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Öğe The anatomic analysis of the vidian canal and the surrounding structures concerning vidian neurectomy using computed tomography scans(ASSOC BRASILEIRA OTORRINOLARINGOLOGIA & CIRURGIA CERVICOFACIAL, 2019) Açar, Gülay; Çiçekcibaşı, Aynur Emine; Çukurova, İbrahim; Özen, Kemal Emre; Şeker, Muzaffer; Güler, İbrahimIntroduction: The type of endoscopic approach chosen for vidian neurectomy can be specified by evaluating the vidian canal and the surrounding sphenoid sinus structures. Objective: The variations and morphometry of the vidian canal were investigated, focusing on the functional correlations between them which are crucial anatomical landmarks for preoperative planning. Methods: This study was performed using paranasal multidetector computed tomography images that were obtained with a section thickening of 0.625 mm of 250 adults. Results: The distributions of 500 vidian canal variants were categorized as follows; Type 1, within the sphenoid corpus (55.6%); Type 2, partially protruding into the sphenoid sinus (34.8%); Type 3, within the sphenoid sinus (9.6%). The pneumatization of the pterygoid process is mostly seen in vidian canal Type 2 (72.4%) and Type 3 (95.8%) (p < 0.001). The mean distances from the vidian canal to the foramen rotundum and the palatovaginal canal were greater in the vidian canal Type 2 and 3 with the pterygoid process pneumatization (p < 0.001). The prevalence of the intrasphenoid septum between the vidian canal and the vomerine crest and lateral attachment which ending on carotid prominence were much higher in vidian canal Type 3 than other types (p < 0.001). The mean angle between the posterior end of the middle turbinate and the lateral margin of the anterior opening of the vidian canal was measured as 33.05 +/- 7.71 degrees. Conclusions: Preoperative radiologic analysis of the vidian canal and the surrounding structures will allow surgeons to choose an appropriate endoscopic approach to ensure predictable postoperative outcomes. (c) 2017 Associacao Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cervico-Facial. Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda.Öğe Attitudes of Medical Freshmen's About Some Principles of Professionalism(Drunpp-Sarajevo, 2010) Karaoğlu, Nazan; Okka, Berrin; Şeker, MuzafferObjectives: The baseline of teaching professionalism is teaching cognitive bases of professionalism and internalization of its values by students. It is necessary to know the current status of professionalism and then educating about lapses of it and assessing the results. This study aims to determine the proper attitudes and the effect of six month faculty experience to these attitudes. Study Design: An anonymous and voluntary questionnaire consisting of brief socio-demographic variables and 25 sentences about some principles of professionalisms was applied to the new entrants of Selcuk University Meram Medical Faculty at the first and terms of 2007-2008 academic years. Chi-square test was used in statistical analyses and significance accepted as p=0.05. Results: The first questionnaire represented 76.9% (107/139), and second 179.8% (111/139) of new entrants. There were 54 male (50.5%), 53 female (49.5%) in the first group and 62 male (55.9%) and 49 female (44.1%) in the second group. In answers of sentences there was a significant negative change about professionalism in seven items and a non-significant negative change in 11 items. Conclusion: This study shows negative changes in the attitudes of new entrants towards some principles of professionalism. It must be the first aim to integrate these lapsing points to the curriculum and to evaluate the results.