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Öğe Berberine in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases: from mechanisms to therapeutics(IVYSPRING INT PUBL, 2019) Feng, Xiaojun; Sureda, Antoni; Jafari, Samineh; Memariani, Zahra; Tewari, Devesh; Annunziata, Giuseppe; Barrea, Luigi; Hassan, Sherif T. S.; Šmejkal, Karel; Malaník, Milan; Sychrová, Alice; Barreca, Davide; Ziberna, Lovro; Mahomoodally, Mohamad Fawzi; Zengin, Gökhan; Xu, Suowen; Nabavi, Seyed Mohammad; Shen, Ai-ZongCardiovascular and metabolic diseases (CVMD) are the leading causes of death worldwide, underscoring the urgent necessity to develop new pharmacotherapies. Berberine (BBR) is an eminent component of traditional Chinese and Ayurvedic medicine for more than 2000 years. Recently, BBR has attracted much interest for its pharmacological actions in treating and/or managing CVMD. Recent discoveries of basic, translational and clinical studies have identified many novel molecular targets of BBR (such as AMPK, SIRT1, LDLR, PCSK9, and PTP1B) and provided novel evidences supporting the promising therapeutic potential of BBR to combat CVMD. Thus, this review provides a timely overview of the pharmacological properties and therapeutic application of BBR in CVMD, and underlines recent pharmacological advances which validate BBR as a promising lead drug against CVMD.Öğe Marine algae: A potential resource of anti-HSV molecules(MDPI, 2019) Mahomoodally, Mohamad Fawzi; Lobine, Devina; Rengasamy, Kannan R. R.; Gowrishankar, Shanmugaraj; Tewari, Devesh; Zengin, Gökhan; Kim, Doo Hwan; Sivanesan, IyyakkannuHerpes simplex viruses (HSVs) are common human pathogens belonging to the subfamily alpha-herpesvirinae that trigger severe infections in neonates and immunocompromised patients. After primary infection, the HSVs establish a lifelong latent infection in the vegetative neural ganglia of their hosts. HSV infections contribute to substantial disease burden in humans as well as in newborns. Despite a fair number of drugs being available for the treatment of HSV infections, new, effective, and safe antiviral agents, exerting different mechanisms of action, are urgently required, mainly due to the increasing number of resistant strains. Accumulating pieces of evidence have suggested that structurally diverse compounds from marine algae possess promising anti-HSV potentials. Several studies have documented a variety of algal polysaccharides possessing anti-HSV activity, including carrageenan and fucan. This review aimed to compile previous anti-HSV studies on marine algae-derived compounds, especially sulfated polysaccharides, along with their mode of action, toward their development as novel natural anti-HSV agents for future investigations.Öğe Medicinal plants and natural products used in cataract management(FRONTIERS MEDIA SA, 2019) Tewari, Devesh; Samoila, Ovidiu; Gocan, Diana; Mocan, Andrei; Moldovan, Cadmiel; Devkota, Hari Prasad; Atanasov, Atanas G.; Zengin, Gökhan; Echeverria, Javier; Vodnar, Dan Cristian; Szabo, Bianca; Crişan, GianinaCataract is the leading reason of blindness worldwide and is defined by the presence of any lens opacities or loss of transparency. The most common symptoms of cataract are impaired vision, decreased contrast sensitivity, color disturbance, and glare. Oxidative stress is among the main mechanisms involved in the development of age-related cataract. Surgery through phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation is the most effective method for cataract treatment, however, there are chances of serious complications and irreversible loss of vision associated with the surgery. Natural compounds consisting of antioxidant or anti-inflammatory secondary metabolites can serve as potential leads for anticataract agents. In this review, we tried to document medicinal plants and plant-based natural products used for cataract treatment worldwide, which are gathered from available ethnopharmacological/ethnobotanical data. We have extensively explored a number of recognized databases like Scifinder, PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and Scopus by using keywords and phrases such as "cataract", "blindness", "traditional medicine", "ethnopharmacology", "ethnobotany", "herbs", "medicinal plants", or other relevant terms, and summarized the plants/phytoconstituents that are evaluated in different models of cataract and also tabulated 44 plants that are traditionally used in cataract in various folklore medical practices. Moreover, we also categorized the plants according to scientific studies carried out in different cataract models with their mechanisms of action.Öğe The role of flavonoids in autoimmune diseases: Therapeutic updates(PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 2019) Rengasamy, Kannan R. R.; Khan, Haroon; Gowrishankar, Shanmugaraj; Lagoa, Ricardo J. L.; Mahomoodally, Fawzi M.; Khan, Ziyad; Suroowan, Shanoo; Tewari, Devesh; Zengin, Gökhan; Hassan, Sherif T.S.; Pandian, Shunmugiah KaruthaFlavonoids are natural polyphenolic compounds which are included in a panoply of drugs and used to treat and/or manage human ailments such as metabolic, cardiovascular, neurological disorders and cancer. Thus, the purpose of this review is to emphasize the importance of flavonoids for the treatment of autoimmune diseases and put into the limelight of the scientific community several health-promoting effects of flavonoids which could be beneficial for the development of novel drugs from natural products. Despite available reviews on flavonoids targeting various disease conditions, a comprehensive review of flavonoids for autoimmune diseases is still lacking. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to review the potential of flavonoids for autoimmune diseases. The structure-activity relationship of flavonoids in this review revealed that the rearrangement and introduction of other functional groups into the basic skeleton of flavonoids might lead to the development of new drugs which will be helpful in relieving the painful symptoms of various autoimmune diseases. (C) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
