Zootekni/Makale Koleksiyonu

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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12395/15720

Listeleniyor 1 - 20 / 105

Some Reproductive Characteristics of Hasak and Hasmer Sheep: 1. Some Fertility Criteria
(Selçuk Üniversitesi, 2019) Trabzon, Uğur; Öztürk, Ayhan
In this study, Hasak and Hasmer ewes were used in order to determine the effects of age, year and breed on the conception rate, prolificacy, viability and productivity. The least-squares means for these parameters of all flock were found as follows; 87.27±0.01 %, 117.16±0.01 %, 87.06±0.01 % and 103.34±0.02 %, respectively. In addition, the effects of sex of lamb and birth type on viability were also studied. Except for prolificacy, effects of the age on these parameters were found to be not statistically significant. The maximum prolificacy was obtained with 6-years old ewes. Effect of breed was significant on the prolificacy (P<0.05) and conception rate (P<0.01). With regard to prolificacy, Hasmer ewes were superior to Hasak (120.90 % vs. 113.41 %). The year factor had a significant effect only on the prolificacy (P<0.05). Sex effect on the viability was not significant, but birth type effected viability significantly; single lambs being superior to twin ones.
Estimation of Variance Components for Birth and Weaning Weights in Holstein-Friesian Calves by Using WOMBAT Software
(Selçuk Üniversitesi, 2019) Aytekin, İbrahim; Doğan, Şükrü; Odacı, Ömer; Gökcan, Göksel
The aim of this study was to determine the variance components for birth and weaning weights in Holstein calves. In this purpose, a total of 675 calf birth weight and 295 weaning weight records of Holstein calves raised at Kuzucu Dairy Cattle Farm in Ereğli, Konya Province were used for estimation of phenotypic and genetic parameters for calf birth weight and weaning weight. Phenotypic and genetic parameters were estimated by WOMBAT program using a Single Trait Animal Model (STAM). The model constitutes of additive direct effect, maternal genetic effect (only for Model II) and errors as random effects, birth type, sex of calf, season of birth, year of birth and age of dam as fixed effects. Least square mean of calf birth weight was determined as 34.992 ± 0.572 kg. The direct heritability (ha 2 ) of calf birth weight was calculated as 0.180±0.109 in Model I and the direct heritability (ha 2 ) and maternal heritability (hm 2 ) of calf birth weight were calculated as 0.154±0.096 and 0.141±0.106 in Model II, respectively. The effect of calving season, birth type, sex and age of dam on birth weight of calf were significant (P<0.01), but not calving year (P>0.05). As for calf weaning weight, least square mean was determined as 74.250 ± 1.775 kg. For calf weaning weight, the direct heritability (ha 2 ) in Model I was calculated as 0.104± 0.126 and the direct heritability (ha 2 ) and maternal heritability (hm 2 ) in Model II were calculated as 0.104± 0.127 and 0.00002±0.341, respectively. The effect of calving year (P<0.05), birth type (P<0.05), sex (P<0.01) and birth weight (P<0.01) on weaning weight of calf were significant, except for calving season and age of dam (P>0.05) Furtermore, estimated breeding values (EBVs) estimated by BLUP (Best Linear Unbiased Prediction) for calves, sires and dams were found to be in general with the range of -3.245 to 2.577, -2.607 to 2.631 and -1.714 to 1.747 for birth weight and -2.969 to 2.274, -2.650 to 2.376 and -1.456 to 1.301 for weaning weight, respectively.
The Effects of Addition to Different Levels of Mealworm (Tenebrio Molitor) to Quail Diets on Performance and Carcass Traits
(Selçuk Üniversitesi, 2019) Sabırlı, Hilal; Cufadar, Yusuf
Performance and carcass traits of quails fed by diets containing mealworms were investigated. A total of 200 mixed-sex one-day-old quail chicks were used in the study. The basal diets were supplemented with 0, 2, 4 and 6 % mealworm (Tenebrio molitor). Four levels of dietary mealworm were arranged in a completely randomized design and the treatments were replicated five times with 10 birds. The chicks were randomly assigned to among 20 cage pens. Feed and water were supplied ad-libitum. In the first week of the study, all quails were fed with the control diet. During the next four weeks, the quails were fed with 4 experimental diets. There were significant differences in body weight gain and feed conversion ratio between the treatment groups (P<0.05; P<0.01). The body weight gain of quails fed by diet containing 6 % dietary mealworm was lower than the quails fed by the diets containing 2 % mealworm. Feed conversion ratio increased by feeding with 4 and 6 % dietary mealworm level when compared to the control and 2 % dietary mealworm level group (P<0.01). Feed intake, carcass weight and carcass yield did not differ among the dietary treatments. The study suggested that performance parameters could be lower when dietary level of mealworm meal higher than 2 %.
