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Öğe Aethionema anatolica (Brassicaceae), a new species from South Anatolia, Turkey(FINNISH ZOOLOGICAL BOTANICAL PUBLISHING BOARD, 2013) Karabacak, Osman; Ozturk, Meryem; Duran, AhmetAethionema anatolica A. Duran & M. Ozturk sp. nova (Brassicaceae) is described and illustrated from South Anatolia, Turkey. It is similar especially to A. demirizii, but differs by the habit, crenate margin of the fruits, and the style that is around the same size as the sinus.Öğe Alyssum amasianum (Brassicaceae), a new species from North Anatolia, Turkey(TUBITAK SCIENTIFIC & TECHNICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL TURKEY, 2016) Karabacak, Osman; Duran, Ahmet; Celik, MustafaHerein a new species, Alyssum amasianum, is described and illustrated from North Anatolia. The new species is very similar to A. hirsutum subsp. caespitosum but differs in the shape and indumentum of leaves, trichome type of the fruits, and margin of the seeds. The ecology, biogeography, and conservation status of the new species are discussed. The leaf, fruit, and seed surface micromorphology of A. amasianum, A. hirsutum subsp. caespitosum, A. hirsutum subsp. hirsutum, A. strigosum subsp. strigosum, and A. xanthocarpum were also examined by scanning electron microscope.Öğe Anatomy, palynology and nutlet micromorphology of Turkish endemic Teucrium sandrasicum (Lamiaceae)(VERSITA, 2008) Dinc, Muhittin; Duran, Ahmet; Pinar, Muenevver; Ozturk, MeryemIn this study, the anatomical features of the leaf and stem, besides the pollen and nutlet characteristics of Teucrium sandrasicum are investigated. T. sandrasicum, belonging to sect. Teucrium, is an endemic perennial herb growing on serpentine around Mugla province. The anatomical studies on T. sandrasicum revealed that the stem shares the general characteristics of the Labiatae family. The leaves clearly exhibit xeromorphy due to features such as the distribution of stomata on the lower surface (hipostomatic), the occurrence of guard cells below the epidermis (xeromorphic type), inrolled margins, thick cuticle layer, thick outer epidermal cell wall, a high density of trichomes and thick palisade layer of the mesophyll. The anatomical studies showed that the upper epidermal cells of the leaf include many spherocrystals. The pollen grains are prolate, medium in size, 3-colpate with verrucate ornamentation. The nutlets are ellipsoid with a reticulate-verrucate surface. The results have proven that T. sandrasicum is different from the other species of the sect. Teucrium because of the branched trichomes on the stem and the lack of eglandular trichomes on the nutlets.Öğe Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity of Heracleum Sphondylium Subsp Artvinense(Academic Journals, 2006) Ergene, A.; Güler, P.; Tan, Stewart; Mirici, Semra; Hamzaoğlu, Ergin; Duran, AhmetEthanol and aqueous extract of Heracleum sphondylium subsp. artvinense was investigated for their antimicrobial activities against eight bacterial species (Enterococcus feacalis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Listeria monocytogenes, Shigella, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Corynobacterium diphtheria) and two yeast (Candida albicans and C. krusei). Both ethanol and aqueous extract of H. sphondylium subsp. artvinense showed antimicrobial activity against the gram-positive bacterium (S. aureus).Öğe Antioxidant Activity and Biochemical Screening of two Glycyrrhiza L. Species(SCIENCEDOMAIN INT, 2016) Çakmak, Yavuz Selim; Aktümsek, Abdurrahman; Duran, Ahmet; Çetin, ÖzlemAims: Glycyrrhiza L. is one of the most widely used plants in traditional medicine since antiquity. For the determining of the biochemical composition and antioxidant activity of methanolic extracts of two Glycyrrhiza species different parts. Study Design: In the current study, antioxidant activities, essential oils and fatty acid compositions of root and aerial parts of G. iconica and G. flavescens subsp. flavescens were examined. To measure antioxidant activities of methanol extracts, different chemical methods were carried out. