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Öğe Ultrastructural and molecular characterization of Nosema alticae sp. nov. (Microsporidia: Nosematidae), pathogen of the flea beetle, Altica hampei Allard, 1867 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)(Academic Press Inc., 2020) Yıldırım H.; Bekircan Ç.In this study, the first microsporidian pathogen from Altica hampei (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is described based on light microscopy, ultrastructural characteristics and comparative 16S SSU rDNA analysis. All developmental stages of the microsporidium are diplokaryotic and in direct contact with the host cell cytoplasm. Giemsa-stained mature spores are oval in shape and measured 3.82 ± 0.35 ?m in length and 2.54 ± 0.27 ?m in width. The polar filament of the binucleate spores is isofilar with 12–14 coils. Coils are 140.28 ± 4.88 nm (135.59–147.06; n = 36) in diameter and consist of six concentric layers of different electron density and thickness. The spores have a relatively thick (161.72 ± 29.19 nm) trilaminar spore wall. Morphological, ultrastructural and molecular features indicate that the described microsporidium belongs to the genus Nosema and is named Nosema alticae sp. nov. © 2019Öğe The effects of stacking sequence on drilling machinability of filament wound hybrid composite pipes: Part-1 mechanical characterization and drilling tests(Elsevier Ltd, 2020) Gemi L.; Köklü U.; Yazman; Morkavuk S.In the first part of this two-part comprehensive study, mechanical properties and machinability characteristic of filament wound hybrid composite pipes with various stacking sequences of glass and carbon fibers (Glass-Carbon-Glass (GCG), Carbon-Glass-Glass (CGG), and Glass-Glass-Carbon (GGC)) were investigated experimentally. In order to determine the mechanical properties of the pipes, hardness test (Shore D), ring tensile test (ASTM D2290), and burst test (ASTM D1599) were carried out. Machinability tests were performed at various feed rates (50, 150, 250 and 350 mm/min) and spindle speeds (796, 1592, 2388 and 3184 rpm) using with and without a back-up. The results showed that stacking of the carbon layer between two glass layers (GCG) presented better performance in terms of mechanical properties and machinability characteristic. The maximum ring tensile stress of GCG specimen is 27% and 19% higher than those of GGC and CGG specimens, respectively. On the other hand, the lowest thrust forces measured during the drilling of GCG specimen while the GGC represented highest values. In addition, the use of back-up led to an increase in thrust force. The highest increase was observed in GGC sample. In GGC sample, a change in a spindle speed increased thrust force by 18–35%, while a change in feed rate increased thrust force by 20–30%. © 2020 Elsevier LtdÖğe The relationship between serum clozapine concentrations and hematological parameters by a validated mass spectrometric method(Elsevier B.V., 2020) Kamil Gharab, Karam Mazin; Onmaz, Duygu Eryavuz; Abuşoğlu, Sedat; Aydın, Memduha; Sivrikaya, Abdullah; Tok, Oğuzhan; Abuşoğlu, Gülsüm; Ünlü, AliObjective: Clozapine is one of the most effective drugs for resistant schizophrenia, but its severe metabolic and hematological side effects limit the use of clozapine. It has been reported that clozapine blood concentrations should be maintained between 350?600 ng/mL. Our aim was to develop a determination method for clozapine and its main metabolites norclozapine and clozapine-N-oxide, to perform validation studies and to investigate the change of various biochemical parameters in patients using clozapine. Methods: A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method was developed and validated for clozapine measurement. Thus, blood samples were collected from 38 patients with schizophrenia and 32 healthy volunteers. Biochemical and hematological parameters were measured by Beckman-Coulter AU 5800 (Beckman Coulter, Brea, USA) and Beckman Coulter LH 780 analyzer (Beckman Coulter, Miami, FL, USA), respectively. Hormone levels were analyzed using Cobas 6000 analyzer (Roche Diagnostics, Germany). Results: The LC[sbnd]MS/MS method was linear between 1.22?2500 ng/mL (r2 = 0.9971) for clozapine. The retention times of clozapine, norclozapine and