Osmanlı devleti'nde bir taşra güvenlik örgütü olan derbent teşkilatı
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Tarih
2008
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Karavanları ve ticaret yollarını korumak için kurulan ve İlhanlılardaki “tutkavul” sisteminden geliştirilen derbent teşkilatı Osmanlı devletinin en önemli yerleşim yollarından biriydi. Duvarlarla çevrili derbent teşkilatları ana yolların kesiştiği ve merkezi önem taşıyan yerlerin bulunduğu yerlerde kurulmuştu; bu yüzden, yakın köylerde yaşayanlar bu derbentlere sağladıkları hizmetlerden dolayı bazen bir kısım bazen de tüm vergilerden muaf tutulmuşlardır. Derbentler sade bölgenin ve ticaret yolunun güvenliğini sağlamak konusunda önemli noktalar olmakla kalmamış aynı aykırı bölgelerde yerleşim yerlerinin oluşmasını da sağlamıştır. İşlevsellik bakımından önemli yerler olmasına rağmen, 17.yüzyılda köylerde yaşayan, hatta kasabalarda yaşayan, insanların bozguncular tarafından rahatsız edilmelerinden dolayı derbentler düzenlerini yitirdiler. 18. yüzyılda devlet düzensizliği gidermeye çalıştı. Alınan bütün önlemlere rağmen eski işlevlerine kavuşamadı ve ihmal edildi. Tanzimatla başlayan reform hareketleri derbentleri ortadan kaldırdı ve daha modern anlamda güvenlik teşkilatlanması yapıldı. Bu çerçevede belli noktalardaki hanlar ve derbentler jandarma noktaları haline dönüştürüldü.
The derbent organization which was established in order to protect caravans and trade-roads and developed from the “Tutkavul” system in Ilhanlıs, is one of the important roads of settlement in the Ottoman State. The derbent facilities, surrounded by walls, are built around intersections of the main roads and in places with central importance; therefore, the inhabitants live in village recorded as the ones responsible for various services are exempted from some or all taxes. Derbents are not only important facilities they also provide security for the region and trade-route but they played a role in enabling settlement in isolated places to Although they were significant in terms of their functions, their organization begins to get out of order in 17th century, the residents have to leave their houses since they are subjected to pressure of bandits. In 18th century the state tried to put this malfunction in order. In spite of all the measures taken the derbents. In couldn’t be brought back to its old form and so neglected. The reform movements that began with the administrative reforms “Tanzimat” enable derbent organizations to be removed and in modern sense security organization is founded; in this framework inns and derbents in some certain points are transformed into gendarme post.
The derbent organization which was established in order to protect caravans and trade-roads and developed from the “Tutkavul” system in Ilhanlıs, is one of the important roads of settlement in the Ottoman State. The derbent facilities, surrounded by walls, are built around intersections of the main roads and in places with central importance; therefore, the inhabitants live in village recorded as the ones responsible for various services are exempted from some or all taxes. Derbents are not only important facilities they also provide security for the region and trade-route but they played a role in enabling settlement in isolated places to Although they were significant in terms of their functions, their organization begins to get out of order in 17th century, the residents have to leave their houses since they are subjected to pressure of bandits. In 18th century the state tried to put this malfunction in order. In spite of all the measures taken the derbents. In couldn’t be brought back to its old form and so neglected. The reform movements that began with the administrative reforms “Tanzimat” enable derbent organizations to be removed and in modern sense security organization is founded; in this framework inns and derbents in some certain points are transformed into gendarme post.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Osmanlı Devleti, Derbent teşkilatı, Güvenlik
Kaynak
Gaziantep Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
7
Sayı
1
Künye
Keçici, A. D. (2008). Osmanlı Devleti'nde Bir Taşra Güvenlik Örgütü Olan Derbent Teşkilatı. Gaziantep Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 7(1), 44-53.
