Girişimci Dostu Üniversiteler İndeksi ve Bir Model Geliştirilmesi
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Tarih
2018
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Selçuk Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Neo-liberal eğitim anlayışının üniversiteleri öğrenci odaklı, küresel kalkınmaya uygun eğitimi amaçlayan, girişimci ve yaratıcı insan kaynağı üreten ve buna uygun eğitim programları geliştiren birer kuruma dönüştürdüğü gözlenmektedir. Bu bağlamda üniversitelerin girişimci bir yapıya sahip olup olmadığı yönünden ölçümler yapıldığı da dikkat çekmektedir. Bu ölçümlerin birçok amacı bulunmakla birlikte, öncelikle tüm paydaşların beklentilerini karşılayan rekabetçi, girişimci ve yenilikçi bir üniversite yönetişim sistemi kurularak bu sistemin geliştirilmesini sağlamaktır. Buna paralel olarak yine tüm paydaşların beklentilerini karşılayacak ve bu sistemin geliştirilmesine katkı verecek Girişimci ve Yenilikçi Üniversite İndeksleri oluşturma çabaları da artış eğilimindedir. Üniversite girişimciliğinin ölçümlenmesinin yararlılığı konusunda genel olarak uzlaşı bulunduğu söylenebilir. Bu amaçla Türkiye’de sadece TÜBİTAK tarafından geliştirilen ve yürütülen Girişimci ve Yenilikçi Üniversite İndeksi olarak adlandırılan bir adet İndeks 2012 yılından bu yana kullanılmaktadır. Bu konuda farklı ölçüm araçlarının olması bilimsel olarak yararlı olacaktır. Bu düşünceden hareketle bu araştırmanın amacı, Üniversite girişimciliği konusunda yeni bir indeks geliştirmektir. Ölçek geliştirme aşamasında literatürde yer alan üç fazlı on adımlı yaklaşım benimsenmiştir. Ölçekte yer alabilecek ifadeler literatür ve uzman görüşleri doğrultusunda oluşturulmuştur. Bu aşamada 53 maddelik taslak bir form elde edilmiştir. Bu taslak indeks, alandan uzmanlara gönderilerek uzman görüşü istenmiştir. Elde edilen uzman görüşleri sonrasında Kapsam Geçerlik İndeksi (KGİ) çalışması yapılmış ve 50 maddenin aday ölçekte kaldığı tespit edilmiştir. Yapı geçerliği açısından Faktör analizi öncesinde Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin katsayısı ve Bartlett testi yapılmış ve Bartlett testi sonucu (P<.000) ve KMO değeri .914 çıkmıştır. Aday ölçek açımlayıcı faktör analizine tabii tutulmuş ve Varimaks döndürme tekniği ile yapılan AFA sonucunda ortaya 47 maddeli beş faktörlü bir yapı ortaya çıkmıştır. Ortaya çıkan ölçek varyansı % 73,875 oranında ölçmektedir. Ölçek ifadelerinin madde faktör yükleri en düşük .46 ve en yüksek .87 değerlerini almıştır.Ölçeğin bütününe ilişkin Chornbach Alfa değeri .986, olarak ölçülmüştür. Boyutlara ilişkin Chornbach Alfa değerleri ise .983 ile .830 arasında değişmektedir. Sonuç olarak ortaya çıkan ölçeğin geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu belirlenmiştir.