clozapine-N-oxide were 0.92, 0.89 and 0.95, respectively. Blood glucose (GLU) (p = 0.025), low density lipoprotein (LDL-cholesterol) (p = 0.015), triglyseride (TG) (p = 0.042) and total cholesterol (TC) (p = 0.024) levels were higher; hemoglobin (HGB) (0.015), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) (0.036), red blood cell count (RBC) (0.020), neutrophil (NEU) (0.034), and platelet (PLT) (P = 0.005) levels were lower in the clozapine group. Conclusions: This LC–MS/MS method was rapid, simple, cost-effective and suitable for the routine clozapine monitoring. Furthermore, norclozapine and clozapine-N-oxide were also determined. Monitoring of metabolic and hematological parameters with clozapine levels is very important. However, the limitations of the study were that the method was not validated for norclozapine and clozapine-N-oxide, so the validation parameters were not evaluated for these two metabolites. © 2019 Elsevier B.V.Öğe The effects of local and intraperitoneal zinc treatments on maxillofacial fracture healing in rabbits(Churchill Livingstone, 2020) Azgın, İsa; Arbağ, Hamdi; Eryılmaz, Mehmet Akif; Çelik, Zeliha EsinThis study aimed to determine whether administration of topical and intraperitoneal zinc formaxillofacial fractures has any impact on the bone healing process.Material and method:Thirty-two New Zealand rabbits were randomly assigned to four groups of eighteach. Thefirst group was the control group; fracture lines werefixed using titanium microplates and nomedication was administered. The second group receivedfixations using zinc-coated titanium micro-plates. A single dose of 3 mg/kg zinc was administered intraperitoneally to the third group followingfixations with titanium microplates. A single dose of 3 mg/kg zinc was administered intraperitoneally tothe fourth group followingfixations with zinc-coated titanium microplates. Zinc coating on to the ti-tanium microplates was achieved using the physical vapor deposition technique. A fracture line wascreated in the nasal bones of all subjects andfixed withfive-holeflat microplates and three 5-mm microscrews. All work groups were sacrificed at the end of the sixth week.Results:Histological examination showed that the number of osteoblasts were significantly higher inzinc-coated group (Group 2) than zinc uncoated, control group (Group 1), (415.6±46.7 vs 366.3±11.8)(p<0.001). It was observed that intraperitoneal zinc treatment alone (Group 3) did not significantlyincrease in the osteoblast count compared to zinc un-coated group (Group 1), (390.6±83.2 vs366.3±11.8), (p¼0.341). The immunoreactivity scores for IGF-1 were significantly higher in the zinc-coated group compared to control group (Group 2 vs 1), (9.3±2.8 vs 3.7±1.9) (p<0.05). It wasobserved that intraperitoneal zinc treatment did not cause a significant difference in the aspect of IGF-1for zinc-coated groups (Group 2 vs 4) (9.3±2.8 vs 9.6±2.2) (p¼0.791). The difference in the immu-noreactivity score among whole groups for TGF-bwas not statistically significant (Group 1 vs 2, 3.2±1.7vs 4.4±2.3, p¼0.256; Group 1 vs 3, 3.2±1.7 vs 3.8±2.8, p¼0.524; Group 1 vs 4, 3.2±1.7 vs 2.8±1.3,p¼0.717; Group 2 vs 3, 4.4±2.3, vs 3.8±2.8, p¼0.610; Group 2 vs 4, 4.4±2.3, vs 2.8±1.3, p¼0.124;Group 3 vs 4, 3.8±2.8, vs 2.8±1.3, p¼0.311).Conclusion:The local use of titanium microplates coated with zinc by PVD technique was found effectivefor fracture healing. Zinc coating of titanium microplates used in fracture treatment can acceleratefracture healing. It may be concluded that clinical studies should be performed now in order to explore ifcomparable results can be achieved in humans.Öğe The C-V characteristics of TiO2/p-Si/Ag, GNR doped TiO2/p-Si/Ag and MWCNT doped TiO2/p-Si/Ag heterojunction devices(Physical Society of the Republic of China, 2020) Erdal M.O.; Kocyigit A.; Yıldırım M.The TiO2/p-Si/Ag, graphene (GNR) doped TiO2/p-Si/Ag and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) doped TiO2/p-Si/Ag heterojunction devices were fabricated by electrospinning technique at same conditions. Their structural, morphological properties, thermal analyses (TGA), and capacitance voltage characteristics were studied and compared. The undoped, GNR and MWCNT doped TiO2 structures obtained successfully according to XRD