Öğe Brachial Plexus Variations in Human Fetuses(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2003) Uysal, İsmihan İlknur; Şeker, Muzaffer; Karabulut, Ahmet Kağan; Büyükmumcu, Mustafa; Ziylan, TanerOBJECTIVE: We examined the anatomic variations of the brachial plexus (BP) in human fetuses. METHODS: This study was performed with 200 BPs from spontaneously aborted fetuses without detectable malformations. The plexuses were dissected, and the normal position and/or morphological variations of the BP were determined and photographed. RESULTS: There were no variations in 93 plexuses, and 107 plexuses were observed to have different variations. Morphological variations were observed more frequently among female fetuses and right sides. The BPs were composed mostly of the C5, C6, C7, and C8 nerves and the T1 nerve. (71.5%). A prefixed plexus was observed in 25.5% of cases, and a postfixed plexus was observed in 2.5% of cases. In one case (0.5%), the C4 and T2 nerves joined the formation. The inferior trunk was not formed in 9% of cases. The superior trunk was not formed in 1% of cases. In one plexus, the superior trunk was formed by the ventral rami of the C4 and C5 nerves. In one case, the inferior trunk was formed by the ventral rami of the T1 and T2 nerves. Division variations were observed most frequently. There were also variations in the terminal branches, such as the roots of the median nerve joining in the distal part of the arm (8.5%), the axillary nerve being separate from the posterior division of the superior trunk (2.5%), and a connection existing between the median and musculocutaneous nerves (1%). CONCLUSION: Knowledge of BP variations is important for surgeons who perform surgical procedures in the cervical and axillary regions.Öğe Communications Between the Palmar Digital Branches of the Median and Ulnar Nerves: A Study in Human Fetuses and a Review of the Literature(Wıley, 2010) Ünver Doğan, Nadire; Uysal, İsmihan İlknur; Karabulut, Ahmet Kağan; Şeker, Muzaffer; Ziylan, TanerIn this study, median nerves (MNs) and ulnar nerves (UNs) were dissected in 200 palmar sides of hands (left and right) of 100 (50 male, 50 female) spontaneously aborted fetuses with no detectable malformations. The fetuses, whose gestational ages ranged from 13 to 40 weeks, were dissected under an operating microscope. The MN divided first into a lateral ramus and a medial ramus and then formed a common digital nerve. The first common digital nerve trifurcated in all of the studied cases. The branching patterns were classified into two types (Type 1 and Type 2) based on the relationship with the flexor retinaculum (behind/distal of it). A communication branch between the UNs and MNs in the palmar surface of the hand was found in 59 hands (29.5%). The proper palmar digital nerves were numbered from p1 to p10, starting from the radial half of the thumb to the ulnar half of the little finger, and these nerves exhibited six types of variations. The present data obtained from human fetuses will aid in elucidating the developmental anatomy of the nervous system and provide hand surgeons with a more complete anatomical picture to help them to avoid iatrogenic injuries.Öğe The Communications Between the Ulnar and Median Nerves in Upper Limb(2009) Ünver Doğan, Nadire; Uysal, İsmihan İlknur; Şeker, MuzafferThe basic anatomy of the median and ulnar nerves in the upper limb is well described in textbooks. Besides detailed anatomy of the communications between median and ulnar nerves was designed to help hand surgeons understand both anatomic variations and paradoxic complaints of sensory and motor loss of patients. Reports in the literature describe the four communicating branches between median and ulnar nerves in the upper limb. We would like to summarize previous studies in order to be understood properly and make general comments on this complex relationship between structure and innervation. © Neuroanatomy.Öğe Congenital morphological abnormalities of the distal vertebral arteries (CMADVA) and their relationship with vertigo and dizziness(INT SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION, INC, 2004) Paksoy, Yahya; Vatansev, Hüsamettin; Şeker, Muzaffer; Üstün, Mehmet Erkan; Büyükmumcu, Mustafa; Akpınar, ZehraBackround: The aim of our study was to identify congenital morphological abnormalities of distal vertebral arteries (CMADVA) and their association with cerebral hypoperfusion leading to vertigo, and the role of MR and MRA in the diagnosis of vertebrobasilar (VB) abnormalities. Materials/Methods: 768 patients who complained of dizziness and/or vertigo were included in the study and evaluated by MR and MRA. CMADVAs were determined in 88 of the cases with no other explanation for vertigo and dizziness. 