Genetic gains in wheat in Turkey: Winter wheat for dryland conditions

Küçük Resim Yok

Tarih

2017

Dergi Başlığı

Dergi ISSN

Cilt Başlığı

Yayıncı

ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV

Erişim Hakkı

info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess

Özet

Wheat breeders in Turkey have been developing newvarieties since the 1920s, but fewstudies have evaluated the rates of genetic improvement. This study determined wheat genetic gains by evaluating 22 winter/facultative varieties released for rainfed conditions between 1931 and 2006. The studywas conducted at three locations in Turkey during 2008-2012, with a total of 21 test sites. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with four replicates in 2008 and 2009 and three replicates in 2010-2012. Regression analysis was conducted to determine genetic progress over time. Mean yield across all 21 locations was 3.34 t ha(-1), but varied from 1.11 t ha(-1) to 6.02 t ha(-1) and was highly affected by moisture stress. Annual genetic gain was 0.50% compared to Ak-702, or 0.30% compared to the firstmodern landmark varieties. The genetic gains in drought-affected sites were 0.75% compared to Ak-702 and 0.66% compared to the landmark varieties. Modern varieties had both improved yield potential and tolerance to moisture stress. Rht genes and rye translocations were largely absent in the varieties studied. The number of spikes per unit area decreased by 10% over the study period, but grains spike(-1) and 1000-kernel weight increased by 10%. There were no significant increases in harvest index, grain size, or spike fertility, and no significant decrease in quality over time. Future use of Rht genes and rye translocations in breeding programs may increase yield under rainfed conditions. (C) 2017 Crop Science Society of China and Institute of Crop Science, CAAS. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.

Açıklama

Anahtar Kelimeler

Genetic gain, Rainfed wheat production, Winter wheat, Yield

Kaynak

CROP JOURNAL

WoS Q Değeri

Q1

Scopus Q Değeri

Q1

Cilt

5

Sayı

6

Künye