measurements. Morphological properties of the undoped, GNR and MWCNT doped TiO2 composite structures have rod or ribbon like structures. The TGA result confirmed the GNR and MWCNT doped TiO2 structures. The C-V and G-V measurements were employed for electrical characterization of the TiO2/p-Si/Ag, GNR doped TiO2/p-Si/Ag and MWCNT doped TiO2/p-Si/Ag devices for various frequencies at room temperatures. The results imparted that the capacitance and conductance behaviors of all devices are strong functions of the frequency and voltage. The electrical parameters were calculated from C?2-V plots of the heterojunction devices and compared for three devices. The transient photocapacitance plots revealed that the devices can be employed for optical communication applications. © 2020 The Physical Society of the Republic of China (Taiwan)Öğe The effects of chrysin in an experimental model of acute pancreatitis(Edizioni Luigi Pozzi, 2020) Alptekin H.; Calisir A.; Özturk B.; Ugurlu C.; Yormaz S.; Ece I.PURPOSE: This experimental study was conducted to evaluate the possible effects of orally administered chrysin on acute pancreatitis. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Twenty four rats were procured. The animals were randomly divided into four groups. In Group I, only vehicle solution (5% dimethylsulfoksid) was administered, and in Group II, chrysin dissolved in the vehicle solution was administered for six days. In Group III and Group IV cerulein was administered to induce acute pancreatitis. In Group III, only vehicle solution was administered, and in Group IV, chrysin dissolved in the vehicle solution was administered orally for six days. Blood samples were analyzed and the pancreatic tissue specimens were evaluated for histopathological examination. RESULTS: Group III and Group IV, exhibited markedly higher levels of serum WBC, amylase, and lipase, compared with Groups I and II. In the pancreatitis induced groups, CRP and TOS values were found to be significantly higher. In Group II and Group IV, TAS values were significantly higher. The highest calculated OSI values were observed in Group III. Group IV OSI values were significantly lower than those in Group III and even in Group I. Noticeable histopathological changes were identified in the pancreatitis induced Groups III and IV. Compared with Group III, the extent and severity of pancreatic injuries were markedly lower in Group IV. CONCLUSION: Chrysin application reduced oxidative stress and histopathological parameters. The present study shows that chrysin can be used to treat pancreatic diseases. © 2020, Edizioni Luigi Pozzi. All rights reserved.Öğe Surrogate testes: Allogeneic spermatogonial stem cell transplantation within an encapsulation device may restore male fertility(Churchill Livingstone, 2020) Gül M.; Dong L.; Wang D.; Diri M.A.; Andersen C.Y.Toxic insult to the gonads by chemotherapy or radiotherapy can lead to permanent infertility. It's an important health concern because each year more than 4000 male patients are at risk of azoospermia in the United States due to gonadotoxicity of the regimens used. There are also several benign/genetic diseases whose natural course can result in infertility without gonadotoxic therapy. Considering the fact that most of these people are cured and survive with the advent of modern medicine, infertility is related to serious psychological and relationship implications and parenthood is a significant issue for those patients. Semen cryopreservation option is available for postpubertal adolescent and adult men, while children do not have this storing option since they do not have mature spermatozoa. However, their testes contain spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs), which are initiators of spermatogenesis. Promising findings in animal studies and human cell lines have encouraged scientists that SSCs may be hope for restoring fertility option of patients who cannot produce functional sperm and who have no other choice to preserve their future fertility. For this reason, several centers around the world already began to collect and cryopreserve testicular tissue or cells with anticipation that SSC-based therapies will be available in the near future; however, an optimal transplantation design in humans is yet to be