150 patients without dizziness or vertigo were used as a control group. The 3D TOF (Time-of-flight) MR angiographic technique was used. Results: CMADVAs were detected in 88 of 768 patients (11.5%) with vertigo and/or dizziness. We also detected CMADVAs in 4 (2.7%) of 150 persons in the control group. The patients with abnormal vertebral artery findings were classified into ten categories. Lacunar infarcts in the brain stem were found in 8 patients after long-duration vertigo attacks. There was significant correlation between the control and vertigo groups in terms of CMADVA (p=0.0001). After excluding the control group, there was a significant relationship between CMADVA and vertigo and/or dizziness symptoms (P=0.0001). Conclusions: We believe that vertigo and dizziness associated with CMADVA is a real entity that deserves greater attention. For this reason, the vertebrobasilar system in these patients should be examined for CMADVA with MRA. This would enable us to take preventive measures against brainstem ischemia or at least elucidate the etiology of vertigo in these patients.Öğe The Effects of Splenic Artery Ligation in an Experimental Model of Secondary Hypersplenism(Royal College Surgeons Edinburgh, 2000) Şahin, Mustafa; Tekin, Şakir; Aksoy, Fatih; Vatansev, Hüsamettin; Şeker, Muzaffer; Avunduk, Mustafa Cihat; Kartal, AdilObjective: To induce hypersplenism in rats by splenic vein ligation and to investigate the effects of splenic artery ligation in this model. Background: Selective arterial embolisation and splenic artery ligation (SAI,) are used in the treatment of secondary hypersplenism in some medical centres but these methods are not common. Materials and Methods: Thirty male Saprague-Dawley rats were allocated to three groups (n=10). The first group underwent laparotomy, the second and third groups underwent laparotomy and splenic vein ligation. At the end of the third week, laparotomy was performed in the first and second groups and splenic artery ligation in the third group. Erythrocyte, leukocyte and platelet counts were performed weekly. At the end of the sixth week, the animals were sacrificed and the spleens were taken for histopathologic examination. Results: In the second and third groups, after splenic vein ligation, the erythrocyte and platelet counts mere significantly reduced at the end of the second week (p<0.01), In the second group, which underwent splenic vein ligation only, the levels remained low throughout the experiment. In the third group, after splenic artery ligation, there were rises in both erythrocyte and platelet counts; the levels were similar to the levels in the control group at three weeks after splenic artery ligation (p>0.05), No significant changes were observed in the leukocyte counts throughout the experiment (p>0.05), Conclusions: Splenic vein ligation successfully induces experimental secondary hypersplenism, This state can be ameliorated by splenic artery ligation.Öğe I?nsan Fötuslarında Damar Gelişimlerinin Mikrodiseksiyonla İncelenmesi(1999) Büyükmumcu, Mustafa; Şeker, Muzaffer; Karabulut, A. Kağan; Ziylan, Taner; Uysal, İlknurAmaç: Bu çalışmada insan fötuslarının 2. ve 3. trimester süresince arcus aortae, Aorta thoracica, Aorta abdominalis ve dallarının gelişim ve morfolojisine yönelik normal morfometrik değerlerin elde edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Gelişim yaşı CRL aracılığı ile belirlenen 60 abort insan fötusunda 2. ve 3. trimester'de büyük damarların büyüme ve gelişimleri incelendi. Fötuslar % 10 formalin içinde korundu. Her bir vakada rutin diseksiyon kuralları uygulandı. Kalınlık ölçümlerinde damarların dış çap ölçümleri esas alındı. Kalp ve büyük damarların ince diseksiyonundan sonra damarların kalınlık ve uzunluk ölçümleri kumpas aracılığı ile belirlenerek sonuçlar yaş ve cinsiyete göre değerlendirildi. Bulgular: 2. trimesterde aorta bölümlerine ait kalınlık ve uzunluk değerleri yönünden her iki cinsiyet arasında farklılık tespit edilemezken 3. trimesterde tüm parametrelerde farklılık belirlendi (P0.05). Sonuç: İnsan fötusunda aorta gelişimine yönelik normal değerlerin ve bunların birbirlerine oranlarının farklı gestasyonal yaşlarda ortaya çıkabilecek değişiklikleri belirlenerek kongenital vasküler hastalıkların teşhisinde kullanılabileceği düşünülmektedir.