Ağaç, Yer Si?ncabı ve Ratın Mandıbula'sı Üzeri?nde Karşılaştırmalı Makro-anatomi?k, Mekani?k ve Geometri?k Morfometri?k Çalışma
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2007
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
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Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Selçuk Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışma karşılaştırmalı olarak üç tür rodent (kemirici) üzerinde yapıldı. On adet ergin ağaç sincabi (Sciurus anomalus, 5 erkek, 5 dişi), on adet ergin yer sincabi (Spermophilus xanthoprymnus, 4 erkek, 6 dişi) ve on adette 60 günlük Rat-Sprague Dawley (Rattus norvegicus, 5 erkek, 5 dişi) kullanıldı. Çalışma içinde sağ mandibula'ların (çene kemikleri) lateral yüzleri kullanıldı. Araştırmadaki ağaç, yer sincabi ve ratin mandibula'ları "makro-anatomik" olarak karşılaştırıldı. Ratlar, sincaplarla kıyaslandığında en belirgin olarak; lateral yüzde incisura mandibula'nın rostro-ventralinde kemiksel bir çıkıntı mevcuttu ve proc. coronoideus daha kısa ve düzdü. Medial yüzdeki fossa pterygoidea oluşumu yer sincaplarında daha derin, ratta ise daha sığdi. Memelilerden farklı olarak her üç türde de fossa masseterica'yı dorsal ve ventral olarak sınırlayan masseterik çizgiler mevcuttu. Çene kemiği üzerinden alınan bazı metrik ölçümler bakimindan (Sd, Sv. Ad. Td). yer sincabi ve rat çok benzerdi. Ayrıca üç türe ait mandibula kemiğindeki çiğneme kaslarının "mekanik avantajları hesaplandı. Genelde ağaç sincabındaki çene kaslarının mekanik avantajları, yer sincaplarından yüksek bulundu. Buna karşın ağaç sincabi, ratla karşılaştırıldığında sadece iki çene kasinin (Sd, Sv) yüksek, bir kasin (Ad) düşük, diğer iki kasin (Tv, Td) ise benzer mekanik avantajlara sahip oldukları belirlendi. Ratlar ise yer sincaplanı ile kıyaslandığında, genelde çene kaslarının mekanik avantajı (Sd, Ad, Tv) yüksekti veya bazıları (Sv. Td) benzerdi. M. temporalis in dorsal fibrillen (Td)'nin mekanik avantajı ise her üç türde de ayniydi. Bu araştırmada üç kemirgen türüne ait mandibula şekilleri "Geometrik Morfometrik" metoduyla tür ve cinsiyot farklılığı bakımından da karşılaştırıldı. Bu amaçla çene kemiğinde 16 adet homolog landmark noktas: tespit edildi. Elde edilen şekillere ait veriler Geometrik Morfometrik yöntemiyle analiz edildi. İlk iki temel bileşen-TB (PC-RW) ile türler ayırt edilebildi. İlk iki TB, şekillere ait toplam varyansin % 71 ini açıkladı (TB1%37, TB2:934). Deformasyon ağ izgarası çizilerek örneklerdeki landmark'ların hareket yönlerine ait farkliliklar belirlendi. Şekil bakımından orthogonal karşılaştırmalar sonucu sadece tür faktörünün istatistiki olarak önemli olduğu gözlendi.
This study is carried out comparatively on three rodent species. There were ten matured three squirrels (5 male and 5 female), ten matured ground squirrels (4 male and 6 female), and ten 60 day old rats (5 male and 5 female). Study material was lateral side of right mandible. Mandibles of tree and ground squirrels and rats were compared macro-anatomically. Comparing to squirrels, rats had a bone tip on the lateral side of rostro-ventral of mandibular notch, coronoid process was short and plain, and in the medial side, pterygoid fossa was deepper in the ground squirrels but not in the rats. Unlike mammals, three species had masseteric ridge that frames masseteric fossa dorsally and ventrally. In terms of some metric measurements (Sd, Sv, Ad, Td) taken on mandible, ground squirrel and rat were very similar. In addition, mechanical advantageous of masticatory muscles on the mandible of three species were calculated. In general, comparing to ground squirrel, tree squirrel had more mechanical advantageous of jaw muscles. However, comparison of three squirrel to rat showed that tree squirrel had more advantageous in two jaw muscles (Sd, Sv), had disadvantageous in one masticatory muscles (Ad), and had no differences for the other two jaw muscles (Tv, Td). Comparing rats to ground squirrels, in terms of jaw muscles, showed that rats had more advantageous in three jaw muscles (Sd, Ad, Tv), but had no differences for the other two (Sv. Td). In terms of dorsal fibers of the temporal muscles (Td), there were no differences for three species. In this study, three rodent species were compared for spo and sex factors via Geometric Morphometrics methods. For this purpose, 16 homologou landmarks, on the mandible, were used. It is found that the first two principle components (PC1 and PC2) were able to separate three species clearly. The first two principle components were able to reveal 71% of the total shape variation (PC1: 37%, PC2: 34% ). In addition, movements of landmarks in different species were analysed by means of deformation grid. Orthogonal comparison of shape data showed that three species differs statistically significantly.
This study is carried out comparatively on three rodent species. There were ten matured three squirrels (5 male and 5 female), ten matured ground squirrels (4 male and 6 female), and ten 60 day old rats (5 male and 5 female). Study material was lateral side of right mandible. Mandibles of tree and ground squirrels and rats were compared macro-anatomically. Comparing to squirrels, rats had a bone tip on the lateral side of rostro-ventral of mandibular notch, coronoid process was short and plain, and in the medial side, pterygoid fossa was deepper in the ground squirrels but not in the rats. Unlike mammals, three species had masseteric ridge that frames masseteric fossa dorsally and ventrally. In terms of some metric measurements (Sd, Sv, Ad, Td) taken on mandible, ground squirrel and rat were very similar. In addition, mechanical advantageous of masticatory muscles on the mandible of three species were calculated. In general, comparing to ground squirrel, tree squirrel had more mechanical advantageous of jaw muscles. However, comparison of three squirrel to rat showed that tree squirrel had more advantageous in two jaw muscles (Sd, Sv), had disadvantageous in one masticatory muscles (Ad), and had no differences for the other two jaw muscles (Tv, Td). Comparing rats to ground squirrels, in terms of jaw muscles, showed that rats had more advantageous in three jaw muscles (Sd, Ad, Tv), but had no differences for the other two (Sv. Td). In terms of dorsal fibers of the temporal muscles (Td), there were no differences for three species. In this study, three rodent species were compared for spo and sex factors via Geometric Morphometrics methods. For this purpose, 16 homologou landmarks, on the mandible, were used. It is found that the first two principle components (PC1 and PC2) were able to separate three species clearly. The first two principle components were able to reveal 71% of the total shape variation (PC1: 37%, PC2: 34% ). In addition, movements of landmarks in different species were analysed by means of deformation grid. Orthogonal comparison of shape data showed that three species differs statistically significantly.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Geometrik Morfometrik, sincap, rat, mandibula, anatomi, Geometric Morphometrics, squirrel, anatomy
Kaynak
Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
23
Sayı
1
Künye
Yalçın, H., Kayış, S. A., Arslan, A., (2007). Ağaç, Yer Si̇ncabı ve Ratın Mandıbula'sı Üzeri̇nde Karşılaştırmalı Makro-anatomi̇k, Mekani̇k ve Geometri̇k Morfometri̇k Çalışma. Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 23(1), 83-95.