developed. Here we propose an allogeneic testicular stem cell transplantation with an encapsulation device to restore fertility in patients with infertility. We endeavor to discuss the reliability of this method with the current literature and bring the evidence on its feasibility © 2020 Elsevier LtdÖğe Surface coating of magnetite nanoparticles with fluorescence derivative for the detection of mercury in water environments(Elsevier B.V., 2020) Oguz M.; Bhatti A.A.; Yilmaz M.In this study, we report synthesis of new fluorescent compound integrated with Fe3O4 nanoparticles for the detection of mercury ion (Hg2+) in aqueous environment. Fluorescent compound synthesized by reacting dansyl chloride with isonipecotic acid in one simple step reaction. The synthesized compound, dansyl-isonipecotic acid (DIA) was coated on Fe3O4 nanoparticles. Fe3O4-DIA nanoparticles have average size of 20 nm and pore size 0.3 nm as confirmed from Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). Fluorescence study shows the quenching in intensity after addition of Hg2+ ion in Fe3O4-DIA nanoparticles solution, which is due to energy transfer from excited state of ligand to low-lying empty d-orbital of Hg2+. The quenching effect was also confirmed from confocal microscope images of Fe3O4-DIA nanoparticles. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.Öğe Pulmonary Hypertension in Children with Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in the Konya Province of Turkey(Georg Thieme Verlag, 2020) Düzenli Kar Y.; Akln F.; Sert A.; Arslan Ş.Objective Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) are one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in childhood. Hypoxemia, pulmonary hypertension (PH) due to pulmonary vasoconstriction, and heart failure due to various causes are the most important risk factors for mortality in LRTI. The aim of this study was to investigate characteristics of the patients with LRTI and the frequency of PH that developed secondary to LRTI. Materials and Methods The study included 70 patients who were diagnosed as having LRTI clinically and radiologically between January 2012 and March 2013 at Department of Pediatrics, Konya Training and Research Hospital. Age, sex, risk factors for LRTI, symptoms and physical examination findings, laboratory tests, and Doppler echocardiography findings of the patients were retrospectively reviewed. Results Of the patients, 44 (62.9%) were male and 26 (37.1%) were female. Thirty-seven (52.9%) patients were younger than 1 year, and the mean age was 2.5 ± 3.11 years. The most common symptoms of the patients were cough and fever. Rhonchus, retraction, and crackles were found to be the most common findings in physical examinations. Heart failure was found in 10% of patients and PH was detected in 8.6% through Doppler echocardiography. Development of heart failure and the presence of bilateral patch infiltration on posteroanterior chest X-rays were significantly more frequent in patients with PH. Some 42.9% of patients had at least one viral agent in their nasopharyngeal swabs. The most common viral agents were respiratory syncytial virus and rhinoviruses. Conclusion PH may develop during the course of LRTI in children. Given that the development of PH can cause life-threatening complications such as heart failure, affected patients should be kept under close follow-up. It should be remembered that PH is more likely to develop in patients with bilateral patch infiltration on chest X-ray. © 2020 by Georg Thieme Verlag KG, Stuttgart. New York.Öğe Roll-to roll initiated chemical vapor deposition of super hydrophobic thin films on large-scale flexible substrates(Elsevier Ltd, 2020) Şakalak, H.; Yılmaz, K.; Gürsoy, M.; Karaman, M.In this study, a large-scale roll-to-roll initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD) system was developed to allow for coating superhydrophobic thin films on flexible substrates. Poly(hexafluorobutyl acrylate), which possesses a short fluorinated side-chain, was chosen as the hydrophobic finish material, while a commercial porous bamboo fabric was used as the flexible substrate. After iCVD coating, bamboo surface, which is superhydrophilic by its nature, transformed into a superhydrophobic with a water contact angle of 156° without