It is observed that the understanding of neo-liberal education has transformed universities into student centered institutions aiming for an education consistent with global development, generating an entrepreneurial and creative human resource and accordingly developing consistent education programs. In this context, it attracts attention that measurements are conducted to determine whether universities have an entrepreneurial structure. Although these measurements have various objectives, the primary aim is to constitute a competitive, entrepreneurial and innovative university governance system that meets the expectations of all stakeholders and to maintain the development of this system. Correspondingly, efforts for creating Entrepreneurial and Innovative University Indexes that will meet the expectations of all stakeholders and contribute to the development of this system have been on the rise. It can be said that there is a general consensus regarding the effectiveness of measuring university entrepreneurship. In Turkey, only one index named as the Entrepreneurial and Innovative University Index developed and implemented by TUBITAK for this purpose has been used since 2012. The presence of different measurement tools in this regard would be scientifically useful. Based on this thought, the aim of the present study is to develop a new index regarding university entrepreneurship. At the scale development stage, the three-phase and ten-step approach existing in the literature was adopted. The statements that were considered to be included in the scale were created in accordance with the literature and the opinions of experts. At this stage, a draft form consisting of 53 items was obtained. This draft index was sent to experts from the field and their opinions were asked. After obtaining the expert opinions, a Content Validity Index (CVI) study was conducted and 50 items were found to be left on the candidate scale. For construct validity, the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin coefficient and the Bartlett tests were performed before the factor analysis, and the result of the Bartlett test was (P<.000) and the KMO value was found as .914. The candidate scale was subjected to an exploratory factor analysis and a structure composed of 47 items and 5 factors was obtained as the result of the EFA conducted using Varimax rotation. The created scale explained the 73.875% of the total variance. For the statements on the scale, the lowest item factor load was .46 and the highest item factor load was .87. The Cronbach's Alpha value of the entire scale was measured as .986. The Cronbach's Alpha values for the dimensions varied between .983 and .830. In conclusion, it was determined that the scale was a valid and reliable measurement tool.
It is observed that the understanding of neo-liberal education has transformed universities into student centered institutions aiming for an education consistent with global development, generating an entrepreneurial and creative human resource and accordingly developing consistent education programs. In this context, it attracts attention that measurements are conducted to determine whether universities have an entrepreneurial structure. Although these measurements have various objectives, the primary aim is to constitute a competitive, entrepreneurial and innovative university governance system that meets the expectations of all stakeholders and to maintain the development of this system. Correspondingly, efforts for creating Entrepreneurial and Innovative University Indexes that will meet the expectations of all stakeholders and contribute to the development of this system have been on the rise. It can be said that there is a general consensus regarding the effectiveness of measuring university entrepreneurship. In Turkey, only one index named as the Entrepreneurial and Innovative University Index developed and implemented by TUBITAK for this purpose has been used since 2012. The presence of different measurement tools in this regard would be scientifically useful. Based on this thought, the aim of the present study is to develop a new index regarding university entrepreneurship. At the scale development stage, the three-phase and ten-step approach existing in the literature was adopted. The statements that were considered to be included in the scale were created in accordance with the literature and the opinions of experts. At this stage, a draft form consisting of 53 items was obtained. This draft index was sent to experts from the field and their opinions were asked. After obtaining the expert opinions, a Content Validity Index (CVI) study was conducted and 50 items were found to be left on the candidate scale. For construct validity, the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin coefficient and the Bartlett tests were performed before the factor analysis, and the result of the Bartlett test was (P<.000) and the KMO value was found as .914. The candidate scale was subjected to an exploratory factor analysis and a structure composed of 47 items and 5 factors was obtained as the result of the EFA conducted using Varimax rotation. The created scale explained the 73.875% of the total variance. For the statements on the scale, the lowest item factor load was .46 and the highest item factor load was .87. The Cronbach's Alpha value of the entire scale was measured as .986. The Cronbach's Alpha values for the dimensions varied between .983 and .830. In conclusion, it was determined that the scale was a valid and reliable measurement tool.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Girişimcilik, Üniversite Girişimciliği, Girişimci Dostu Üniversiteler, Ölçek Geliştirme Çalışması, Entrepreneurship, University Entrepreneurship, Entrepreneur-friendly Universities, Scale Development Study
Kaynak
Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
39
Künye
Geçkil, T., Koyuncuoğlu, Ö., Tekin, M., Tekin, E., (2018). Girişimci Dostu Üniversiteler İndeksi ve Bir Model Geliştirilmesi. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 39, 138-150.
