Türkiye'nin siyasal ortamında özerklik kavramı ve TRT kurumunun özerklik dönemi (1964-1972)
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Date
2001
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Selçuk Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Abstract
1920'li yıllardan itibaren dünya ve Türkiye yeni bir kitle iletişim aracıyla tanışmıştır. Yeni olduğu kadar etkili ve güçlü olan bu kitle iletişim aracı radyodur. Özellikle II. Dünya Savaşı'nda etkisini ve gücünü ortaya koyan radyo, herkesin olduğu gibi siyasal iktidarların, baskı gruplarının vs. ilgi odağı olmuştur. Türkiye, bu etkili kitle iletişim aracını kullanmaya başlamak konusunda, öncü ülkelere oranla çok geç kalmamıştır. 1927 yılından itibaren ülkemizde de radyo yayını yapılmaya başlanmıştır. Türkiye'nin siyasal ortamında radyo daima önemli bir rol oynamış, özellikle, çok partili hayata geçiş döneminde, üzerinde çok büyük tartışmalar yaşanmıştır. 27 Mayıs 1960 Devrimi'nin ardından hazırlanan 1961 Anayasası ile bazı kurumlara özerklik tanınmış, böylece siyasal iktidarların etki ve baskısından uzak tutulmaya çalışılmıştır. Özerklik verilen kurumlardan birisi de TRT Kurumu olmuştur. Özerk TRT Kurumu 1964 yılında faaliyetlerine başlamış, özerkliğini fiilen 12 Mart 1971 muhtırasına kadar, yasal olarak da Şubat 1972 yılına kadar sürdürmüştür. Bu dönem, Türkiye'nin siyasal ortamıyla birlikte, TRT'nin gelişimi bakımdan çok özel bir öneme sahiptir. Bu çalışmada, özerk TRT kurumunun, 7 yıl boyunca ortaya koyduğu gelişme ele alınmış, Türkiye'nin bu dönemdeki siyasal ortamı da göz önünde tutularak, TRT'nin özerkliği konusunda yaşanan tartışmalar incelenmiştir. Siyasi partilerin, ulusal gazetelerin tutumlarının yanı sıra, TRT'nin kendi iç tutumu da incelenerek, TRT'nin yıpranma ve özerkliğinin kaldırılma sürecinde yaşananlar ortaya konulmuştur.
World and Turkiye met a new mass communication tool in 1920's. This new and also powerful tool was radio. Especially during World War II radio showed its effects and power, and so, it became the focus of interests of parties-in-power, compression groups etc. Turkiye was not so late to start to use this mass communicaton tool as compared to countries which used it primari-ly. Since 1927, radio have been listened in our country. Radio has always have an important role in political state of Turkiye. Especially during the passage to multi-political parties life there was great arguments on radio. After the revolution in May 27, 1960, a new constitution was prepared in 1961, with which, autonomy was giyen to some organizations. By this autono-my, those organizations were tried to be kept from the pressure of parties-in-power. TRT was one of these organizations. Autonom TRT organization started to work in 1964 and had its autonomy until the memorandum on March 12, 1971, in application. But legally, its autonomy continued until February 1972. This period has an important role, together with Turkiye's politi-cal state, for the development of TRT. In this study the development of autonom TRT during this seven years was followed, and also by considering the political state of Turkiye during this peri-od, the discusions about the autonomy of TRT were examined. Besides the behaviors of political parties and national newspapers, the internal behavior of TRT was also examined, and so, the deformation and completion of autonomy stages were stated by this study.
World and Turkiye met a new mass communication tool in 1920's. This new and also powerful tool was radio. Especially during World War II radio showed its effects and power, and so, it became the focus of interests of parties-in-power, compression groups etc. Turkiye was not so late to start to use this mass communicaton tool as compared to countries which used it primari-ly. Since 1927, radio have been listened in our country. Radio has always have an important role in political state of Turkiye. Especially during the passage to multi-political parties life there was great arguments on radio. After the revolution in May 27, 1960, a new constitution was prepared in 1961, with which, autonomy was giyen to some organizations. By this autono-my, those organizations were tried to be kept from the pressure of parties-in-power. TRT was one of these organizations. Autonom TRT organization started to work in 1964 and had its autonomy until the memorandum on March 12, 1971, in application. But legally, its autonomy continued until February 1972. This period has an important role, together with Turkiye's politi-cal state, for the development of TRT. In this study the development of autonom TRT during this seven years was followed, and also by considering the political state of Turkiye during this peri-od, the discusions about the autonomy of TRT were examined. Besides the behaviors of political parties and national newspapers, the internal behavior of TRT was also examined, and so, the deformation and completion of autonomy stages were stated by this study.
Description
Url: http://josc.selcuk.edu.tr/article/view/1075000437
Keywords
Özerklik, TRT, Tarafsızlık, Autonomy, Neutrality
Journal or Series
Selçuk İletişim
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Volume
2
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Citation
Serarslan, M. (2001). Türkiye'nin siyasal ortamında özerklik kavramı ve TRT kurumunun özerklik dönemi (1964-1972). Selçuk İletişim, 2, (1), 65-81.