changing its porous and flexible structure. Similar hydrophobic properties were observed against various daily liquids. Complete coverage of as-deposited films on both sides of bamboo surfaces was observed at very high roll speeds up to 225 mm/min, which allow coatings on 20 m2 flexible substrates in a single run. Large scale contact angle and chemical uniformity of coatings on fabric surfaces were evaluated using contact angle and XPS analyses. © 2019 Elsevier LtdÖğe Shear wave elastography evaluation of testes in patients with varicocele(Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2020) Erdoğan, Hasan; Durmaz, Mehmet Sedat; Arslan, Serdar; Gokgoz Durmaz, Funda; Cebeci, Hakan; Ergun, Osman; Soğukpınar Karaağaç, SedaWe aimed to determine histological damage in patients with varicocele by comparing the elasticity of their affected testes with that of their normal contralateral testes as well as normal testes of control subjects without varicocele using shear wave elastography (SWE). In total, 48 patients with varicocele (96 testes) and 52 control subjects (104 testes) were included in this study. Shear wave elastography values were measured in the longitudinal plane using an oval region of interest that covered as much of the testicular contours as possible. Fifty testes with varicocele were classified as group A, 46 normal contralateral testes of the same patients as group B, and 104 normal testes of control subjects as group C. The normal group C testes were randomly chosen from patients who had applied for ultrasonography for any reason and agreed to participate in the study. The testicular volume and SWE values were compared between these 3 groups. The average age of the patients was 28.45 years, and no significant difference in age was found between the 3 groups (P = 0.665). A significant difference in the testicular volume was found between groups A and C (P = 0.014). The SWE values were significantly higher in group A than in groups B and C (P < 0.001). No significant correlation was observed between the testicular volume and SWE values in any of the groups. Our results showed that SWE can be used as an effective technique to assess testicular stiffness in patients with varicocele to predict interstitial fibrosis and the severity of histological damage.Öğe Salivary Del-1, IL-17, and LFA-1 levels in periodontal health and disease(Blackwell Munksgaard, 2020) Inönü E.; Kayis S.A.; Eskan M.A.; Hakki S.S.Objective and Background: Developmental endothelial locus-1 (Del-1), lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1), and interleukin 17 (IL-17) play critical roles in transendothelial migration of neutrophils in periodontal diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate salivary Del-1, IL-17, and LFA-1 protein levels in patients with gingivitis (G), chronic periodontitis (CP), and generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAP). Methods: A total of 180 systemically healthy, non-smoking patients (45 periodontally healthy (H) and 45 G, 50 CP, and 40 GAP) individuals (between March 2014 and February 2016) were included in this study according to Armitage's (1999) classification. Clinical periodontal parameters, including clinical attachment level, probing depth, plaque index, and gingival index, were recorded. Del-1, IL-17, and LFA-1 protein expression levels were measured in unstimulated saliva samples collected from patients by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for multiple comparisons and post hoc statistical analyses, respectively. ROC curve analysis was used to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of Del-1, IL-17, and LFA-1 in distinguishing periodontal disease from health and gingivitis. Results: It was found a high level of IL-17 and a low level of Del-1 in the CP and GAP, as compared to the G and H groups (P <.001). Nevertheless, we found LFA-1 levels were higher in the GAP than in the CP or G groups (P =.00). Consistently, LFA-1 levels were lower in the H and G groups than in the CP and GAP groups (P =.00). The combination of three biomarkers was found as the best predictor yielded exhibited the highest AUC [0.893, 0.845-0.94 (%95 CI) P <.001] in discriminating periodontal disease from health and gingivitis. Conclusion: Salivary Del-1, LFA-1, and IL-17 levels might be useful markers for determining the clinical health and disease status of patients with periodontitis. However, further studies that evaluate the level of salivary Del-1, LFA-1, and IL-17 before and after periodontal therapy are required to understand the exact roles of these cytokines during the periodontal healing period. