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Circulating leptin, zinc, and copper levels after extracorporeal circulation
(MAGHIRA & MAAS PUBLICATIONS, 2005) Gormus, ZI; Gormus, N; Baltaci, AK; Halifeoglu, I; Mogulkoc, R
OBJECTIVE: The role of leptin in the acute stress response to extracorporeal circulation has been well documented, however, the relationship between leptin and zinc has not been investigated previously. We aimed to research the circulating leptin, zinc, and copper levels before, during, and after the extracorporeal circulation, and effect of preoperative zinc administration to these. METHODS: Twenty patients who were taken to elective coronary artery bypass grafting operations using extracorporeal circulation were taken to this research and divided into two equal groups (n(1), n(2)). In both groups blood samples were taken just before the operation (T0), at the end of operation (T1), and at the first postoperative day (T2). In the second group (n(2)) oral zinc (50 mg, once a day) was administered to patients for 5 days, preoperatively. The serum leptin, zinc, and copper levels were studied. RESULTS: In group n(1) circulating leptin levels were significantly increased at T2 when compared to T0 and T1 (p < 0.05); zinc levels were decreased at T2 when compared to T0 and T1 (p < 0.05); copper levels were decreased at T2 when compared to T0 (p < 0.05), and decreased at T1 when compared to T0 (p < 0.05). In group n(2) circulating leptin levels were significantly increased at T2 when compared to T0 and T1 (p < 0.05); zinc levels were decreased at T2 when compared to T0 and T1 (p < 0.05); copper levels were increased at T2 when compared to T1 (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that circulating leptin levels increase after the extracorporeal circulation as an acute response, while zinc and copper levels decrease at the same period. Preoperative zinc administration does not prevent the leptin response after extracorporeal circulation.
The effect of pinealectomy and zinc deficiency on nitric oxide levels in rats with induced Toxoplasma gondii infection
(E M H SWISS MEDICAL PUBLISHERS LTD, 2004) Baltaci, AK; Mogulkoc, R; Turkoz, Y; Bediz, CS; Ozugurlu, F
Principles: This study aims at investigating how zinc deficiency and pinealectomy affect nitric oxide levels in rats infected by Toxoplasma gondii. Methods: The study was conducted on a total of 50 adult, male rats of Spraque-Dawley species. The study groups were as follows: General, intact control group (Group I, n = 10), infected control group (Group II, n = 10), infected and zinc-deficient group (Group III, n = 10), infected and pincalectomized group (Group IV, n = 10), infected, zinc-deficient and pinealectomized group (Group V, n = 10). After the experiment the rats were decapitated and levels of zinc, melatonin and total nitrite were identified in the blood samples collected. Results: The total nitrite levels in groups TV and V were more than those in all other groups (p <0.01). The total nitrite levels in Group II were also higher than those in Groups I and III (p <0.01). Plasma zinc levels in the zinc-deficient group and zinc-deficient and pinealectomized group were lower than those in all other groups, while melatonin levels were lower in Infected pinealectomized group (Group IV) and infected, zinc-deficient and pinealectomized group (Group V) than all others (p <0.01). Conclusions: The present study shows that plasma nitric oxide levels increase during Toxoplasma gondii infection, but this increase becomes more apparent in the presence of melatonin deficiency and is inhibited by zinc deficiency.
Effect of zinc deficiency and supplementation on lipid peroxidation of renal tissue in ovariectomized rats
(HUMANA PRESS INC, 2004) Baltaci, AK; Sunar, F; Mogulkoc, R; Oztekin, E
The aim of this study was to investigate how zinc deficiency and supplementation affects lipid peroxidation in the renal tissue in ovariectomized rats. Four study groups were formed with 10 Spraque-Dawley rats each. Two of the groups served as normal and ovariectomized controls; the other two were ovariectomized rats that were zinc deficient and zinc supplemented, respectively. The zinc-deficient ovariectomized rats showed greater renal and plasma lipid peroxidation, as indicated by higher malondialdehyde levels than all other groups (p<0.05). These values were higher in the ovariectomized controls than those of the normal controls and of the ovariectomized, zinc-supplemented groups (p<0.05), which, in, turn, showed no significant differences of their respective renal and plasma malondialdehyde values. The renal and erythrocyte glutathione levels in the zinc-supplemented rats were higher than those in all other groups (p<0.05). The zinc-deficient group had the lowest renal and erythrocyte glutathione levels (p<0.05). The renal tissue zinc levels in the ovariectomized rats were higher than those in the zinc-deficient animals, but lower than in the normal controls and zinc-supplemented rats (p<0.05). The zinc-supplemented animals had the highest renal tissue zinc levels (p<0.05). The results of this study suggest that zinc deficiency increases renal tissue damage in ovariectomized rats and that zinc supplementation can be used to prevent this condition.