Early Detection of Mastitis by Using Infrared Thermography in Holstein-Friesian Dairy Cows Via Classification and Regression Tree (CART) Analysis
(Selçuk Üniversitesi, 2021) Coşkun, Gizem; Aytekin, İbrahim
Subclinical mastitis is an important udder disease that negatively affects both the animal health and reduces profitability in dairy farms. The increasing performance of thermal cameras over time and their usability in different areas increase their use in livestocks. Infrared thermography (IRT) technology is a noninvasive method that can estimate the surface temperature of objects. The objective of this study was to evaluate early detection of mastitis in HolsteinFriesian dairy cattle by using both udder surface temperatures (Tmax) from images obtained with the help of a FLIR One Pro thermal camera and some parameters such as Lab (CIE L*, a*, b*), HSB (Hue, Saturation, Brightness), RGB (Red, Green, Blue) by processing thermal images with the help of ImageJ program via classification and regression tree (CART) analysis. According to California Mastitis Test CMT by using CART analysis in this study, 64.9% of cows with udder surface temperature lower than 38.85 were healthy, and 73.3% of cows higher than 38.85 were determined as unhealthy. As for SCC, 77.6% of cows with udder surface temperature lower than 38.65 were healthy and 58.6% of cows with higher than 38.65 were determined as unhealthy. The areas under ROC (AUC) were found to be statistically significant in the diagnosis of subclinical mastitis. (P<0.01) The sensitivity and specificity of the CART algorithm for CMT and SCC diagnostic tests were 85.42%, 81.48% and 90.20%, 80.39%, respectively. There was no significant difference between SCC and CMT tests in the area under the ROC curve (P>0.05). As a result, IRT technology can be used as a useful diagnostic tool in the early detection of mastitis.
Melatonin Differences Between Day and Night Milk in Primiparous Holstein Friesian and Jersey Dairy Cattle
(Selçuk Üniversitesi, 2022) Boztepe, Saim; Keskin, İsmail; Semacan, Ahmet; Akyürek, Fikret; Aytekin, İbrahim; Şahin, Özcan
This study was conducted to determine the levels of melatonin in the day and night milk of Holstein and Jersey cows. In the study, samples of daytime milk produced from 27 head of Holstein and 27 head of Jersey cows in the first lactation, which were raised in a private dairy cattle enterprise in the Kaşınhanı neighborhood of Meram district of Konya city Turkey, and night milk samples taken from the same cows that were blackened for one (1) week were used. Melatonin levels in milk samples taken from day and night milk were determined separately for Holstein and Jersey cows with the help of Bovine Melatonin (MLT) Elisa Kit. In the study, it was determined that the ratio of melatonin in day and night milk in Holstein cows was 2.912 pg/ml and 11.314 pg/ml, respectively, and the ratio of melatonin in Jersey cows was 2.924 pg/ml and 6.954 pg/ml in the same order. The difference between the melatonin levels of the day and night milk of Holstein and Jersey cows was found to be statistically significant (p<0.01). At the end of the study, it can be stated that night milk can be used for medical purposes and a new production source may arise for producers since there is a significant difference in melatonin between day and night milk.
Fleece Yield and Some Characteristics of Wool in Anatolian Merino Sheep
(Selçuk Üniversitesi, 2022) Sertkaya, Şerife; Öztürk, Ayhan
In this study, greasy fleece yield and some wool characteristics and the effects of gender, age and live weight on these characteristics were investigated in 60 heads of Anatolian Merino sheep reared in Babayakup neighborhood of Polatlı District of Ankara. Least squares means of live weight before shearing, greasy fleece yield, fiber diameter, fiber length, breaking strength, fiber elasticity and clean fleece percentage were found to be 68±0.89 kg, 2.97±0.19 kg, 24.42±0.49 µm, 7.92±0.36 cm, 19.15±1.25 Cn/tex, 25.38±1.83 %, 48.16±2.17 %, respectively. The effects of gender (p<0.001) and age (p<0.05) on live weight before shearing, the effects of body weight group (p<0.05) on fiber diameter and the effects of gender (p<0.05) on fiber length were found to be significant. According to the findings, it was concluded that the fiber diameter value of the research material sheep is 60 sortiman, therefore it will be evaluated in the class of fine wool sheep and it is suitable for worsted fabric production.
