Keşan’da Bir Kültür Mirası: Eski Hamam
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2020
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Selçuk Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
1361 yılında Sultan I. Murad tarafından fethedilen Edirne, İstanbul’un fethine kadar Osmanlı Devleti’ne başkentlik yapmıştır. Başkent olduktan sonra kentin imarına önem verilmiş ve kentte pek çok eser inşa edilmiştir. Bünyesinde barındırdığı şaheserlerle Osmanlı Devleti tarihindeki yerini alan Edirne ve yöresi, anıtsal mimarisi ile dikkat çeken bir yerleşim yeri olmuştur. Bu mimarinin içinde su yapıları ayrı bir yer tutmaktadır. Türklerin temizliğe verdiği önem ve İslam dini hükümleri çerçevesinde kent merkezinde ve çevresinde pek çok su yapısı inşa edilmiştir. Bu yapılar içinde hamamlar kent tarihi ve kent dokusunun gelişmesinde bizlere önemli bilgiler vermektedir. Osmanlı Devleti zamanında özellikle başkent yıllarında kent merkezi ve çevresinde sayısız hamam yapısı inşa edildiğini yazılı belgelerden öğrenmekteyiz. Bununla birlikte başkentin İstanbul olmasıyla birlikte kent önemini kaybetmemiş başta Sultanlar olmak üzere önemli devlet adamları ve varlıklı kişiler tarafından kentin çeşitli bölgelerinde pek çok hamam inşa ettirilmiştir. Bu hamamlar içinde halk hamamları dikkat çekmektedir. Kentin mevcut yapısı ve ihtiyaç durumu gözetilerek inşa edilen bu yapıların önemli bir bölümü hala ayaktadır. İnşa edilen hamamlar sadece kent merkezinde değil aynı zamanda kente yakın mesafedeki kırsal yerleşim yörelerinde de önem arz etmektedir. Bu yerleşim yerlerinin başında bugün Edirne’nin en büyük ilçesi konumunda olan Keşan bulunmaktadır. Edirne kentinin güneyinde ve aynı zamanda Çanakkale Boğazı güzergâhında yer alan Keşan, günümüze ulaşan iki önemli hamam yapısıyla dikkat çeker. Bu hamamlardan her ikisi de bugün ilçe merkezindedir. Hamamlardan daha büyük boyutlu olan ve asıl konumuzu oluşturan Eski Hamam, daha önce yazılı belgelerle yayınlanmamış olup ilk kez bu çalışma ile bilim dünyasına tanıtılacaktır. Banisi ve inşa tarihi bilinmediği için bölge halkı tarafından farklı isimlerle tanınan Eski Hamam, ilçenin günümüze ulaşan en büyük hamam yapısı olma özelliğine sahiptir. Tasarımı ve süsleme özellikleri açısından merkezdeki yapılara göre daha sade bir anlayışla inşa edildiği anlaşılan yapı, kubbeli tasarımı, inşa malzemesi ve bölümleri ile Osmanlı hamam mimarisi içindeki yerini almaktadır. Bu çalışmada Edirne’nin Keşan ilçesinde bulunan ve daha önce arşiv belgelerinde de adına rastlamadığımız bir hamam yapısını malzeme, plan, mimari ve süsleme özellikleri açısından değerlendirerek Türk hamam mimarisi içindeki yerini belirlemeye çalışacağız. Ayrıca yapının tarihlendirilmesi üzerine kısa bir değerlendirme yapılacaktır.
Edirne, which was conquered by Sultan Murad I in 1361, served as the capital of the Ottoman Empire until the conquest of Istanbul. After being a capital city, it was given a priority to the city reconstruction and many structures were built in the city. Edirne and its region, which takes its place in the history of the Ottoman Empire with the masterpieces it contains, is a remarkable settlement with its monumental architecture. Water structures have a special place in this architecture. Many water structures were built in and around the city center within the framework of religious principles of Islam and taking account the importance given to cleaning by the Turks. Within these buildings, the baths give us important information in the development of the city's history and urban texture. We learn from the written documents that numerous bath structures were built in the around the city center during the Ottoman Empire, especially in the capital years. However, with the capital being Istanbul, the city did not lose its importance, so many baths were built in various parts of the city by important statesmen and wealthy people, especially the Sultans. Among these baths, public baths attract attention. An important part of these structures, which were built by considering the current structure and necessity of the city, is still standing. The baths built are important not only in the city center but also in rural settlements close to the city. Kesan, which is the biggest district of Edirne today, is at the top of these settlements. Keşan, which is located in the south of Edirne and on the route of the Dardanelles (the Hellespont), attracts attention with its two important bath structures that survived to the present day. Both of these baths are in the county center today. The Old Bath, which is larger in size than the other Turkish baths and constitutes our main topic, has not been published in written documents before and will be introduced to the scientific world with this study for the first time. The Old Bath, which is known by the local people for its different names since its bani and construction date is unknown, has the feature of being the largest bath structure of the district. The building, which is understood to be built with a simpler understanding than the buildings in the center in terms of its design and decoration features, takes its place in the Ottoman bath architecture with its domed design, building materials and sections. In this study, we will evaluate a Turkish bath architecture in Keşan County of Edirne, which we have not seen in wrtitten documents before, in terms of materials, plan, architecture and decoration features and we will try to determine its place in Turkish Bath architecture. In addition, a short evaluation will be made on the dating of the structure.
Edirne, which was conquered by Sultan Murad I in 1361, served as the capital of the Ottoman Empire until the conquest of Istanbul. After being a capital city, it was given a priority to the city reconstruction and many structures were built in the city. Edirne and its region, which takes its place in the history of the Ottoman Empire with the masterpieces it contains, is a remarkable settlement with its monumental architecture. Water structures have a special place in this architecture. Many water structures were built in and around the city center within the framework of religious principles of Islam and taking account the importance given to cleaning by the Turks. Within these buildings, the baths give us important information in the development of the city's history and urban texture. We learn from the written documents that numerous bath structures were built in the around the city center during the Ottoman Empire, especially in the capital years. However, with the capital being Istanbul, the city did not lose its importance, so many baths were built in various parts of the city by important statesmen and wealthy people, especially the Sultans. Among these baths, public baths attract attention. An important part of these structures, which were built by considering the current structure and necessity of the city, is still standing. The baths built are important not only in the city center but also in rural settlements close to the city. Kesan, which is the biggest district of Edirne today, is at the top of these settlements. Keşan, which is located in the south of Edirne and on the route of the Dardanelles (the Hellespont), attracts attention with its two important bath structures that survived to the present day. Both of these baths are in the county center today. The Old Bath, which is larger in size than the other Turkish baths and constitutes our main topic, has not been published in written documents before and will be introduced to the scientific world with this study for the first time. The Old Bath, which is known by the local people for its different names since its bani and construction date is unknown, has the feature of being the largest bath structure of the district. The building, which is understood to be built with a simpler understanding than the buildings in the center in terms of its design and decoration features, takes its place in the Ottoman bath architecture with its domed design, building materials and sections. In this study, we will evaluate a Turkish bath architecture in Keşan County of Edirne, which we have not seen in wrtitten documents before, in terms of materials, plan, architecture and decoration features and we will try to determine its place in Turkish Bath architecture. In addition, a short evaluation will be made on the dating of the structure.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Keşan, Hamam, Su Yapıları, Osmanlı Mimarisi, Bath, Water Structures, Ottoman Architecture
Kaynak
Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
43
Künye
Karademir, M., (2020). Keşan’da Bir Kültür Mirası: Eski Hamam. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, (43), 310-326.