Öğe I?nsan Fötusunda Kalp Kapakları Gelişiminin ve Aralarındaki İlişkinin Ultrasonografi ve Diseksiyon Yöntemleri ile Araştırılması(2001) Karabulut, A. Kağan; Uysal, İ. İlknur; Şeker, Muzaffer; Acar, Ali; Büyükmumcu, MustafaAmaç: insan fötuslarında kalp kapaklarının gelişiminin ultrasonografi ve diseksiyonla belirlenerek gestasyonel yaşla (GY) korelasyonunu araştırmak. Yöntem: Komplikasyonsuz ve tek fötuslu 48 gebede fötus kalp kapakları gelişimi prospektif olarak ultrasonografi ile değerlendirildi. GY'ları 23-39 hafta arasında değişen fötuslarda mitral, triküspit, aorta ve pulmoner kapak çapları ölçüldü. Ayrıca Anatomi Anabilim Dalı fetus kolleksiyonundan alınan ve GY'ları 14-40 hafta arasında değişen spontan abort 70 adet fötusta kalp kapakları ölçüldü. Ölçüm verileri ile GY arasındaki korelasyon değerlendirildi. Ayrıca, diseksiyon verileri cinsiyete göre karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Kalp kapakları gelişimi ile GY arasında pozitif korelasyon saptandı. Ultrasonografik verilere göre aorta ve triküspit kapak gelişim hızı, diseksiyon verilerine göre ise pulmoner kapak çapı haricindeki tüm parametrelerde gelişim hızı 2. trimestrda daha fazla bulundu. Pulmoner kapak çapı ile GY arasındaki korelasyonda trimestrlar arasında anlamlı bir farklılık saptanmadı. Ölçümler, cinsiyete göre bir farklılık göstermedi. Sonuç: insan fötus kalp kapaklarının gelişimine ait veriler, fötal kalp gelişiminin değerlendirilmesi ve konjenital kardiyak defektlerin doğum öncesi tanısında yararlı olabilir.Öğe İlaç uygulama becerilerinin önemi ve bu konuda öğrenci geri bildirimleri üzerine Selçuk Üniversitesi’nde bir analiz(2009) Karaoğlu, Nazan; Şeker, MuzafferAmaç: İlaç uygulama becerileri klinik yıllardaki eğitimlerde ve hekimlik pratiğinde sık kullanılan becerilerdir ve hem mesleksel riskler hem de tıbbi hatalar içinde sıkça adları geçmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı tıp eğitiminde ilaç uygulamaları becerilerinin önemine vurgu yapmak ve öğrenci geri bildirimlerini inceleyerek mesleki beceri laboratuarı uygulamalarımızı değerlendirmektir. Yöntem: Geriye dönük olarak üç buçuk yıllık bir süreçte ilaç uygulama becerileri hakkındaki öğrenci geri bildirimleri incelendi. Dokuz kategoride değerlendirilen 2671 geri bildirimin sonuçları yıllara ve uygulamalara göre karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Beceri eğitiminin basamaklandırılması (p0.018), öğrencilerin uygulamayı kendi yapma düzeyleri (p0.000), uygulatıcının tutumu (p0.026) ve genel olarak beceri eğitimini almaktan memnuniyet (p0.016) yıllar içinde anlamlı olarak düzelmiş görünmektedir. Toplam geri bildirim puanlarına bakıldığında akademik yıllar arasında fark yokken (p0.088), beceriler bazında ise subkutan enjeksiyon ile intravenöz enjeksiyon ve serum takma becerileri arasında anlamlı fark olduğu görülmektedir (p0.004). Sonuç: Bu çalışma mesleki beceri laboratuarlarında ilaç uygulama becerisi eğitiminin öğrenciler tarafından olumlu olarak değerlendirildiğini göstermektedir.Öğe İnsan fötuslarında Willis poligonuna ait varyasyonların araştırılması(1999) Büyükmumcu, Mustafa; Karabulut, A. Kağan; Şeker, Muzaffer; Ziylan, Taner; Salbacak, Ahmet; Erongun, UğurÇalışmada ortalama yaşları 20 hafta olan abort fötusların Willis poligonlarındaki varyasyonlar, bulundukları segmentler ve sıklıklarının araştırılması amaçlandı. Bu amaçla her bir poligonu oluşturan segmentler kırmızı lateks ile doldurularak, poligonların fotoğrafları çekildi. Çalışılan fötusların sekiz tanesinde (% 26) normal Willis poligonu gözlenirken, 24'ünde ise (%74) asimetrik poligon belirlendi. Poligonların tamamında arterlerin tam olduğu gözlendi. Poligonlarda bulunan varyasyon çeşitleri ve oranları kaydedildi. Poligonlardaki konfigurasyon oranları belirlendi. Bu çalışmada fötuslardaki varyasyon oranlarının yetişkinler için bildirilenlerden daha az olduğu ve üçüncü A2 insidansının yetişkinlerdeki oranlarla uyum gösterdiği tesbit edildi.