Examination of Milk Samples, Obtained from the Different Cattle Breeds in the First Lactation, by Means of Discriminant Analysis
(Selçuk Üniversitesi, 2022) Işık, Mümine; Keskin, İsmail
By means of discriminant analysis, it can be identified which class the individuals (data) desired to be classified. In this study, it was aimed to identify that the milk samples belong to which breed, applying discriminant analysis to the milk samples taken from the cattle breeds (19 heads of Jersey, 53 heads of Holstein and 27 heads of Charolaise) in the first lactation. As a conclusion of the study, proper classification actualized in the rate, which can be considered quite high like 90.6%, according to the milk components (fat, protein, lactose, density, pH and conductivity) of Holstein Cattles. This rate actualized as 63.2% in Jersey and 25.9% in Charolaise. It was identified that the rate of general classification of non-linear analysis, used in discriminating Holstein, Jersey and Charolaise breeds from their milk components, was 67.7%.
Investigation of Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 (IGFBP-3) Polymorphism in Anatolian Black and Holstein Friesian Cattle Breeds
(Selçuk Üniversitesi, 2020) Fadhıl, Marwan; Aytekin, İbrahim; Zülkadir, Uğur
Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) gene is a structural gene which is associated with development and growth in livestock. The present study aimed to investigate the polymorphisms of IGFBP-3 gene in Holstein Friesian (HF) and Anatolian Black (AB) cattle breeds. BsuRI (GG?CC) restriction enzyme was used to detect of IGFBP-3 gene polymorphism. Although Anatolian Black breed was monomorphic (AA genotype), three genotypes (AA, AB and BB) were detected in Holstein Friesian breed by digestion of PCR products with BsuRI. The A and B allele frequencies were 0.57 and 0.43, respectively, in Holstein Friesian breed, while A allele frequency was 1.00 in Anatolian Black breed. AA, AB and BB genotype frequencies were 0.32, 0.50 and 0.18, respectively in the Holstein Friesian breed. All three possible genotypes weare detected in Holstein Friesian breed. In the analysis made taking into account Hardy-Weingberg equilibrium, significant deviation was not observed in terms of genotype distributions (P>0.05). In other words, the Holstein Friesian cattle population was found in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.
An Application of Fuzzy Pearson Correlation Methods in Animal Sciences
(Selçuk Üniversitesi, 2021) Topuz, Derviş; Keskin, İsmail
How to evaluate an appropriate correlation to find the fuzzy relationship between variables is an important topic in the lactation milk yield and reproduction characteristics measurement. Especially when the data illustrate uncertain, inconsistent and incomplete type, fuzzy statistical technique has some theoric features that help resolving unclear thinking in human logic and the source of uncertainties in the natural structure of the data. Traditionally, we use Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient to measure the correlation between data with real value. However, when the data are composed of fuzzy numbers, it is not feasible to use such a traditional approach to determine the fuzzy correlation coefficient. This study proposes the calculation of fuzzy correlation with triangular of fuzzy data. Using Matlab application, fuzzy Pearson correlation coefficients and their membership degrees which belong to Holstein Friesian cows for the relationship between lactation milk yield, the age of the animal at lactation, number of days milked, service period and first calving age were calculated (- 0.0056; 0.95), (0.1419; 0.98), (-0.272;1.0) and (-0.2543; 0.90) respectively. The membership degrees of the calculated fuzzy Pearson coefficient values are more reliable and a consistent coefficient since it determines the size of the relationship between the sets, which belong to variables. As a result of the study, the fuzzy Pearson correlation coefficient analysis may be preferred to calculate the degree of uncertainty and membership degrees between variables that should be used in studies to increase lactation milk yield.