Effects of zinc deficiency and pinealectomy on cellular immunity in rats infected with Toxoplasma gondii
(HUMANA PRESS INC, 2005) Baltaci, AK; Mogulkoc, R; Bediz, CS; Pekel, A
The effects of zinc and/or melatonin deficiencies on cellular immunity were investigated in rats infected with Toxoplasma gondii. A total of 50 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 5 groups of 10 rats each. In group 1, the rats were infected with T gondii and fed a zinc-deficient diet; in group 11, the rats were infected and their pineal gland was surgically removed. Group III included rats that were infected, pinealectomized, and fed a zinc-deficient diet. Group IV consisted of T gondii-infested rats that received no treatment of any kind, and group V were normal controls. After 3 wk of treatment, all rats were sacrificed and the percentages of CD3, CD4, and CD8 lymphocytes, zinc, and melatonin levels in plasma and the percentage of lymphocyte in blood smears were analyzed. The CD3 ratios of groups I-III were significantly lower than those of groups IV and V (p<0.01). The CD4 lymphocytes were significantly higher in group TV than that in all other groups (p<0.05). In group IV, the CD8 lymphocytes were higher than in groups I-III (p<0.01) and those in group V were higher than for groups I and III (p<0.01). Lymphocyte incidence in group IV was higher than in the other four groups (p<0.01). The plasma zinc and plasma melatonin levels in groups I-III were significantly lower than those in the controls (p<0.01, both cases). These results suggest that zinc and/or melatonin deficiency have a negative influence on cellular immunity in rats with toxoplasmosis.
The effects of zinc deficiency and supplementation on lipid peroxidation in bone tissue of ovariectomized rats
(ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD, 2004) Baltaci, AK; Sunar, F; Mogulkoc, R; Oztekin, E
This study aims at investigating how zinc deficiency and zinc application affect lipid peroxidation in bone tissue of ovariectomized rats. The study included 40 adult female rats of Sprague-Dawley species. Group 1 (n = 10): control group were fed with normal diet. Group 2 (n = 10): the group fed with normal diet after being ovariectomized. Group 3 (n = 10): the group fed with zinc-deficient diet for 6 weeks after ovariectomy. Group 4 (n = 10): the group which was given intraperitoneal zinc (3 mg/kg day zinc) in addition to normal diet for 6 weeks after ovariectomy. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels were determined in erythrocyte, plasma and bone tissue. Group 3 had the highest plasma MDA levels compared to Groups 1, 2 and 4 (P < 0.05). These values were higher in Group 2 than in Groups 1 and 4 (P < 0.05). Bone and plasma MDA levels in Groups I and 4 were not different. Bone and erythrocyte GSH levels in Group 4 were higher than those in all other groups (P < 0.05). The lowest levels of bone and erythrocyte GSH levels were observed in Group 3 (P < 0.05). These values were higher in Group 2 when compared to those in Groups I and 3 (P < 0.05). This study demonstrate that zinc deficiency increased bone tissue damage in ovariectomized rats and that zinc supplementation prevented this damage. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
Effects of zinc deficiency and supplementation on plasma leptin levels in rats
(HUMANA PRESS INC, 2005) Baltaci, AK; Mogulkoc, R; Halifeoglu, I
The effects of zinc deficiency and supplementation on plasma leptin levels were studied in Sprague-Dawley rats. After 6 wk on a zinc-deficient diet containing 0.65 ppm Zn/g, the mean body weight was significantly lower than that of normal or zinc-supplemented rats, which showed no difference among them. The plasma leptin and zinc levels were lowest in zinc-deficient animals and highest in those that received a normal diet and daily intraperitioneal injections of 3 mg Zn/kg. These results indicate that zinc deficiency leads to a significant inhibition in plasma leptin levels, whereas zinc supplementation significantly increases plasma leptin.