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Biology, Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory (December 2011-November 2012). Methodology: The antioxidant capacity tests were designed to evaluate the antioxidant activities of methanol extracts of Glycyrrhiza species tested. The extracts will be executed for their possible antioxidant activities by five different test systems namely total antioxidant capacity (phosphomolibdat assay), beta-carotene/linoleic acid test system, free radical scavenging (DPPH), ferric and cupric ion reducing power (CUPRAC). Total phenolic and flavonoid concentrations of each extract were also determined by using both Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and aluminum chloride. Results: The root of G. iconica showed the highest activity in all methods. The major components of essential oils from Glycyrrhiza species were 1-pentylcyclobutene, naphtalene, hexahydro farnesyl acetone, phytol, dimethylamine and n-hexadecanoic acid. In fatty acid profiles of these two taxa, the main fatty acids were palmitic and linoleic acids. Conclusion: Our results showed that studied parts of two Glycyrrhiza species can be used as an easily accessible source of natural antioxidants that could be important in pharmaceutical industry.Öğe Antioxidant potentials and anticholinesterase activities of methanolic and aqueous extracts of three endemic Centaurea L. species(PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 2013) Aktümsek, Abdurrahman; Zengin, Gökhan; Güler, Gökalp Özmen; Çakmak, Yavuz Selim; Duran, AhmetThe methanol and aqueous extracts of three endemic Centaurea species (C. polypodiifolia var. pseudobehen, C pyrrhoblephara and C antalyense) were investigated for their antioxidant and cholinesterase inhibitory activities. The antioxidant activities of these extracts were evaluated by in vitro models including, phosphomolybdenum assay, free radical scavenging assays (DPPH and ABTS), beta-carotene/linoleic acid test system, metal chelating assay, FRAP assay, ferric and cupric reducing power. Cholinesterase inhibitory activities were examined using Ellman's calorimetric method. Total phenol, flavonoid, and saponin contents were also measured. Among the six Centaurea extracts evaluated, the highest antioxidant abilities were obtained from C polypodiifolia var. pseudobehen. Methanolic extracts from C polypodiifolia var. pseudobehen and C antalyense had a noticeable inhibition towards AChE and BChE. These findings suggest that Centaurea species could be an anticholinesterase agent and antioxidant resource in some industries, such as food, pharmacology, and cosmetics. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe Assessment of the antioxidant potential and fatty acid composition of four Centaurea L. taxa from Turkey(ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2013) Aktümsek, Abdurrahman; Zengin, Gökhan; Güler, Gökalp Özmen; Çakmak, Yavuz Selim; Duran, AhmetThis paper focused on the assessment of antioxidant property and fatty acid composition of four Centaurea species. The antioxidant activity of its methanol extract was evaluated by several in vitro experiments including phosphomolybedum assay, DPPH assay, beta-carotene/linoleic acid, ferric and cupric reducing power. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were also evaluated. The methanol extract of Centaurea pulcherrima var. pulcherrima showed the superior free radical scavenging activity, linoleic acid inhibition capacity, reducing power and also had the highest total phenolic content. A significant relationship between antioxidant capacity and total phenolic components was found. The oils of Centaurea taxa were also analysed for fatty acid concentration by gas chromatography. The principal fatty acids in the species were palmitic acid (23.38-30.49%) and linoleic acid (20.19-29.93%). These findings suggest that the Centaurea species could be used as a potential source of new natural antioxidants and unsaturated fatty acids in food industry, cosmetics and pharmaceutical preparations. (c) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe Bilacunaria aksekiensis (Apiaceae), a new species from south Anatolia, Turkey(FINNISH ZOOLOGICAL BOTANICAL PUBLISHING BOARD, 2011) Duran, Ahmet; Dogan, Bekir; Ay, HilalA new species, Bilacunaria aksekiensis A. Duran & B. Dogan (Apiaceae), is described and illustrated from Anatolia, Turkey. It grows in open Pinus brutia forests and on calcareous stony slopes of the Taurus Mountains in the district of Akseki (C3 Antalya province). Bilacunaria aksekiensis is morphologically close to B. microcarpa. The diagnostic morphological characters of B. aksekiensis are discussed. In addition, the pollen characteristics and mericarp surface of B. aksekiensis and B. microcarpa are examined by SEM. The geographical distribution of the new species and the morphologically related species is mapped. Bilacunaria aksekiensis is diploid with the chromosome number of 22.