Öğe Is Medical Education Really Stressful? A Prospective Study in Selcuk University, Turkey(Kuwait Medical Assoc, 2012) Karaoğlu, Nazan; Şeker, MuzafferObjective: To explore, if medical education is really a risk factor for medical students' well-being due to their various type of exposures and the resultant psychological morbidity, reported Design: A prospective questionnaire based study Setting: Selcuk University Meram Medical Faculty, Konya, Turkey Subjects: New entrants to the medical faculty Intervention: A self-administered questionnaire consisting of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) with demographic variables and questions related to visions about medical career was administered prospectively. The important life events, challenges confronted and suicidal ideas were evaluated. Main Outcome Measure: Anxiety and depression levels Results: During three years, 138 (84.1%), 98 (62.8%) and 101 (64.7%) students answered the questionnaire and the mean anxiety scores were 7.35 +/- 3.17, 8.47 +/- 4.26 and 7.36 +/- 4.14, respectively (p = 0.05). The mean depression score of 5.03 +/- 3.37 in the first year increased to 6.66 +/- 4.11 in the second year and decreased to 5.62 +/- 3.62 in the third year (p = 0.00). Male students had higher depression than females in all three assessments (p < 0.05). In Y3, students who did not make informed decisions were feeling more anxiety (p = 0.00). Students who had suicidal idea had higher scores in HADS (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Medical education uniquely did not seem to be a stressful process for medical students. Out of school problems seem to be worsening their psychology more than the school problems they faced as negative events and as the reasons of their suicidal idea.Öğe Klinik Öncesi Yıllardaki Tıp Öğrencilerinin Anksiyete ve Depresyon Düzeyleri ve Etkili Olabilecek Faktörler(2011) Karaoğlu, Nazan; Şeker, MuzafferAIM: While training knowledgeable, competent and professional physicians for the patients‟ health medical education distresses and sicken medical students. The aim of this study was to describe the general features of the preclinical years‟ students and the affect of these features on the anxiety and depression level of them. METHOD: In this descriptive and cross-sectional study an anonymous and voluntary questionnaire consisting of socio-demographic variables, questions related to medical education and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was applied to the first three years‟ students of medical faculty. For the analyses of the data Student-t test, One-way ANOVA and chi-square tests were used. RESULTS: The mean age of the students in the study group was 19.49±1.54 years and 272 of them (56.1%) were male. The anxiety and depression levels of the students from rural parts of the country and whose parents‟ education levels were primary school or below were high (p<0.05). According to questions related to medical education there was a difference in anxiety levels of year one and two students who selected medical education in between first three choice (p=0.01) and between year two and three students who chose medicine because of occupation guarantee (p=0.00). There was a significant difference between students who noted family-intimates as the reason of their choice and liking medicine (p=0.00). The anxiety levels of the students who were absolutely unpleased with their choice were the highest (p<0.05). The mean anxiety and depression levels were 7.45±3.79 and 5.60±3.74 points and 87 students (17.9%) anxiety level, 136 students‟ (28.0%) depression level were above the cut of levels in the whole group. CONCLUSION: The results of this study points to the importance of voluntary and informed selection of medical education.Öğe Klinik öncesi yıllardaki tıp öğrencilerinin anksiyete ve depresyon düzeyleri ve etkili olabilecek faktörler(2011) Karaoğlu, Nazan; Şeker, MuzafferAMAÇ: Tıp eğitimi toplumun sağlığı için bilgili ve yeterli hekimler yetiştirirken tıp öğrencileri strese sokup ruh sağlıklarında bozulmaya yol açmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı klinik yılları öncesi öğrencilerimizin genel özelliklerini ve bu özelliklerin onların anksiyete ve depresyon düzeyleri üzerine etkisini ortaya çıkarmaktı. YÖNTEM: Bu tanımlayıcı, kesitsel çalışmada Tıp Fakültesi ilk üç sınıf öğrencilerine sosyo-demografik bilgiler, tıp eğitimi ile ilgili düşüncelerini içeren sorular ve Hastane