The Effect of Heat Stress on Milk Yield, Milk Fat Rate and Rectal Temperature in Holstein-Friesian Dairy Cattle
(Selçuk Üniversitesi, 2020) Kibar, Mustafa; Bakır, Galip; Yılmaz, Ayhan
Heat stress is an environmental factor that negatively affects the morphological and physiological properties of dairy cattle. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between heat stress and milk yield, milk fat ratio and body temperature in Holstein-Friesian dairy cattle. The data of the study was obtained from a private Kurtalan Farm of Siirt province, the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey. Milk yield and other traits of 13 head HolsteinFriesian dairy cattle were recorded in March, April, May, June, July, August and September. In addition, temperature and humidity records were recorded in the farm and in the parlor to be used for calculating the temperature humidity index value. In the analysis of data, correlation and regression methods were used. As a result of the study, the negative correlation (P<0.01) was found between milk yield and milk fat ratio and the positive correlation (P<0.001) were detected between heat stress and body temperature. In addition, a significant negative relationship was observed between rectal temperature and milk yield (P<0.01).
Using the Response Surface Method to Determine Optimum Temperature and Gam Usage in Egg Storage
(Selçuk Üniversitesi, 2020) Yavuz, Can; Keskin, İsmail
Response surface method (RSM) is a form of optimization based on the creation of an empirical model for evaluating the relationship between factor levels and the responses obtained therefrom. RSM is a multivariate analysis created by applying multiple regression and space geometry together. This optimization method can also be used as a preliminary stage of factorial experiments, since factor levels determine the optimum points before a factorial experiment. In this way, since the difference between the factor levels will be less, it provides more healthy results. In other words, optimization is used to increase the significance and sensitivity of factor levels.In this study, 130 table chicken eggs were divided into 9 groups according to their storage temperatures and percentages of coating gam arabic matter. Weight losses during the 28-day storage period of eggs were calculated. The eggs were weighed on the 7th day, the 14th day, the 21st day, and the 28th day. After the study was completed, the differences of the weights on the first day and 28th day were calculated. While applying RSM, Central Composite Design trial pattern was used. As a result of the analysis, optimum storage temperature and gam arabic composition were determined for egg storage with RSM. According to the results of the statistical analysis, at the end of the 4th week, it was determined that the optimum storage temperature and gum substance composition for the minimum egg weight loss (1.58 g) were 7.64-8.24 oC and 15%. When the results of the study and the results obtained from the analysis are compared, it is thought that RSM has obtained an intermediate dose estimation for the minimum egg weight loss in optimization of egg preservation conditions and this may be beneficial in the field of animal breeding.
The Identification of Genetic Variation in Insulin-Like Growth Factors-I (IGFI) Gene Region in Some Turkish Sheep Breeds
(Selçuk Üniversitesi, 2020) Tawfeeq, Mustafa; Keskin, İsmail; İlhan, Fatma
Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) areknown as peptides with important metabolic effects required for cellular growth and metabolism. IGF-I is synthesized in liver tissue under the control of growth hormone (GH) and released to blood. In the process of GH to accelerate growth, IGF-I occupies a large place. IGF-I clearly showed its important effects on the growth of animal studies. In this study, promoter region of the IGF-I gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in sheep breeds (Akkaraman, Kivircik, Awassi, Sakiz, Daglıc, Morkaraman, MalyaKarayaka (15 to 20 sheep per breed)) reared in Turkey. Informative restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) were obtained with HaeII enzyme. The digestion of IGF-I gene with HaeII produced two alleles and three genotypes. Genotype frequencies were 59%, 19%and 22% for AA, BB and AB genotypes, respectively. Allele frequencies were 0.70 for A allele and 0.30 for the B allele. This study indicates the genetic profiles of the IGF-1 gene in native Turkish sheep breeds.
Determination of Natural Risk Sources Effective in Wheat Production in Hadim District with the Help of Linear Programming
(Selçuk Üniversitesi, 2021) Altay, Yasin; Keskin, İsmail
There are many sources of natural risks affecting wheat cultivation. In this study, it is aimed to estimate the minimum and maximum risk ranges and premium and compensation amounts of the natural risk factors affecting the wheat yield in Hadim district of Konya in terms of farmers and insurance.As natural risk factors, disease and pests, frost, drought, hail, fire and the interactions of other risks and factors were examined.The number of factors dealt with in the study is 6, and the total number of linear models created using all combinations is 63.The 63 linear models established, the minimum and maximum risk ranges in terms of farmers and insurance were determined by using the simplex method of linear programming on the basis of yield and price.In addition, diseases and pests and other risk factors not included in the scope of agricultural insurances were included in the linear models and wheat yield was estimated on district basis.In the model with all risk factors, the expected risk value of the farmer is 64.962 (kg / ha-1) -71.588 (TL / ha-1), while it is estimated as 53.548 (kg / ha-1) -59.009 (TL / ha-1) in terms of insurance. has been. As a result, it was estimated that the farmer paid 20,831 (TL / ha-1) premiums and 122,344 (TL / ha-1), while insurance companies paid 59,009 (TL / ha-1) premium 84,018 (TL / ha-1) compensation.