Öğe Bilacunaria anatolica sp nov (Apiaceae) from southwest Anatolia, Turkey(WILEY-BLACKWELL, 2011) Duran, Ahmet; Ozturk, Meryem; Ay, HilalA new species, Bilacunaria anatolica A. Duran (Apiaceae) is described and illustrated from southwest Turkey. The species grows on eroded marly stony slopes and in openings of Pinus brutia forest in Fethiye district (C2 Mugla province). Bilacunaria anatolica, an endemic confined to southwest Anatolia, is related to B. microcarpa and B. scabra. It is also similar to the Mediterranean species Cachrys crassiloba and C. cristata in terms of habit, but differs in fruit characteristics. Diagnostic morphological and carpo-anatomical characters are discussed. Notes are also presented on ecology and conservation status. In addition, pollen characteristics and mericarp surface features are examined by SEM. The geographical distribution of the new species and related species is mapped.Öğe Callus Induction and Plant Regeneration of the Endemic Astragalus Nezaketae in Turkey(Univ Catolica De Valparaiso, 2010) Erişen, Semiha; Yorgancılar, Mustafa; Atalay, Emine; Babaoğlu, Mehmet; Duran, AhmetA callus induction and plant regeneration protocol was developed from leaf and petiole explants of the endemic Astragalus nezaketae. Explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) supplemented with different plant growth regulators (PGRs) [a-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), benzyladenine (BA), 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), kinetin (Kin), thidiazuron (TDZ)]. The combinations and concentrations of PGRs were shown significant variations for the frequency of callus formation, appearence of callus and the potential of callus differentiation. NAA x BA have been found highly affective in callusing and plant regeneration. Other PGRs have not resulted in callus differentiation for shoot formation. The highest number of shoots (6/explants) was obtained from leaf explants cultured on MS with 0.5 mg/l NAA and 4 mg/l BA. The regenerated shoots transferred to rooting medium (MS with 0.5 mg/l indole-3-butyric acid) were successfully rooted (100%) and showed rapid elongation. Rooted plantlets were acclimatized in pots containing 1:1 mixture of peat and perlite.Öğe Caryological study on four Hesperis L. (Cruciferae) taxa from the Diaplictos (Dvorak) Dvorak section in Turkey(WILEY-BLACKWELL, 2008) Unal, Fatma; Duran, Ahmet; Martin, EsraThis study examined chromosome numbers and karyotypes of four taxa, Hesperis novakii Dvorak, H. bottae Fourn., H. balansae Fourn. and H. syriaca (DC.) Dvorak, from naturally growing Diaplictos (Dvorak) Dvorak section, which is represented by only these four taxa in Turkey, in the genus Hesperis. H. novakii and H. syriaca have 2n=14 chromosomes, H. bottae and H. balansae have 2n=12 chromosomes in somatic cells. Total chromosome lengths are 5.37 mu m and 2.17 mu m in H. novakii, 5.38 mu m and 2.70 mu m in H. bottae, 9.59 mu m and 4.28 mu m in H. balansae, 4.88 mu m and 2.32 mu m in H. syriaca (no. 4969), 7.89 mu m and 3.44 mu m in H. syriaca (no. 4971). The karyotypes are as follows: H. novakii consists of 3m+1sm+1st+2T, H. bottae consists of 4m+2st, H. balansae consists of 4m+2sm, H. syriaca (no. 4969) consists of 3m+1sm+1st+2T and H. syriaca (no. 4971) consists of 3m+1sm+1st+2T chromosome pairs. Results were discussed from a cytological and taxonomical point of view.Öğe Centaurea serpentinica sp nov (Asteraceae) from the central and south Anatolia transition zone, Turkey(WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC, 2009) Dogan, Bekir; Duran, AhmetA new species, Centaurea serpentinica A. Duran & B. Dogan (Asteraceae) in sect. Acrolophus (Cass.) DC., is described and illustrated from Anatolia, Turkey. The species grows on eroded serpentine stony slopes and in open Pinus brutia Ten. forest in the Yahyali district (C5 Kayseri Province) in the central and south Anatolia transition zone. It is morphologically similar to Centaurea kilaea Boiss. Diagnostic morphological characters from closely similar taxa are discussed and arranged in a key. Ecology, conservation status and biogeography of the species is also presented. In addition, the geographical distribution of the new species and other related species is mapped.Öğe Chaerophyllum macropodum Boiss. (Apiaceae / Umbelliferae) Türü Üzerine Bir Çalışma(Selçuk Üniversitesi, 2006) Duran, Ahmet; Doğan, Bekir; Akçiçek, EkremDoğu Anadolu bölgesinde (Bitlis), 2002 yılı vejetasyon döneminde gerçekleştirilen arazi çalışmaları kapsamında, Chaerophyllum L. cinsinin bilinen türlerinden farklı bir örnek toplanmıştır. Bu örnek üzerinde yapılan incelemeler sonucunda, bitkinin C. macropodum Boiss. olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Ancak C. macropodum türünün Türkiye Florasındaki betiminin eksik ve yetersiz olduğu görülmüştür. Bu türün betimi Türkiye Florası, İran Florası, Flora Orientalis, araziden toplanan örnekler ve herbaryum örnekleri incelenerek yeniden yapılmıştır. Ayrıca bu türün resmi çizilerek, literatür bulguları karşılaştırılmıştır.