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons LtdÖğe Production and characterization of chitosan-fungal extract films(Elsevier Ltd, 2020) Koc B.; Akyuz L.; Cakmak Y.S.; Sargin I.; Salaberria A.M.; Labidi J.; Ilk S.A fungal extract obtained from an edible species (Tricholoma terreum) was used to produce chitosan-based films. Fungal extracts were analyzed using HPLC and chitosan-based films were characterized with FT-IR, SEM, DSC and TGA analysis. High phenolic content was found in the fungal extracts using HPLC. FT-IR results showed that fungal extracts were successfully added into the chitosan films. The addition of fungal extract increased elasticity, hydrophobicity and antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the chitosan films. Additionally, anti-quorum sensing and antimicrobial activities of chitosan-fungal extract films were found to be much higher than gentamicin (a commonly used antibiotic). However, incorporation of extracts into chitosan films decreased transparency and thermal stability. All these results suggested that chitosan-fungal extract films might be beneficially used to improve food packaging technology. © 2020 Elsevier LtdÖğe Properties of Some of Two-Variable Orthogonal Polynomials(Springer, 2020) Milovanovi? G.V.; Öztürk G.; Aktaş R.The present paper deals with various recurrence relations, generating functions and series expansion formulas for two families of orthogonal polynomials in two variables, given Laguerre–Laguerre Koornwinder polynomials and Laguerre–Jacobi Koornwinder polynomials in the limit cases. Several families of bilinear and bilateral generating functions are derived. Furthermore, some special cases of the results presented in this study are indicated. © 2019, Malaysian Mathematical Sciences Society and Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia.Öğe Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction activity comparable to 1-D nanofiber materials exhibited by the kesterite nanorods catalysts(Elsevier Ltd, 2020) Yanalak G.; Sarılmaz A.; Aslan E.; Ozel F.; Patir I.H.Copper-based earth-abundant chalcogenides (kesterite) such as Cu2CoSnS4 and Cu2NiSnS4 are important class due to their outstanding performance and earth-abundant composition. Here, we have successfully synthesized Cu2CoSnS4, Cu2NiSnS4 and Cu2ZnSnS4 nanorods by a hot-injection technique. The photocatalytic hydrogen production activities of rod-like Cu2XSnS4 (X = Co, Ni and Zn) catalysts have been investigated by using electron donor triethanolamine and photosensitizer eosin-Y under visible-light irradiation. The hydrogen evolution rates for the nanorods change in the order of Cu2NiSnS4> Cu2CoSnS4> Cu2ZnSnS4 (5117 ?molg?1h?1, 1342 ?molg?1h?1 and 719 ?molg?1h?1) respectively. The hydrogen evolution activities of Cu2XSnS4 nanorods have been compared to that of nanofiber and nanodot forms of Cu2XSnS4 catalysts. Cu2XSnS4 nanorods have been showed comparable photocatalytic activity for the hydrogen evolution compared with 1-D nanofiber Cu2XSnS4 catalysts. © 2020 Elsevier LtdÖğe Pharmacokinetics of danofloxacin in rainbow trout after different routes of administration(Elsevier B.V., 2020) Terzi E.; Corum O.; Bilen S.; Kenanoglu O.N.; Atik O.; Uney K.The pharmacokinetics of danofloxacin was studied in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) after single administration by intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM) and oral (OR) gavage at a dose of 10 mg/kg and by 10 mg/L bath for 2 h at 11.7 ± 0.8 °C. Furthermore, minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of danofloxacin against a pathogenic strain of Yersinia ruckeri, Pseudomonas spp., and Aeromonas hydrophila were determined. Plasma concentrations of danofloxacin were determined using high-performance liquid chromatograph - UV and further subjected to noncompartmental analysis. Elimination half-lives for IV, IM, OR and bath administration were 25.97 h, 42.43 