The effects of zinc deficiency and testosterone supplementation on leptin levels in castrated rats and their relation with LH, FSH and testosterone
(MAGHIRA & MAAS PUBLICATIONS, 2005) Ozturk, A; Baltaci, AK; Mogulkoc, R; Oztekin, E; Kul, A
AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate how zinc-deficiency and testosterone supplementation, both in combination and individually, affect plasma LH, FSH and leptin levels in castrated rats. DESIGN: Group 1, Control Group. Group 2, Castration Group. Group 3, Testosterone Group. Group 4, Zinc-deficient Group. Group 5, Testosterone, Zinc-deficient Group. Group 6, Zinc-deficient, Castration Group. Group 7, Testosterone, Castration Group. Group 8, Zinc-deficient, Testosterone, Castration Group. MEASUREMENTS: Plasma zinc, leptin, LH, FSH, free and total testosterone levels were measured. RESULTS: Group 2 had the highest levels of leptin and LH, besides having the highest FSH levels together with Group 6 (p < 0.01). Groups 5 and 8 had the lowest leptin levels (p < 0.01). Leptin levels in Groups 4 and 7 were higher than those in Groups 5 and 8, but lower than those in all other groups (p < 0.01). LH levels in Group 4 were not different than those in Groups 3, 5 and 8, but significantly lower than those in all other groups (p < 0.01). Free and total testosterone levels were higher in Group 4 than in castration groups that were not supplemented testosterone, but were lower in the former than in all others (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Plasma LH may be more effective than testosterone on plasma leptin and zinc can be an important mediator of the effect LH exercises on leptin.
Histological examination of various tissues in rats with hypothyroidism induced by propylthiouracil or thyroidectomy
(LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, 1999) Mogulkoc, R; Canpolat, L; Baltaci, AK; Yilmaz, B; Kelestimur, H
Despite the common use of propylthiouracil (PTU) to induce hypothyroidism, it causes degeneration of the thyroid gland, kidney and anterior pituitary tissue. The aim of our study was to determine changes in the liver, thyroid gland, kidney and anterior pituitary from male rats treated with PTU (10 mg/kg/day; for 2 weeks) and in thyroidectomy-induced hypothyroid male rats. Histological examination was performed by light microscopy. Total T3 and T4 levels were determined by radioimmunassay. In both PTU-treated and thyroidectomized groups, plasma T3 and T4 levels were significantly lower than those in the control group. No abnormal changes were observed in the liver tis sue of the hypothyroid rats. There were significant decreases in the epithelial magnitude of degenerated follicular cells in the thyroid tissues of the PTU-treated animals. Furthermore, these were seen in the lumen, which did not contain colloid. There was mononuclear cell infiltration and haemorrhage in the kidney cortex and medulla in both the thyroidectomized and PTU groups. The anterior pituitary in the thyroidectomized and PTU-treated rats showed a diffused hyperplasia. The tissue was locally haemorrhagic, and basophilic cells were frequently localized at the side of the haemorrhage. These findings show that both PTU and thyroidectomy-induced hypothyroidism causes changes in the histology of the kidney, thyroid gland and anterior pituitary. Med Sci Res 27:801-805 (C) 1999 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Hyperthyroidism causes lipid peroxidation in kidney and testis tissues of rats: Protective role of melatonin
(MAGHIRA & MAAS PUBLICATIONS, 2005) Mogulkoc, R; Baltaci, AK; Oztekin, E; Aydin, L; Tuncer, I
OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed at determining how 3-weeks intraperitoneal melatonin administration affected oxidative stress caused by experimental hyperthyroidism. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted on 30 male rats of Spraque-Dawley species. The experimental animals were divided to 3 groups (control, hyperthyroidism and hyperthyroidism+melatonin). The supplementation was continued for 3 weeks after which the animals were sacrified and tissue malondyaldehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels were determined. RESULTS: MDA levels in kidney and testis tissues in hyperthyroidism group were higher than those in control and hyperthyroidism+melatonin administered groups (p < 0.001) and levels in hyperthyroidism + melatonin administered group were higher than those in the control group (p < 0.001). The highest GSH levels were obtained in hyperthyroidism + melatonin-administered group (p < 0.001) and GSH levels in hyperthyroidism group were higher than those in the control group (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Results of the study demonstrate that hyperthyroidism induced by 3-weeks L-thyroxine administration increased oxidative stress in kidney and testis tissues and that although melatonin administration inhibited this stress to a certain extent, it could not bring the stress down to the level in controls.