Identifying Preferences of Red Meat Consumption by Means of Conjoint Analysis
(Selçuk Üniversitesi, 2021) Özüak, Aykut; Keskin, İsmail
In this study, in order to identify the preferences of red meat consumption in Konya, conjoint analysis was used, which has been quite commonly used in product production and existing market studies. Preference cards used in the study were applied to 201 people. People were asked to put in order preference cards by coding as “1” the mostpreferrable toward they prefer the least, and the full profile method is used. Kendall’s Tau value stating representation power of the model was identified as 0.974 and Pearson's R, as 0.993. At the end of the study, it was seen that the factors affecting red meat preferences and purchasing behaviors of the people living in Konya were purchasing place (46.5%), sort of meat (17.7%), purchasing way (13.0%), fat rate of the meat purchased (12.9%) and, finally, meat price. As a result, it was expressed that conjoint analysis would help about which changes businesses could make in their products or services, which points they had to be dealt with product development studies, and in what direction the existing and potential customers in market could react.
Siyah alaca buzağılarda doğum-dördüncü ay arası dönemde büyüme ve gelişme özellikleri
(Selçuk Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2019) Gürdal, Mehmet; Zülkadir, Uğur
Bu çalışmanın amacı Konya'nın Ereğli ilçesinde özel bir işletmede yetiştirilen Siyah Alaca buzağılarda doğum ile dört aylık yaş arası dönemde büyüme ve gelişmenin belirlenmesidir. Çalışmada ilçede hastalıklardan ari, modern bir süt sığırı işletmesindeki 536 baş Siyah Alaca dişi buzağı kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada doğum ağırlığı (DA), doğumda sağrı yüksekliği (SYD), 60. gün canlı ağırlığı (CA60), altmışıncı gün sağrı yüksekliği (SY60), 120. gün canlı ağırlığı (CA120), 120. gün sağrı yüksekliği (SY120), doğum-60. gün arası dönemde günlük canlı ağırlık artışı (GCAAD-60), 60-120. gün arası dönemde günlük canlı ağırlık artışı (GCAA60-120) ve doğum-120. gün arası dönemde günlük canlı ağırlık artışı (GCAAD-120) değerlerine ait genel ortalamalar sırasıyla 37.94±4.38 kg, 78.56±3.18 cm, 77.34±5.71 kg, 91.86±2.38 cm, 123.58±9.92 kg, 102.88±3.10 cm, 0.622±0.044 kg, 0.768±0.179 kg ve 0.687±0.031 kg olarak tespit edilmiştir. Doğum ağırlığına doğum ayı (Ocak, Şubat….Aralık) ve doğum sayısının (ilk doğumunu yapanlar, birden fazla doğum yapanlar) etkisi çok önemli (P<0.01); doğumda sağrı yüksekliğine doğum ayı ve doğum yılının (2017, 2018) etkisi çok önemli (P<0.01), doğum sayısının etkisi ise önemli (P<0.05); 60. gün ağırlığına doğum ayının etkisi önemli (P<0.05); 60. gün sağrı yüksekliğine doğum ayı ve doğum yılının etkisi çok önemli (P<0.01), doğum sayısının etkisi ise önemli (P<0.05); 120. gün ağırlığına doğum sayısının etkisi önemli (P<0.05); yüz yirminci gün sağrı yüksekliğine doğum ayının etkisi çok önemli (P<0.01); doğum-60. gün arası dönemde günlük canlı ağırlık artışına doğum yılının etkisi çok önemli (P<0.01); 60-120. gün arası dönemde günlük canlı ağırlık artışına doğum ayının etkisi önemli (P<0.05); doğum-120. gün arası günlük canlı ağırlık artışına doğum ayı ve doğum yılının etkisi çok önemli (P<0.01) bulunmuştur. Aynı özelliklerin tekrarlanma dereceleri yukarıdaki sırayla 0.356±0.102; 0.144± 0.116; 0.168±0.132; 0.004±0.134; 0.155±0.146; 0.015±0.149; 0.011±0.127; 0.269±0.139; 0.160±0.142 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, incelenen işletmede buzağıların bu dört aylık dönemde ırk özelliklerini temsil eden fenotipik değerlere sahip oldukları ve büyüme ve gelişmelerinin kabul edilebilir aralıklarda olduğu ifade edilebilir.