h, 41.04 h and 40.41 h, respectively. Peak plasma concentrations (Cmax) for IM, OR and bath administration were 3.64 ± 0.12, 2.93 ± 0.23, and 0.36 ± 0.02 ?g/mL, respectively. Bioavailability was 105.87% (IM), 96.92% (OR) and 10.09% (bath). MIC values were 0.02 ?g/mL for Y. ruckeri, 3.2 ?g/mL for Pseudomonas spp., and 8 ?g/mL for A. hydrophila at 12 °C. Danofloxacin provides the desired AUC0 – 24/MIC (?125) and Cmax/MIC (?10) values for Y. ruckeri following administration at a dose of 10 mg/kg (L) from all routes administration, whereas inadequate for Pseudomonas spp. and A. hydrophila. This information may help in the use of danofloxacin in rainbow trout, but increasing doses pharmacokinetics with the residue depletion study and clinical studies in infected fish are needed. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.Öğe Modern and traditional extraction techniques affect chemical composition and bioactivity of Tanacetum parthenium (L.) Sch.Bip(Elsevier B.V., 2020) Zengin, Gökhan; Cvetanovi?, A.; Gaši?, U.; Stupar, A.; Bulut, G.; Şenkardeş, I.; Doğan, A.Tanacetum parthenium (L.) Sch.Bip (TP), a flowering plant, is famous in traditional medicine to prevent migraine and headache. However, there is currently a dearth of studies to advocate the phytochemical profile and biological propensities of extracts prepared from this plant. This study endeavors to highlight the biological potential of TP extracts prepared by modern (ultrasound-UAE, microwave-MAE and accelerated-ASE extractions) and traditional (maceration and Soxhlet) extraction techniques. The chemical profile of the extracts was established via ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) technique. Sixty different polyphenolic compounds belonging to the classes of phenolic acids, flavonoid glycosides and flavonoid aglycones were recorded in the extracts. Additionally, the quantity of 17 components was measured using appropriate standards and it was found that the modern extraction gave extracts with the higher content of observed compounds than the traditional techniques. Evaluation of antioxidant activity was determined in vitro via five standard assays. The inhibitory potential of TP extracts against key enzymes implicated in the non-communicable diseases such as diabetes (?-amylase and ?-glucosidase), neurodegenerative diseases (acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase) and skin diseases (tyrosinase), was assessed. Potent antioxidant ability of all TP extract was revealed with a predominance for the extracts yielded using the ASE method. This potent antioxidant activity of the extracts corroborated with the high phenolic (65.05 ± 0.27 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g extract) and flavonoid contents (55.40 ± 0.52 mg rutin equivalent (RE)/g extract). Tanacetum parthenium extracts also showed significant ?-glucosidase inhibitory activity (1.63–1.67 mmol acarbose equivalent (ACAE)/g extract) and moderate inhibition activity against ?-amylase (0.51-0.56 mmol ACAE/g extract). The extracts also showed potent activity against cholinesterases and tyrosinase. This study tend to validate the use of TP extracts obtained by novel extraction techniques such as ASE, as potent bioactive extracts to be further studied for therapeutic bio-product development. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.Öğe Knockout serum replacement is an efficient serum substitute for cryopreservation of human spermatozoa(Academic Press Inc., 2020) Taher-Mofrad S.M.J.; Topraggaleh T.R.; Ziarati N.; Bucak M.N.; Nouri M.; Seifi S.; Esmaeili V.The freeze-thaw procedure causes irreversible structural and functional changes in human spermatozoa. In order to decrease the detrimental effects of cryopreservation and improve the quality of post-thawed spermatozoa, the constituents of the freezing solution attracted considerable attention. In this study, for the first time, we evaluated the efficacy of knockout serum replacement (KSR) as a substitute for human serum albumin (HSA) for cryopreservation of human spermatozoa. Twenty semen samples were collected from normozoospermic men and divided them into five equal groups. One of the aliquots was diluted with glycerol-based medium as a control group (CON). The other four aliquots were diluted with