Anksiyete ve Depresyon Skalasını (HADS) içeren isimsiz bir anket gönüllülük temelinde uygulandı. Verilerin analizinde Student-t testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi ve ki-kare testi uygulandı. BULGULAR: Çalışma grubundaki 485 öğrencinin ortalama yaşları 19,491,54 yıl ve 272?sini (%56,1) erkekti. Kırsal bölgelerden gelen, anne ve baba eğitim düzeyi ilkokul ve altında olan öğrencilerin anksiyete ve depresyon düzeyleri yüksekti (p0.05). Tıp eğitimi ile ilgili sorulara verilen yanıtlara göre; tıp fakültesini ilk üç sırada tercih edenlerde 1. ve 2. dönem öğrencileri arasında (p0.01), hekimlik mesleğini iş garantisi nedeniyle seçenlerde 2. ve 3. dönem öğrencileri arasında (p0.00) anksiyete düzeyleri açısından fark olduğu görüldü. Aile ve çevre isteğiyle ve iş garantisi olduğunu düşünerek tıp eğitimi tercihi yapanlarla hekimlik mesleğini sevdiği için bu eğitimi tercih ettiklerini söyleyenler arasında anlamlı fark vardı (p0.00). Tıp eğitimini seçmiş olmaktan asla memnun olmadıklarını söyleyenlerin depresyon düzeyleri en yüksekti (p0.05). Tüm çalışma grubunun anksiyete ve depresyon puanı ortalaması sırasıyla 7,453,79 ve 5,603,74 puandı ve öğrencilerin 87?sinde (%17,9) anksiyete, 136?sında (%28,0) depresyon düzeyi kesme puanının üstündeydi. SONUÇ: Bütün bu sonuçlar tıp eğitiminin isteyerek ve bilinçli olarak seçilmesinin önemine vurgu yapmaktadır.Öğe Klorakinin rat embriyosu gelişimi ve morfolojik yapısı üzerine etkileri ve serbest radikallerin bu etkideki rolü(2004) Uysal, İsmihan İlknur; Karabulut, Ahmet Kağan; Şeker, Muzaffer; Gürbilek, MehmetAmaç: Bu çalışmada sıtmanın akut veya profilaktik tedavisinde kullanılan klorokinin memeli embriyosunun büyüme, gelişme ve morfolojik yapısı üzerine etkileri ve serbest radikallerin bu etkilerdeki rolünün in vitro rat embriyosu kültürü tekniği ve biyokimyasal metodlar kullanılarak araştırılması amaçlandı. Yöntem: Selçuk Üniversitesi Deneysel Tıp Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi hayvan laboratuvarından elde edilen ratlardan gebeliklerinin 9.5’uncu gününde disseke edilerek çıkartılan embriyoların rat serumu içerisinde 48 saat süreyle kültürü yapıldı. Kültür ortamı olarak; kontrol grubu için normal rat serumu kullanılırken, deney grupları için ise rat serumuna 0.25 ve 0.50 mg/ml dozlarında klorakin ilave edildi. Klorakinin toksik etkisinin tüm parametreleri etkilediği dozları ile birlikte antioksidan superoksid dismutaz kültür ortamına ilave edildi. Her bir deneysel ortam için 10 embriyo kullanıldı. Klorakinin rat embriyolarının gelişim parametreleri olan; total morfolojik skor, yolk salk çapı, tepe-kıç mesafesi, somit sayısı, embriyo ve yolk salk protein içerikleri üzerine doz bağımlı etkileri, morfolojik ve biyokimyasal yöntemlerle karşılaştırıldı. Embriyolarda meydana gelen malformasyonlar değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Kontrol embriyoları ile karşılaştırıldığında klorakinin doz bağımlı olarak bütün gelişimsel parametreleri gerilettiği ve genel morfolojide bozukluklara sebep olduğu gözlendi. Bu anomaliler arasında fleksiyon deformitesi, nöral tüp açıklığı, optik ve otik deformiteler ön planda idi. Kültür ortamlarına klorakin ile birlikte superoksid dismutaz eklendiğinde klorakinin etkilerinin değişmediği gözlendi. Sonuç: Klorakinin organogenez dönemindeki rat embriyoları üzerine doz bağımlı gelişimsel toksisiteye sebep olduğu ve bu etkilerde serbest oksijen radikallerinin rol oynamadığı belirlendi.Öğe Morphometric analyses of the development of dermis in human fetuses(1999) Aktan, Murad; Büyükmumcu, Mustafa; Şeker, Muzaffer; Mermer, S.; Duman, SelçukIn this study, the morphometric differences of the different derrnis regions during the development of the human fetus were investigated. The different dermis regions, namely, cranial, femoral and plantar (sole) parts of 40 fetuses which were between 12th-23.5th week gestation age were obtained from maternity hospital and after the routine H&E histological procedure, the measurement was performed with ocular micrometer. The first sharp increase was observed in the dermis of cranial region. It has been suggested that the thickness of the dermis is dependent on the collagen and elastic fibres, but the flexibility of the dermis is dependent on the number and the structure of the elastic fibres. The early beginning of the increase of the dermis thickness in the cranial part may be due to the effect of the cranio-caudal stimulation on the production of the collagen and elastic fibres in the embryonic term.