed to establish the effect of different dietaryprotein levels on certain blood parameters and food preferenceof dogs.Materials and Methods: A sample of 30 neutered, adult maledogs, with live weights of approximately 15-30 kg. Twenty-eightof dogs were fed four manufactured diets that respectively contained18%, 21%, 25%, and 28% crude protein in dry matter fora period of one month. Blood samples were taken at the beginningand at the end of the study.Results: The blood urea nitrogen levels were found to be significantlyaffected by the protein level in the diet, however, creatinine,total protein, albumin, and phosphorus levels were notfound to be directly affected by dietary protein. It was determinedthat dogs prefer food with higher protein content in thepreference test conducted with thirty dogs.Conclusion: There were no adverse effects on the blood parametersof the different protein levels. The effects of high proteinfoods on kidney function should be monitored using differentmethods.
The effects of live yeast culture (saccharomyces cerevisiae) on rumen fermentation and nutrient degradability in yearling lambs
(KAFKAS UNIV, VETERINER FAKULTESI DERGISI, 2010) İnal, Fatma; Gürbüz, Emel; Coşkun, Behiç; Alataş, Mustafa Selçuk; Çitil, Özcan Barış; Polat, Esad Sami; Şeker, Erdoğan
This study was carried out in two experiments. Experiment 1 was conducted with six ruminally-cannulated one-year old Kangal Akkaraman male lambs, using a crossover design with 2 periods to determine the effects of live yeast culture supplementation on rumen fermentation. Yearlings were either supplemented with 4 g/d of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (BeneSacc, 4x10(9) CFU/g) or not supplemented (control). Animals were penned individually, and were fed a diet composed of 25% forage and 75% concentrate for sixteen days. Rumen fluid was sampled on day 16, 0 h (before feeding), 3 h and 6 h after feeding. Rumen pH, the numbers of protozoa, ammonia-N and volatile fatty acids (VFA) were determined in samples. Molar proportions of acetate were decreased, and propionate was increased with supplementation of live yeast culture. No differences were observed for ruminal pH, protozoa population, total VFA and ammonia-N concentrations, between treatments. In Experiment 2, in situ nutrient degradability of barley grain, corn dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) and wheat straw were determined. Live yeast culture supplementation did not affect dry matter (DM) degradability of barley, DDGS or straw, crude protein (CP) degradability of DDGS, nor neutral detergent fiber (NDF) degradability of straw. But, it reduced the potential degradability of DDGS in rumen..
Effects of Supplemental Fructo-Oligosaccharide and Mannan-Oligosaccharide on Nutrient Digestibilities, Volatile Fatty Acid Concentrations, and Immune Function in Horses
(Scientific Technical Research Council Turkey-Tubitak, 2010) Gürbüz, Emel; İnal, Fatma; Ata, Sakine Ülküm; Çitil, Özcan Barış; Kav, Kürşat; Küçükkaya, Fatih
This research was performed to study the effects of fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) and mannan-oligosaccharide (MOS) on nutrient digestibilities, fecal pH and volatile fatty acids compositions, and immune function in adult horses. Four adult Thoroughbred horses were used in a 4x4 Latin Square design with 20-day treatment periods. A 12-day adaptation phase was followed by 6-day collection of feces and 2-day blood sampling phases. Four different treatments were administered: 1) Control (no supplemental FOS or MOS; 2) 30 g of FOS/d; 3) 30 g of MOS/d; 4) 15 g of FOS+15 g of MOS/d. There were no differences among treatments in the fecal pH and volatile fatty acids compositions (P > 0.05). Nutrient digestibilities did not differ among treatments (P > 0.05). Also, no differences were found in the IgA, IgG, and IgM levels among the treatments (P > 0.05). Fructo-oligosaccharides, MOS, or FOS+MOS supplementation did not affect gut health and immune system in adult horses compared to control.

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