the sucrose solution containing 5% HSA (H5), 10% HSA (H10), 5% KSR (K5), and 10% KSR (K10). The diluted samples were frozen and preserved in liquid nitrogen. Post thawed sperm parameters including motion characteristics, viability, membrane integrity, mitochondrial activity, acrosome integrity and DNA intactness in all of the sucrose-based groups were comparable with glycerol-based medium. The replacement of HSA by 10% KSR in the freezing medium resulted in significantly higher post-thawed viability, acrosome integrity and DNA intactness compared with other sucrose-based groups. In conclusion, the addition of 10% KSR to the sucrose-based freezing solution improves the quality of post-thawed human spermatozoa and may have potential to develop chemically defined freezing medium. © 2020 Elsevier Inc.Öğe Interface modification of DNTT-based organic field effect transistors using boronic acid derivatives(Institute of Physics Publishing, 2020) Alıç, Tuğbahan Yılmaz; Ablat, Abduleziz; Kyndiah, Adrica; Nicolas, Yohann; Can, Mustafa; Kuş, Mahmut; Abbas, MamatiminThe dielectric/semiconductor interface in organic field effect transistors (OFETs) is critical to their performance. Modification of this interface with functional molecules provides a wide range of possibilities for their applications as sensors. In this work, boronic acid molecules were used to modify the SiO2 dielectric surface in dinaphtho[2,3-b:2?,3?-f]thieno[3,2-b]thiophene based OFETs. The device parameters, including most notably the threshold voltage, were significantly improved. The dielectric/semiconductor interface was analyzed using various measurement techniques, such as contact angle and atomic force microscopy. Our work provides evidence that easily functionable boronic acid derivatives improve the device performance of OFETs, which lays the foundation for further studies of such interface modified OFETs for use in sensing applications. © 2019 IOP Publishing Ltd.Öğe Management of Systemic Hypersensitivity Reactions to Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Analogues during Treatment of Central Precocious Puberty(S. Karger AG, 2020) Kirkgoz T.; Karakoc-Aydiner E.; Bugrul F.; Yavas Abali Z.; Helvacioglu D.; Kiykim A.; Bilgic Eltan S.Background: Besides local reactions, systemic hypersensitivity reactions such as urticaria, anaphylaxis, serum sickness and Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) have been reported during gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogue treatment. Aim: To present the clinical presentation of 9 cases with systemic hypersensitivity reactions to GnRH analogues and discuss the management of such reactions based on our experience. Patients and Methods: Nine of 232 (3.8%) patients with central precocious puberty receiving GnRH analogue treatment had systemic hypersensitivity reactions in 4 years' period. Six patients had a type 1 hypersensitivity reaction (generalized hives, pruritus, and/or edema) to triptorelin acetate (TA), 2 patients to leuprolide acetate (LA), and 1 patient to both medications who also developed anaphylaxis to LA during intradermal test (IDT). Another patient on TA had skin lesions suggestive of HSP. GnRH analogue treatment was discontinued in 2 patients after discussion with the parents. Treatment was changed to another GnRH analogue preparation in 6 patients and was maintained with the same medication with antihistamines and corticosteroid premedication in 1 patient. None of the patients developed new reactions after these precautions. Conclusion: Systemic hypersensitivity reactions should be carefully evaluated and cross-reaction to the other GnRH analogues should be kept in mind. Discontinuation of GnRH analogue is always an option. However, if continuation of GnRH analogue is elected, we recommend switching to an alternative GnRH analogue, which should be considered only after a skin prick test (SPT) and IDT. In the lack of the possibility to perform SPT and IDT, injections may be administered under strict medical supervision in a well-equipped facility to manage anaphylaxis. We discuss additional options in situations where alternative GnRH analogues are unavailable, which enabled us to continue treatment in most cases without further problems. © 2020 © 2020 S. Karger AG, Basel.