Öğe Chemical Composition of a New Taxon, Seseli gummiferum subsp ilgazense, and its Larvicidal Activity against Aedes aegypti(ACG PUBLICATIONS, 2018) Kurkcuoglu, Mine; Tabanca, Nurhayat; Ali, Abbas; Khan, Ikhlas A.; Duran, Ahmet; Baser, K. Husnu CanMosquitoes are vectors for many pathogens and parasites that cause human diseases including dengue, yellow fever, West Nile, chikungunya, filariasis and malaria which cause high rates of human morbidity and mortality under extreme conditions. Plants are an excellent source for mosquito control agents because they constitute rich sources of bioactive chemicals. They are also biodegradable and environment-friendly. The present study reports on the larvicidal activity of the essential oil of Seseli gummiferum. subsp. ilgazense (Apiaceae) against Aedes aegypti larvae. Essential oil showed 100 and 70% mortality at 125 and 62.6 ppm, respectively, with no mortality at 31.25 ppm. Aerial parts of S. gummiferum subsp. ilgazense were subjected to hydrodistillation to yield 0.6% oil. The essential oil was analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS techniques. The main constituents in the oil were sabinene (28.8%), germacrene D (9.5%) and alpha-pinene (7.2%).Öğe Chemical Composition, Larvicidal, and Biting Deterrent Activity of Essential Oils of Two Subspecies of Tanacetum argenteum (Asterales: Asteraceae) and Individual Constituents Against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)(ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER, 2014) Ali, Abbas; Tabanca, Nurhayat; Kurkcuoglu, Mine; Duran, Ahmet; Blythe, Eugene K.; Khan, Ikhlas A.; Baser, K. Husnu CanWater-distilled essential oils from dried aerial parts of Tanacetum argenteum (Lam.) Willd. subsp. argenteum (Lam.) and T. argenteum (Lam.) Willd. subsp. canum (C. Koch) Grierson were analyzed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. In total, 27 and 32 components were identified representing 97.2 and 98.7% of essential oils of subsp. argenteum and canum, respectively. Main compounds of T. argenteum subsp. argenteum were alpha-pinene (67.9%) and beta-pinene (4.8%), whereas alpha-pinene (53.6%), 1, 8-cineole (14.8%), and camphor (4.7%) were the major constituents of subsp. canum. Essential oil of T. argenteum subsp. canum at 10 mu g/cm(2) with Biting Deterrent Index (BDI) value of 0.73 showed activity similar to N, N-Diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET) at 25 mol/cm(2), whereas the activity of essential oil of subsp. argenteum was lower (BDI = 0.47) than subsp. canum and DEET. Based on 95% CIs, activity of beta-caryophyllene (BDI value = 0.54) and caryophyllene oxide (BDI = 0.66) were significantly lower than DEET. In larval bioassays, essential oil of T. argenteum subsp. argenteum showed LC50 value of 93.34 ppm, whereas T. argenteum subsp. canum killed only 40% of the larvae at the highest dose of 125 ppm. Among the pure compounds, beta-caryophyllene (LC50 = 26 ppm) was the most potent compound followed by caryophyllene oxide (LC50 = 29 ppm), which was also similar to (-)-beta-pinene (LC50 = 35.9 ppm) against 1-d-old Ae. aegypti larvae at 24-h post treatment. Compounds (-)-alpha-pinene and (+)-beta-pinene showed similar larvicidal activity. Activity of (+)-alpha-pinene with LC50 value of was similar to the essential oil of T. argenteum subsp. argenteum.Öğe Chromosome numbers of species of the genus Jurinea Cass. (Asteraceae) in Turkey(UNIV FLORENCE BOTANY INST, 2009) Bekir, Dogan; Duran, Ahmet; Martin, Esra; Hakki, Erdogan EsrefChromosome numbers of 13 Jurinea species, collected from different localities in Turkey, were determined for the first time. All the Jurinea species investigated were diploid with chromosome numbers counted as 2n = 34. The basic chromosome number of the genus was x = 17. In this study, polyploidy was determined in nine taxa of Jurinea. Polyploid cells were 2n = 4x = 68 and they were tetraploid. The mitotic metaphase plates were given all the taxa of Jurinea. The research has made contribution to the cytotaxonomic revision of the genus Jurinea in Turkey.Öğe Cicer floribundum var. amanicola (Fabaceae), a new variety from south Anatolia, Turkey(2011) Öztürk, Meryem; Duran, Ahmet; Hakkı, Erdoğan E.Türkiye’nin güneyinden Cicer floribundum Fenzl. var. amanicola M.