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Öğe Alternatif protein kaynağı olarak soya küspesi yerine kullanılan haşhaş (Papaver somniferum L.) tohumu küspesinin Japon bıldırcınlarında performans ve karkas özelliklerine etkisi(2004) Yıldız, Alp Önder; Olgun, Osman; Cufadar, Yusuf; Parlat, Sinan SefaBu çalışma, soya küspesine alternatif bir protein kaynağı olarak farklı seviyelerde haşhaş tohumu küspesi (HTK) içeren rasyonların Japon bıldırcınlarında canlı ağırlık, canlı ağırlık artışı, yem tüketimi, yemden yararlanma katsayısı ve karkas özelliklerine etkisini saptamak için yapılmıştır. Toplam olarak 400 adet, bir günlük yaşta, bıldırcın civcivi her birinde 80'er adet olmak üzere 5 muamele grubuna ayrılmıştır. Araştırma, her birinde 10'ar adet bıldırcın civcivi olmak üzere, 8 tekerrürlü 40 alt grupta yürütülmüştür. Denemede, % 24 ham protein, 3000 kkal ME/kg ve % 40 soya küspesi içeren kontrol rasyonundaki (A) soya küspesi yerine % 0, 5, 10, 15 ve 20 seviyelerinde HTK kullanılarak hazırlanan rasyonlar (A, B, C, D ve E) 35 gün boyunca ad libitum yedirilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, rasyon HTK seviyeleri grupların canlı ağırlık, canlı ağırlık artışı ve yem tüketimlerini etkilememiştir. Ancak, yemden yararlanma katsayısı bakımından 0-35. günlerde gruplar arasındaki farklılıklar önemli bulunmuştur (P0.05). Keza, karkas randımanı, karaciğer ve kalp ağırlıkları rasyon HTK seviyesinden etkilenmezken, gruplara ait karkas ağırlıkları arasındaki farklılıklar önemli bulunmuştur (PO.05). Deneme bulgularından, bıldırcın rasyonlarında soya küspesi yerine % 20'ye kadar HTK kullanımının uygun olabileceği söylenebilir.Öğe Effect of dietary alfalfa meal on performance, egg quality, egg yolk cholesterol and hatchability parameters of quail breeders(2015) Olgun, Osman; Yıldız, Alp ÖnderThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different levels of alfalfa meal on performance, egg quality, egg yolk cholesterol and hatchability parameters of quail breeders. In this trial a total of 90 Japanese quail breeders (30 males, 60 females), 10 weeks old was distributed 5 experimental groups randomly. Each experimental group consisted of 6 replicates of 3 quails (1 males, 2 females) in each. During the 12 weeks experiment period, birds were fed with 5 dietary groups based on corn and soybean meal and containing 0 (control), 10, 20, 40 and 80 g/kg alfalfa meal. Feed and water were offered ad-libitum throughout the experiment. The different dietary levels of alfalfa meal had no significant effect on body weight change, egg production, egg weight, egg mass, feed conversion ratio, egg shell breaking strength, egg yolk triglyceride, fertility, hatchability of fertile eggs or hatchability of eggs set. The feed intake was decreased with 10 or 20 g/kg alfalfa meal levels in the diet. The eggshell weight was best in quails fed 20 g/kg alfalfa meal, and the egg yolk cholesterol was the lowest in quails fed 40 g/kg alfalfa meal. According to the results of this study the addition of 40 g/kg alfalfa meal in laying quail diets decreased the egg yolk cholesterol levels without adverse effect on performance.Öğe THE EFFECT OF DIETARY ESSENTIAL OIL MIXTURE SUPPLEMENTATION ON PERFORMANCE, EGG QUALITY AND BONE CHARACTERISTICS IN LAYING HENS(WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH, 2016) Olgun, OsmanThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of seven different levels (0, 25, 50, 100, 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg) of a phytogenic feed additive containing a mixture of essential oils from thyme, black cumin, fennel, anise and rosemary on performance, eggshell quality, bone biomechanical properties and bone mineralization in laying hens. This study consisted of a total of 112, 21-week-old Super Nick laying hens, which were randomly distributed into seven experimental groups. During the 12-week experimental period, each experimental group of four replicates of four birds each was fed with seven treatment diets. Egg weight and egg mass were positively linearly affected by essential oil mixture supplementation. Also, eggshell thickness was increased quadratically by essential oil mixture supplementation. The biomechanical properties and tibia mineral content were adversely affected by essential oil mixture supplementation at the level of 600 and 400 mg/kg, respectively. These results demonstrated that dietary supplementation with a low or medium concentration of essential oils improved bone parameters, while at high levels were adversely affected in laying hens.Öğe Effect of dietary supplementation of essential oils mixture on performance, eggshell quality, hatchability, and mineral excretion in quail breeders(SPRINGER HEIDELBERG, 2014) Olgun, Osman; Yildiz, Alp OnderThe main aim of this study was to investigate the effect of six different levels (0, 50, 100, 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg) of phytogenic feed additive containing a mixture essential oils from thyme, black cumin, fennel, anise and rosemary on performance, eggshell quality, reproductive traits, and mineral excretion in quail breeders. In this trial, a total of 60 male and 120 female quails, 91 days old, were randomly distributed in six experimental groups. During the 60-day experiment period, birds were fed with six treatment diets. Performances, eggshell qualities, hatchability, and mineral excretion data were evaluated at the end of the experiment. Results showed that the different dietary levels of essential oil mixture had no significant effect on performance parameters, damaged eggs, eggshell weight, fertility, hatchability of fertile eggs, hatchability of set eggs, and lead and boron excretion. On the other hand, 50 mg/kg supplementation of essential oil mixture (EOM) significantly improved egg-breaking strength and eggshell thickness, and ash, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, zinc, and cadmium excretion was significantly depressed in quail breeders supplemented with the two higher doses (400 or 600 mg/kg) of EOM. These results concluded that supplementing diets with EOM improved egg-breaking strength and decreased excretion of minerals in breeder quails.