Kambiyo Senetlerinde Geçersizlik Def’ileri
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2008 Haziran
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Selçuk Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Kambiyo senetlerinde def‟i kavramı, itirazı da kapsayan geniş bir
manada kullanılmaktadır. Türk Ticaret Kanunu‟ndaki düzenlemeler
incelendiğinde def‟ilerin; senedin hükümsüzlüğüne ilişkin defiler, senet
metninden anlaşılan defiler ve şahsi defiler şeklinde üçlü bir ayırıma tabi
tutulduğu söylenebilir. Türk Ticaret Kanunu‟nda senedin hükümsüzlüğüne
iliĢkin def‟iler Ģeklinde ifade edile def‟iler, geçersizlik def‟ileridir.
Geçersizlik def‟ileri kambiyo senetlerine iliĢkin mutlak def‟i-nispi def‟i
ayırımı içerisinde mutlak def‟iler içerisinde yer alırlar. Bu nedenle geçersizlik
def‟ileri senedin her alacaklısına karşı ileri sürülebilirler. Geçersizlik
def‟ilerinde kambiyo senediyle taahhüt altına giren kişinin taahhüdünü etkileyen
bir durum söz konusu olduğundan bu def‟ilerin senet metninden anlaşılmaları
mümkün değildir.
Kambiyo senediyle taahhüt altına giren kişinin ehliyetsizliği, imzasının
sahte olması, yetkisiz olarak temsil edilmesi veya taraflar arasında kambiyo
sözleşmesinin bulunmaması halinde geçersizlik def‟ileri söz konusu olur. Aynı
şekilde kambiyo taahhüdünde bulunan kişinin iradesinin hile veya tehdit
neticesinde sakatlandığı hallerde de geçersizlik def‟ilerinden söz edilir. Buna
karşılık iradenin hata veya gabin neticesinde sakatlanması halinde ileri sürülecek
def‟iler, geçersizlik def‟i olarak kabul edilmektedir. Bu nedenle iradenin gabin
veya hata ile sakatlandığı hallerde bu durumun geçersizlik def‟ilerinin aksine
iyiniyetli üçüncü kişilere karşı ileri sürülmesi mümkün değildir.
The concept of annulment in bills of exchange is used in a larger sense to include objection. When regulations in Turkish Trade Law are examined, it can be said that annulments are classified as annulments regarding invalidity of bills, annulments understood from the text of the bill and personal annulments. Annulments termed in Turkish Trade Law as annulments indicating invalidity of the bill are invalidity annulments. Invalidity annulments are included in the absolute annulments in the distinction between absolute annulment and relative annulment in regard to bills of Exchange. Therefore, invalidity annulments can be held forth for each creditor of the bill. In invalidity annulments, since there is a situation affecting the commitment of the person who made a commitment with the bill of Exchange, it is impossible to understand these annulments from the text of the bill. Invalidity annulments are in question in cases where the person who made a commitment with the bill of Exchange is incompetent (unlicenced), the signature is forged, unlicenced representation occurs or there is no exchange agreement between the parties. Likewise, invalidity annulments are in question in cases where the volition of the person who made the exchange commitment is disabled. In contrast, the annulments which will be held forth if the volition is disabled as a result of an error or lesion are considered invalidity annulments. Therefore, in cases where the volition is disabled due to lesion or error, it is impossible to hold forth this case against good-willed third parties in contrast to invalidity annulments.
The concept of annulment in bills of exchange is used in a larger sense to include objection. When regulations in Turkish Trade Law are examined, it can be said that annulments are classified as annulments regarding invalidity of bills, annulments understood from the text of the bill and personal annulments. Annulments termed in Turkish Trade Law as annulments indicating invalidity of the bill are invalidity annulments. Invalidity annulments are included in the absolute annulments in the distinction between absolute annulment and relative annulment in regard to bills of Exchange. Therefore, invalidity annulments can be held forth for each creditor of the bill. In invalidity annulments, since there is a situation affecting the commitment of the person who made a commitment with the bill of Exchange, it is impossible to understand these annulments from the text of the bill. Invalidity annulments are in question in cases where the person who made a commitment with the bill of Exchange is incompetent (unlicenced), the signature is forged, unlicenced representation occurs or there is no exchange agreement between the parties. Likewise, invalidity annulments are in question in cases where the volition of the person who made the exchange commitment is disabled. In contrast, the annulments which will be held forth if the volition is disabled as a result of an error or lesion are considered invalidity annulments. Therefore, in cases where the volition is disabled due to lesion or error, it is impossible to hold forth this case against good-willed third parties in contrast to invalidity annulments.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Def‟i, Geçersizlik Def‟ileri, Mutlak Def‟iler, İsnat Def‟ileri, Ehliyetsizlik, Sahte İmza, Yetkisiz Temsil, Kambiyo Sözleşmesinin Bulunmaması, Annulment, Invalidity Annulments, Absolute Annulments, Attribution Annulments, Disability, Forged Signature, Unlicenced Representation, Lack of Exchange Agreement
Kaynak
Selçuk Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
16
Sayı
1
Künye
Arslan, İ., (2008). Kambiyo Senetlerinde Geçersizlik Def’ileri. Selçuk Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(1), 11-28.