Investigation of serum leptin levels in professional male football players and healthy sedentary males
(MAGHIRA & MAAS PUBLICATIONS, 2005) Unal, M; Unal, DO; Baltaci, AK; Mogulkoc, R; Kayserilioglu, A
OBJECTIVE: In the present study we aimed at investigating leptin levels in professional male athletes who have been exercising regularly for a long time and leptin levels in healthy sedentary males. METHODS: The study included 10 male professional football players and 17 healthy sedentary males. The relations between groups in terms of leptin levels, Max VO2 levels, blood lactic acid levels before and after exercise and effort durations were investigated. RESULTS: It was found in the study that although BMI of professional male athletes was higher than that of the healthy sedentary males, leptin levels of the former were significantly lower (p < 0.01), while VO(2)Max levels (p < 0.05) and test periods (p < 0.01) were significantly higher than those in the latter. As for lactic acid levels after exercise and between groups, these were also higher in athletes, but the difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Leptin levels of those who exercised regularly were found lower than the levels in healthy males. Although the increase in serum leptin levels is in direct proportion with BMI in general, the major determinant of serum leptin level is the body fat rate. As regular exercising reduces body tat rate, it also reduces serum leptin levels.
Melatonin prevents oxidant damage in various tissues of rats with hyperthyroidism
(PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 2006) Mogulkoc, R; Baltaci, AK; Oztekin, E; Aydin, L; Sivrikaya, A
Impairment of thyroid functions brings about pathological changes in different organs of body. Findings of in vivo and in vitro studies indicate that thyroid hormones have a considerable impact on oxidative stress. Melatonin reduces oxidative damage through its free radical eliminating and direct anti-oxidant effects. The present study was undertaken to determine how a 3-week period of intraperitoneal melatonin administration affected oxidative damage caused in experimental hyperthyroidism in rat. The experimental animals were divided into 3 groups (control, hyperthyroidism, hyperthyroidism+melatonin). Malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels were determined in different tissues. MDA levels in cerebral, liver and cardiac tissues in hyperthyroidism group were significantly higher than those in control and hyperthyroidism+melatonin supplemented groups (p < 0.001). The highest GSH levels were observed in the group that was administered melatonin in addition to having hyperthyroidism (p < 0.001). These results show that hyperthyroidism increased oxidative damage in cerebral, hepatic and cardiac tissues of rat. Melatonin supplementation may also suppress oxidative damage. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Opposite effects of zinc and melatonin on thyroid hormones in rats
(ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD, 2004) Baltaci, AK; Mogulkoc, R; Kul, A; Bediz, CS; Ugur, A
The present study was conducted to investigate how thyroid function in rats is affected by administration of 3 mg per kg per day of zinc and/or melatonin. The study was conducted with 40 Sprague-Dawley adult male rats equally divided into four groups: 1 (controls), 2 (zinc-only), 3 (melatonin-only) and 4 (zinc- and melatonin-supplemented). The supplementation was continued for 4 weeks after which the animals were sacrificed and plasma samples were obtained for determination of zinc, melatonin, free- and total triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels. The free T3, T4 and TSH levels were lower in the melatonin group than in all other groups (P<0.01), while free- and total T3 levels were higher in the zinc group (P<0.01). The group that received zinc and melatonin combined had free thyroid hormone levels higher than the only melatonin group. These results show that melatonin has a thyroid function suppressing action, just the opposite to the actions of zinc. When zinc is administered along with melatonin, its thyroid function suppression is diminished. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
Pinealectomy inhibits antioxidant system in rats with hyperthyroidism
(MAGHIRA & MAAS PUBLICATIONS, 2005) Mogulkoc, R; Baltaci, AK; Aydin, L; Oztekin, E; Sivrikaya, A
OBJECTIVE: Thyroid hormones regulate energy metabolism and act on the mitochondria, which is an important source of free radicals in the cell. Reactive oxygen types play a significant role in physiological mechanisms, but in excessive amounts they can cause oxidative damage in molecules. The aim of the present study was to determine levels of lipid peroxidation caused by induced hyperthyroidism in cerebral, hepatic and cardiac tissues of pinealectomized rats. METHODS: Experimental animals used in the study were allocated to three groups as general control group, hyperthyroidism-sham pinealectomy group and hyperthyroidism-pinealectomy group. GSH and MDA levels in cerebral, hepatic and cardiac tissues were evaluated at the end of the 3-week study period. RESULTS: It was found that MDA levels in cerebral, hepatic and cardiac tissues were the highest in hyperthyroidism and pinealectomy group and that these values were higher in hyperthyroidism-sham pinealectomy group than in the control group (p < 0.001). it was seen that tissue GSH levels significantly increased in hyperthyroidism-sham pinealectomy group (p < 0.001) and that the increase in hyperthyroidism and pinealectomy group was higher than the increase in the control group only (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Results of our study show that MDA and GSH levels in cerebral, hepatic and cardiac tissues increased due to hyperthyroidism and that the increase in MDA levels became more evident and GSH levels were significantly suppressed after pinealectomy.