Effects of dietary different levels of nano, organic and ınorganic zinc sources on performance, eggshell quality, bone mechanical parameters and mineral contents of the tibia, liver, serum and excreta in laying hens
(HUMANA PRESS INC, 2020) Cufadar, Yusuf.; Göçmen, Rabia.; Kanbur, Gülşah.; Yıldırım, Bedia.
This study was conducted to determine the effect of dietary zinc (Zn) sources and their levels on the performance, egg quality, tissue mineral concentrations and bone mechanical traits of laying hens. Two hundred seventy, 44-week-old, Super Nick white laying hens were randomly distributed to 15 experimental groups in a 3 (sources of Zn) x 5 (levels of Zn) factorial arrangement, using groups of 18 birds with 6 replicates. The 15 experimental diets consisted of three sources of Zn (zinc-oxide as an inorganic form, zinc-proteinate as an organic form and nano zinc-oxide powder as a nano form) and five different levels of Zn (20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 mg Zn/kg diet). The experiment lasted 12 weeks. Dietary Zn sources, Zn levels and their interactions had no significant effect on the performance parameters between the treatment groups, nor a significant effect on eggshell weight and eggshell breaking strength. Eggshell thickness and eggshell Ca and P contents were significantly affected by the different dietary Zn sources. Dietary Zn sources, Zn levels and their interactions had no significant effect on tibia Ca and P contents, and also had no significant effect on tibia Zn content. Liver Zn content was significantly affected by the dietary Zn sources. Serum Zn content was not affected by the dietary treatments. Dietary Zn sources, Zn levels and their interactions had no significant effect on tibia weight, tibia stress and tibia breaking strength, as tibia mechanical parameters. Excreta Zn content decreased linearly when hens were fed nano Zn compared to organic and inorganic Zn, and excreta Zn content also linearly increased with increasing dietary Zn levels. In conclusion, 20 mg/kg of supplemental Zn is optimal for sustaining performance, good eggshell quality and bone status, while also reducing Zn excretion and soil pollution, with organic (Zn-proteinate) and nano (ZnO) Zn as the preferred forms in laying hen diets.
Effects of hourly, daily and seasonal variation of hazardous gases and climatic factors on the welfare of sheep housed in solid-floor confinement barns
(SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES, 2019) Seyfi, S. Uzal; Ilhan, F.
Ambient air quality in livestock buildings is one of the most important factors affecting environmental pollution and global warming. Carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), ammonia (NH3) and hydrogen sulphide (H2S) are among the most hazardous gases in terms of human and animal health. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of hourly, daily and seasonal variations in the levels of hazardous gases, such as CO2, CH4, NH3 and H2S in a solid-floor confinement sheep barn; as well as the effect of climatic parameters, temperature (T), relative humidity (RH) and air flow (AF) on animal welfare. The correlation between hazardous gases and climatic factors in the barn was also determined. The study was carried out on a sheep farm between July 2012 and June 2013 in Konya (Turkey) where few data are currently available on this subject. Climatic data were measured at intervals of five minutes at different points during this study, while hazardous gases were measured at the same intervals during the experimental periods (10 days for each season). All data were analysed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's method was used to reveal intergroup differences. Cross-bilateral correlation between all data and different time periods was examined. There were significant differences between hourly and daily mean values of CO2, NH3, T, RH and AF. CO2 and NH3 levels showed a significant correlation with T and RH. Unfortunately, H2S and CH4 were below the level of detection in the study. Reducing the formation of these harmful gases, which have negative effects on animal production and cause environmental pollution, will be carried out with new sheep barn designs that take into account ambient air quality appropriate for animal welfare.
Muş ilinde özel süt sığırcılığı işletmelerinde süt verim özelliklerinin belirlenmesi
(KAHRAMANMARAS SUTCU IMAM UNIV REKTORLUGU, 2019) Bakır, Galip.; Kibar, Mustafa.
