Sadrazam Damat Ferit Paşa’nın IV. Hükümeti Döneminde Kuvâ-yı Milliye İleri Gelenleri Hakkında Verilen İdam Kararları
Yükleniyor...
Dosyalar
Tarih
2008
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Selçuk Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Damat Ferit Paşa önceki dönemlerinde olduğu gibi IV. Sadaretinde de Kuvâ-yı Milliyecilerin tenkil edilmesi yönünde çalışmalar yürütmüştür. Öncesinde “İttihatçılık”, “Bolşeviklik”, “Yalancı Milliyetçilik”le itham ettiği Kuvâ-yı Milliyecileri, IV. Sadaretinde “Hükümetin Beyannamesi”, “Padişahın Hatt-ı Hümayunu” ve Şeyhülislam Dürrizâde Abdullah Efendi’ye çıkartmış olduğu “Fetvâ-yı Şerife” aracılığıyla etkisiz hale getirmeye çalışmıştır. Özellikle Dürrizâde’nin çıkardığı Fetvâ-yı Şerife aracılığıyla Mustafa Kemal Paşa ve arkadaşları; “dinsizlik”, “devlete ve millete düşmanlık”la suçlanmış, nihayetinde de öldürülmelerinin “farz” olduğu Anadolu insanına duyurulmuştur. Böylelikle halkın dinî duyguları siyasî hesaplar uğruna kullanılmaya çalışılmıştır. Damat Ferit Paşa bütün çabalarına rağmen üstesinden gelemediği Kuvâ-yı Milliye Hareketi’ni bu sefer hukukî yönden mahkûm etme yolunda çalışmalara girişmiştir. Öncelikle 1. Divân-ı Harbi Örfi’nin başına Nemrut Mustafa Paşa’yı getirmiş ve Kuvâ-yı Milliye Hareketi’nin lider kadrosu hakkında yargılama sürecini başlatmıştır. İlk olarak Mustafa Kemal Paşa ve arkadaşları gıyaben yargılanmışlar ve “Mülkiye Ceza Kanunname-i Hümayunu” gereğince “idamlarına” karar verilmiştir. Ardından Fevzi Paşa, onun ardından da aralarında İsmet Bey, Rıza Nur ve Hamdullah Suphi gibi önemli simalarında bulunduğu 17 kişi yargılanmış ve “idama” mahkûm edilmişlerdir. Böylelikle Büyük Millet Meclisi’nin ilk İcra Vekilleri Heyeti üyeleri, başkanı Mustafa Kemal Paşa da dâhil olmak üzere 1. Divân-ı Harbi Örfi tarafından idama mahkûm edilmiştir. Mustafa Kemal Paşa ve arkadaşlarının haricinde daha pek çok kişi Kuvâ-yı Milliye’ye mensubiyetleri dolayısıyla Divân-ı Harbi Örfice çeşitli cezalara çarptırılmıştır. Nihayetinde de Damat Ferit Paşa’nın “idam kararı” verme girişimleri başarılı olamamış, amacına ulaşamamıştır.
Damat Ferit Pasa carried out various actions on his fourth vizierate to intimidate the Nationalist Forces as he did before. In his fourth vizierate, he tried to neutralize the Nationalist Forces that before he accused being the member of Union and Progress Party, Bolshevist and false nationalist, by “Government Declaration”, “ the Padisah’s Decision” and “the Fatwa” of Sheikh al-Islam Dürrizade Abdullah Efendi. Especially by the “Fatwa” of Dürrizade, Mustafa Kemal Pasa and his friends were accused of “irreligiousness” and “enmity to the state and people and finally, It is announced to Anatolia that their killing is the religious duty. In this way, the religious sense of the public is tried to be used for their political benefit. Damat Ferit Pasa tried to convict the Nationalist Force Movement legally that he couldn’t cope with despite all his efforts. First of all, Nemrut Mustafa Pasa was assigned to the head of the 1st Marital Law Court and then the judicial process against the leading staff of the Nationalist Forces was stared. At first, Mustafa Kemal and his friends were judged by the name and they are sentenced to death according to the Civil Service Law. Afterwards, 17 people including Fevzi Pasa, İsmet Bey, Rıza Nur and Hamdullah Suphi were sentenced to death. In this way, Mustafa Kemal Pasa who was the chairman, and the members of the Cabinet of the Great National Assembly were sentenced to death by the 1st Marital Law Court. Many people beside Mustafa Kemal and his friends, were sentenced because of being the Member of the Nationalist Forces by the Marital Law Court. As a result, the attempt of giving “death sentences” were not succeeded or reached its goal.
Damat Ferit Pasa carried out various actions on his fourth vizierate to intimidate the Nationalist Forces as he did before. In his fourth vizierate, he tried to neutralize the Nationalist Forces that before he accused being the member of Union and Progress Party, Bolshevist and false nationalist, by “Government Declaration”, “ the Padisah’s Decision” and “the Fatwa” of Sheikh al-Islam Dürrizade Abdullah Efendi. Especially by the “Fatwa” of Dürrizade, Mustafa Kemal Pasa and his friends were accused of “irreligiousness” and “enmity to the state and people and finally, It is announced to Anatolia that their killing is the religious duty. In this way, the religious sense of the public is tried to be used for their political benefit. Damat Ferit Pasa tried to convict the Nationalist Force Movement legally that he couldn’t cope with despite all his efforts. First of all, Nemrut Mustafa Pasa was assigned to the head of the 1st Marital Law Court and then the judicial process against the leading staff of the Nationalist Forces was stared. At first, Mustafa Kemal and his friends were judged by the name and they are sentenced to death according to the Civil Service Law. Afterwards, 17 people including Fevzi Pasa, İsmet Bey, Rıza Nur and Hamdullah Suphi were sentenced to death. In this way, Mustafa Kemal Pasa who was the chairman, and the members of the Cabinet of the Great National Assembly were sentenced to death by the 1st Marital Law Court. Many people beside Mustafa Kemal and his friends, were sentenced because of being the Member of the Nationalist Forces by the Marital Law Court. As a result, the attempt of giving “death sentences” were not succeeded or reached its goal.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kuvâ-yı Milliye Önderleri, Divân-ı Harbi Örfi, İdam, Mustafa Kemal, Damat Ferit Paşa Hükümeti, Leaders of the Nationalist Forces, Marital Law Court, Execution, Mustafa Kemal Pasa, Damat Ferit Pasa Government
Kaynak
Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
20
Künye
Akandere, O., (2008). Sadrazam Damat Ferit Paşa’nın IV. Hükümeti Döneminde Kuvâ-yı Milliye İleri Gelenleri Hakkında Verilen İdam Kararları. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 20, 11-40.