The relation between serum leptin levels and max VO2 in male patients with type I diabetes and healthy sedentary males
(TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, 2004) Unal, M; Unal, DO; Salman, F; Baltaci, AK; Mogulkoc, R
This study aimed at investigating leptin levels in male diabetes type I patients who were on insulin treatment and also healthy sedentary males. The study included 10 male type I diabetes patients and 17 healthy sedentary males. Leptin levels of type I diabetes patients and healthy sedentary males with body mass index (BMI) over 25 kg/m(2) were evaluated separately. The relation between serum leptin, max VO2, blood lactic acid levels before and after exercise, and effort durations of participants were investigated. At the end of the tests, no difference was found between leptin levels, max VO2 values, lactic acid values before exercise, and test durations of male type I diabetes patients and healthy sedentary males (p > .05), whereas lactic acid levels after exercise were found to be lower in healthy sedentary males (p < .05). Leptin levels in the group with BMI above 25 kg/m(2) were higher than those in the group with BMI below 25 kg/m(2) (P < .001). It was also seen that max VO2 values and test durations were higher in the group with BMI below 25 kg/m(2) (p < .05). In conclusion, leptin levels of male type I diabetes patients are close to those of healthy sedentary males. The increase in leptin levels in both groups is in proportion to the BMI of individuals.
Short-term thyroxine administration leads to lipid peroxidation in renal and testicular tissues of rats with hypothyroidism
(AKADEMIAI KIADO, 2005) Mogulkoc, R; Baltaci, AK; Oztekin, E; Ozturk, A; Sivrikaya, A
Thyroid dysfunction brings about pathological changes in different organs of the body. The aim of the present study was to examine how experimental hypothyroidism and additional short-term high-dose thyroxine administration (one-week) affected lipid peroxidation in renal and testicular tissues of rats. The study was carried out on 30 male Spraque-Dawley rats. The experimental animals were divided into 3 groups as control, hypothyroidism and hypothyroidism + thyroxine administration. Both malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels were lower in renal and testicular tissues of the hypothyroidism group than the control and hypothyroidism + thyroxine administration groups and the levels in hypothyroidism + thyroxine administration group were higher than those in the control and hypothyroidism groups (p < 0.001). Results of the study demonstrate that hypothyroidism reduced oxidant stress in kidney and testis tissues, but short-term, high-dose thyroxine administration in addition to hypothyroidism increased oxidant stress in the same tissues of rats.