Öztürk & A.Duran olarak yeni bir varyete tanımlandı. Bu yeni takson, Pinus nigra orman açıklıklarında yetişir (C6 Osmaniye). C. floribundum var. amanicola, endemik olup C. floribundum var. floribundum taksonundan ayrılır. C. floribundum var. amanicola ile var. floribundum taksonlarının tayin anahtarı düzenlendi ve ayırıcı karakterlerinin karşılaştırmaları yapıldı. Ayrıca ekolojisi verildi ve tehlike katergorisi önerildi. Bunlara ilave olarak polen karakterleri ve tohum yüzey özellikleri elektron mikroskobu (SEM) ile çalışıldı. Taksonların coğrafik dağılımları harita üzerinde gösterildi.Öğe Cladistic and phylogenetic analyses of the genus Cicer in Turkey(SPRINGER WIEN, 2013) Ozturk, Meryem; Duran, Ahmet; Hakki, Erdogan E.Fifteen taxa of the genus Cicer L. growing naturally in Turkey and out-groups were classified by phylogenetic and cladistic analysis. Taxa of the genus Cicer and the out-group taxa belonging to the closest genera Phaseolus L., Vicia L., Lathyrus L. and Ononis L., which are placed in Phaseoleae, Vicieae and Ononideae tribes, respectively, were used in molecular studies in order to derive their phylogenetic relationships. Morphological, palynological and seed characters were used on the basis of 143 traits. The micromorphological characters of seed and pollen grains were revealed by SEM. Lathyrus L. and Vicia L. species were used as out-groups for numerical analysis. Ten specimens were used for the measurements of metric characters related to the morphological structures of the taxa used for statistical analysis via PAUP and NTSYS-pc packages. Phylogenetic relationships between species and populations of the same species growing in different locations and their variations were determined using molecular methods performed on regions of the Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR). DNA was isolated from the collected samples, using modified CTAB protocols. ISSR was used for phylogenetic fingerprinting. The data were analyzed with NTSYS-pc package. Standardized data were used to generate a dendrogram that revealed the phylogenetic relationships of the taxa. Geographic distribution of the Cicer taxa appears to be closely related to the Anatolian Diagonal. As a result of this study, four new endemic taxa were added and evaluated for the first time.Öğe Comparative anatomical and micromorphological studies on Teucrium creticum and Teucrium orientale var. orientale (T. sect. Teucrium, Lamiaceae)(WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC, 2009) Dinc, Muhittin; Dogu, Sueleyman; Bilgili, Bilgehan; Duran, AhmetTeucrium creticum L. and T. orientale L. var. orientale are two related taxa in Teucrium sect. Teucrium. In this study, the value of anatomical and micromorphological characters for distinguishing between these two taxa is analysed. Transverse sections of the stem, as well as both transverse and surface sections of the leaves were examined anatomically. According to the data obtained, collenchyma and sclerenchyma do grow more in T. creticum than in T. orientale var. orientale. The leaves of T. creticum are hypostomatic and have a characteristic hypodermis, which is under the upper epidermis, as well as abundant spherocrystals in the upper epidermis. The leaves of T. orientale var. orientale are amphistomatic, yet no spherocristals exists in epidermal cells and the hypodermis is absent. The results obtained from studies carried out under scanning electron microscope (SEM) shows that the nutlet micromorphology varies between the two taxa. In both taxa, the nutlet surfaces are reticulate and glandular. Eglandular hairs do occur. However, in T. orientale var. orientale, 20-60 mu m long eglandular hairs with scabrid surface occur only along the margins of the nutlets, whereas the 3/4 dorsal sides of the nutlets in T. creticum are all covered with 90-500 mu m long, smooth-surfaced hairs. Additionally, while the glandular hairs on the nutlets of T. creticum are subsessile, those on the nutlets of T. orientale var. orientale are capitate and distinctly stalked.Öğe Comparison of Essential Oil of Xanthogalum Purpurascens Lallem. Obtained via Different Isolation Techniques(Allured Publ Corp, 2006) Özek, Gülmira; Özek, Temel; Baser, K. H. C.; Duran, Ahmet; Sağıroğlu, MehmetThe essential oil of Xanthogalum purpurascens Lallem. was obtained by hydrodistillation (HD), microdistillation (MD) and micro-steam distilled solid-phase micro extraction (MSD-SPME) techniques. The oils were then analyzed by GC and GUMS. The composition of oils depended on the extraction method employed. The main components of the hydrodistilled oil were found to be alpha-phellandrene (32%), beta-phellandrene (23%), isopropyl hexanoate (6%), limonene (5.3%), p-cymene (3.7%), alpha-pinene (3.2%) and bicyclogermacrene (3%).