Objective of this study was to determine the application of dairy cattle breeding practices 346 farm located in Mus province and its 5 districts. While milking was performed by hand twice a day in farms, milking period average was found to be about 7.4 months. While the average daily milk yield was 10.3 kg, milk yield in the province was concentrated in the range of 6-10 kg in 50.7%. Overall, 59.3% of the operators stated that the milk obtained from the cows was not sufficient and 86.4% of them stated that the milk yield varied seasonally. Generally, 82.6% of the farms dried the cows and 55.8% kept 60 days in dry period. Additionally, 54% of the farms had teat cleaning before milking and after the milking, the rate of those who had immersion was found to be 32.2%. Additionally, 70.5% of the farms converted the produced milk into the form of cheese-yoghurtbutter products. The total milk produced in farms with a small number of animals was consumed for household needs. in others, 1015% was generally consumed for the same purpose. In order to increase milk yield in the farms, measures such as improving the infrastructure of the enterprise including shelter, increasing the rate of culture races in the breeds, increasing the quality of pasture and increasing the technical knowledge of breeders were recommended.
BoLA-DRB3.2 polymorphism in Holstein friesian, Simmental and Brown swiss cattle breeds
(PARLAR SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS (P S P), 2019) Ilhan, Fatma.; Aytekin, Ibrahim.
In this research, the BoLA-DRB3 exon 2 region in the MHC gene region was surveyed by PCR-RFLP analysis in three of the cattle breeds that are commonly reared in Turkey. This locus was PCR-amplified, and a 284-bp fragment was obtained. To determine the variation in the BoLA-DRB3.2 gene region, BstYI and HaeIII restriction enzymes were used. Three genotypes and two alleles were detected as a result of BstYl enzyme restriction; six genotypes and three alleles were detected at the end of the HaeIII enzyme fragment. The bb genotype is more frequent in all breeds as a result of BstYI restriction. Chi-square analysis revealed that the population with this enzyme was in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. For the HaeIII enzyme, the bb genotype had the highest frequency, and the population is not balanced according to the enzyme cutting results. The HaeIII restriction site at 167 bp correlated with the Pro 56 amino acid. This amino acid was included in the antigen-recognition site of the MHC molecule, which was recorded in 38% of Holstein Friesian, 22% of Simmental and 19% of Brown Swiss animals. This study of BoLA-DRB3 genes in cattle breeds grown in Turkey demonstrates the genetic profile.
Siirt ili merkez ilçede kırmızı et tüketim alışkanlıkları ve tüketimi etkileyen faktörler
(2019) Kibar, Mustafa; Mikail, Nazire; Yılmaz, Ayhan
Kırmızı et tüketimi insanların sağlıklı beslenmesinde ve ülkelerin gelişmişlik düzeyinin belirlenmesinde önemli bir faktördür. Bu çalışma Siirt ili Merkez ilçede kırmızı et tüketim alışkanlığını ve tüketimi etkileyen faktörleri incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Veriler tesadüfi örnekleme metoduyla belirlenen 161 kişi ile yüzyüze anket yapılarak elde edilmiştir. Deneklerin yaklaşık olarak yarısı kadınlardan oluşmakta ve çoğunluğu Siirt ilinde sadece ikamet ettiklerini belirtmiştir. Araştırmaya katılanların çoğunluğu lise-lisans derecesine sahip, evli ve orta yaşlı insanlardan oluşmaktadır. Katılımcılar genellikle koyun etini, orta fiyatlı etleri ve alım yeri olarak da kasabı tercih etmektedirler. Katılımcıların kırmızı eti tercih etmesinde alışkanlık başta olmak üzere lezzetli ve sağlıklı olması gibi faktörler de etkili olmuştur. Tüketiciler kırmızı et satın alırken alım yerinin hijyenik olmasına ve ürünlerin etiketli olmasına daha çok dikkat etmişlerdir. Tüketicilerin et tüketim miktarları üzerine ailedeki birey sayısı, aylık ortalama gelir ve aylık ortalama gıda harcaması etkili olmuştur. Sonuç olarak Siirt ilinde daha çok koyun etinin tüketildiği ve bu durumun bölgede küçükbaş hayvancılığın yaygın olmasından ve dolayısıyla alışkanlıktan kaynaklandığı düşünülmektedir.

Güncel Gönderiler