Stimulation of cardiac sympathetic nerve activity by central angiotensinergic mechanisms in conscious sheep
(AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC, 2004) Watson, AMD; Mogulkoc, R; McAllen, RM; May, CN
Central actions of angiotensin play an important role in cardiovascular control and have been implicated in the pathogenesis of hypertension and heart failure. One feature of centrally or peripherally administered angiotensin is that the bradycardia in response to an acute pressor effect is blunted. It is unknown whether after central angiotensin this is due partly to increased cardiac sympathetic nerve activity (CSNA). We recorded CSNA and arterial pressure in conscious sheep, at least 3 days after electrode implantation. The effects of intracerebroventricular infusions of ANG II ( 3 nmol/h for 30 min) and artificial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) ( 1 ml/h) were determined. The response to intracerebroventricular hypertonic saline (0.6 M NaCl in CSF at 1 ml/h) was examined as there is evidence that hypertonic saline acts via angiotensinergic pathways. Intracerebroventricular angiotensin increased CSNA by 23 +/- 7% (P < 0.001) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) by 7.6 +/- 1.2 mmHg (P < 0.001) but did not significantly change heart rate (n = 5). During intracerebroventricular ANG II the reflex relation between CSNA and diastolic blood pressure was significantly shifted to the right (P < 0.01). Intracerebroventricular hypertonic saline increased CSNA (+9.4 +/- 6.6%, P < 0.05) and MAP but did not alter heart rate. The responses to angiotensin and hypertonic saline were prevented by intracerebroventricular losartan (1 mg/h). In conclusion, in conscious sheep angiotensin acts within the brain to increase CSNA, despite increased MAP. The increase in CSNA may account partly for the lack of bradycardia in response to the increased arterial pressure. The responses to angiotensin and hypertonic saline were losartan sensitive, indicating they were mediated by angiotensin AT-1 receptors.
Testosterone and zinc supplementation in castrated rats: Effects on plasma leptin levels and relation with LH, FSH and testosterone
(PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 2006) Baltaci, AK; Mogulkoc, R; Ozturk, A
The present study aims to examine how zinc and testosterone supplementation, in combination and separately, affect plasma LH, FSH and leptin levels in castrated rats. Eighty experimental animals used in the study were allocated to 8 groups, each containing an equal number of rats. Group 1, control group; Group 2, castration group; Group 3, testosterone group (5 mg/kg/day); Group 4, zinc-supplemented group (3 mg/kg/ day); Group 5, testosterone and zinc-supplemented group; Group 6, zinc-supplemented castration group; Group 7, testosterone and castration group; and Group 8, zinc-supplemented, testosterone and castration group. Plasma zinc, leptin, LH, FSH and free and total testosterone levels were determined in the blood samples collected from the animals by decapitation. Group 2 had the highest leptin levels and together with group 6, it also showed the highest LH and FSH levels (p < 0.01). The lowest leptin levels were observed in groups 3 and 7 (p < 0.01). Leptin levels in groups 4 and 6 were higher than those in ups 1, 5 and 8 (p < 0.01). LH levels gro in group 4 were lower than those in groups 2 and 6 and higher than those in all other groups (p < 0.01). Free and total testosterone levels in groups 7 and 8 were lower than those in groups 3 and 5, but higher than those in all other groups (p < 0.01). Plasma LH levels may be more effective than testosterone on plasma leptin and zinc may be an important mediator of the effect LH has on leptin. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Zinc supplementation ameliorates electromagnetic field-induced lipid peroxidation in the rat brain
(TOHOKU UNIV MEDICAL PRESS, 2006) Bediz, CS; Baltaci, AK; Mogulkoc, R; Oztekin, E
Extremely low-frequency (0-300 Hz) electromagnetic fields (EMFs) generated by power lines, wiring and home appliances are ubiquitous in Our environment. All populations are now exposed to EMF, and exposure to EMF may pose health risks. Some of the adverse health effects of EMF exposure are lipid peroxidation and cell damage in various tissues. This study has investigated the effects of EMF exposure and zinc administration on lipid peroxidation in the rat brain. Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated to three groups; they were maintained untreated for 6 months (control, n=8), exposed to low-frequency (50 Hz) EMF for 5 minutes every other day for 6 months (n=8), or exposed to EMF and received Zinc sulfate daily (3 mg/kg/day) intraperitoneally (n=8). We measured plasma levels of zinc and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) in erythrocytes. TBARS and GSH levels were also determined in the brain tissues. TBARS levels in the plasma and brain tissues were higher in EMF-exposed rats with or without zinc supplementation, than those in controls (p<0.001). In addition, TBARS levels were significantly lower in the zinc-supplemented rats than those in the EMF-exposed rats (p<0.001). GSH levels were significantly decreased in the brain and erythrocytes of the EMF-exposed rats (p<0.01), and were highest in the zinc-supplemented rats (p<0.001). Plasma zinc was significantly lower in the EMF-exposed rats than those in controls (p<0.001), while it was hi-hest in the zinc-supplemented rats (p<0.001). The present study suggests that long-term exposure to low-frequency EMF increases lipid peroxidation in the brain, which may be ameliorated by Zinc Supplementation.

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