Öğe Morphometric assessment of brain stem and cerebellar vermis with midsagittal MRI: The gender differences and effects of age(2003) Murshed K.A.; Ziylan T.; Şeker, Muzaffer; Çiçekcibaşı, Aynur Emine; Açıkgözoğlu, SaimSince the development of MRI techniques, many neuroanatomical studies of normal brain growth and atrophy have been reported. Investigations of aging effects on the brain stem and cerebellum are important, not only to understand normal aging process, but also for comparative study of the pathophysiology of degenerative brain disorders. Sex differences in gross cerebellar neuroanatomy have been observed in several studies. In this study, our purpose was to assess the sex differences and the age-related morphological changes of the brain stem and the cerebellar vermis on midsagittal MRIs. According to radiologists' reports, midsagittal MRIs of 120 normal individuals were evaluated in this study. There were 50 males and 70 females. By tracing the outline contour of the cerebellar vermis and the brain stem, both brain regions were drawn in a transparent paper, scaled for the real size and saved in the computer. Calculation of the areas of both regions was performed by utilizing NETCAD for Windows program, and the collected data were statistically analysed by using SPSS software. Students's t test was applied for gender comparisons. To determine the associations between age and both areas, Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated. Significant sex difference was found in the brain stem area favouring males (p<0.05) whereas no significant difference was recorded in the cerebellar vermis area. Non-significant age-associated decrease in brain stem and cerebellar vermis areas were found. The age-related changes in the brain stem and cerebellar vermis remains speculative, though some authors suggest a selective vulnerability of specific posterior fossa structures to the effects of aging and sex. © neuroanatomy.org.Öğe Nurse Tutors to Teach Basic Clinical Skills: An Experience From Selcuk University, Turkey(All India Inst Medical Sciences, 2010) Karaoğlu, Nazan; Şeker, Muzaffer[Abstract not Available]Öğe The Origin of Gonadal Arteries in Human Fetuses: Anatomical Variations(Urban & Fischer Verlag, 2002) Çiçekçibaşı, Aynur Emine ; Salbacak, Ahmet; Şeker, Muzaffer; Ziylan, Taner; Büyükmumcu, Mustafa; Uysal, İsmihan İlknurTesticular arterial anatomy has been well studied because of its importance in testicular physiology, as well as testicular and renal surgery. In contrast to classical anatomical descriptions, it may originate from the suprarenal or lumbar arteries or a high-positioned origin, course behind the inferior vena cava or be doubled or arise from an inferior polar renal artery. Different developmental patterns as variations in relation to origin, course and number of the renal and gonadal arteries have been reported and discussed. This study was performed on 90 spontaneously aborted fetuses obtained from two different hospitals in Konya. The study was carried out on the testicular or ovarian arteries of fetuses fixed by immersion in 10% formalin. In all, 180 gonadal arteries were studied and 16 of them were found to have variations in their origin (8.8%). The variations of the gonadal artery origins could be classified into four types. The gonadal artery variations were more commonly found in male than the female fetuses and on the right side rather than the left. In the present study, it is clear that these variations are important not only from the developmental point of view or research interest, but they also may explain some pathological conditions. Knowledge of these variations may help to avoid the clinical complications especially during radiological examinations and/or surgical approaches in this region.Öğe Pes planus'un radyolojik yönden araştırılması(1995) Ziylan, Taner; Büyükmumcu, Mustafa; Yıldırım, Feride; Şeker, Muzaffer; Açıkgözoğlu, Saim[Abstract not Available]