Öğe The Effect of Manganese and Phytase in the Diet for Laying Hens on Performance Traits and Eggshell Quality(MEDWELL ONLINE, 2010) Yıldız, Alp Önder; Olgun, Osman; Cufadar, YusufAn experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of manganese and phytase in the diet for hens on performance and eggshell quality. The study was carried out on 108 H and N Brown Nick hens, from 22-42 weeks of age, allocated to nine experimental groups. Each treatment consisted of 4 replications (3 birds/replicate). The birds were fed a basal diet containing 16% CP, 2800 kcal/ME/kg and 13.86 mg kg(-1) Mn. Nine diets, arranged in a factorial design (3x3) with 3 levels of Mn (Manganese sulfate) diet (0, 35 and 70 mg kg(-1)) and 3 levels of phytase preparation (0, 1000 and 5000 U) were used. The house had controlled ventilation and lighting (16 h day(-1)). All hens were supplied with feed and water ad-libitum. The performance Body Weight Change (BWC) Egg Production (EP) Egg Weight (EW) Egg Mass (EM) Feed Intake (FI) Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) and egg characteristics Egg Shape Index (ESI) Specific Gravity (SG) Albumen Index (AI) Egg Yolk Index (EYI) haugh unit, hu; Egg Shell Breaking Strength (ESBS) Egg Shell Thickness (EST) Egg Shell Weight (ESW) were not influenced by the dietary treatments during the experiment. It is concluded that supplementation manganese and phytase to diets containing a basal level of 13.86 mg kg(-1) Mn is not necessary in laying hens at 22-42 weeks period.Öğe Effect of nutrition on biomechanical properties of bone in laying hens and broilers(2014) Olgun, OsmanLeg problems have caused significant economic losses in poultry sector. Bone quality and strong is related to nutrition. In this review, effects of nutrition on bone strength are given to laying hens and broilers. For this, effects of some minerals and feed additives on bone quality were reviewed. Calcium, phosphorus, boron and some feed additives in feeding of hens and broilers are important to strong bone. In addition, the form of calcium resources must be considered in laying hens.Öğe Effect of supplementation of different boron and copper levels to layer diets on performance, egg yolk and plasma cholesterol(ELSEVIER GMBH, 2013) Olgun, Osman; Yazgan, Oktay; Cufadar, YusufProcedure: This study was conducted to determine the effects of supplementation of different levels boron and copper on performance, lipids in yolk and plasma contains in layer diets. In this trial a total of 320 layer chicken (26 weeks old age) was randomly distributed in 16 experimental groups. In each experiment group were consist at 5 replicates, and in each replicates there were 4 birds. During the 16 weeks experiment period, birds were fed with 16 experimental diets. Experimental diets were consisting of all possible combination of 4 levels of added boron (0, 60, 120 and 240 mg/kg) and 4 levels of added copper (0, 75,150 and 300 mg/kg) to the basal ration. Results: Effect of treatments on body weight change and plasma glucose levels were not significant. However, added boron and copper had a significant effect on plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol fraction. While added boron had a significant adverse effect on performance parameters, added copper had a significant positive effect on the same parameters. Yolk lipid contents were increased by addition of boron to the ration. However, yolk lipid contents were decreased by addition of copper to the ration. Plasma lipid contents were also decreased by addition of copper and boron in the ration. Conclusion: Results of the present study showed that laying hens from 26 to 42 weeks of age should be fed with 60 mg/kg boron and 150 mg/kg copper supplementation in the diet. (C) 2012 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.Öğe Effects of Boron Supplementation Fed with Low Calcium to Diet on Performance and Egg Quality in Molted Laying Hens(MEDWELL ONLINE, 2009) Olgun, Osman; Cufadar, Yusuf; Yildiz, Alp OnderThis study was conducted to different levels of dietary Calcium (Ca) with Boron (B) supplementation effect on performance and egg quality in molted laying hens. Two hundred and eighty, 78 weeks old, White Leghom LSL laying hens were assigned to 8 groups with 7 replicates. Experiment had a 2X4 factorial arrangement of treatments with 2 levels of Ca diet (4.0% control and 3.5% low Ca) and 4 levels of B (Borax Pentahydrate) preparation (0, 100, 200 and 300 mg kg(-1)) were used. Laying hens were fed to eight dietary treatments during the 78-90 weeks periods. The different levels of dietary Ca and B as a main factor did not significantly effect on initial body weight, final body weight, egg production, feed conversion ratio, specific gravity, egg shell weight, damaged egg and egg shell breaking strength except for egg weight, feed intake, egg mass, haugh unit and albumen index. There was no interaction effect of Ca and B levels on the parameters except for egg yolk index, egg shape index and egg shell thickness (p<0.01; p<0.05). It is concluded that molted laying hens to the diet were not added B when the laying hens consumed adequately feed and Ca.Öğe Effects of Dietary Cadmium and Boron Supplementation on Performance, Eggshell Quality and Mineral Concentrations of Bone in Laying Hens(HUMANA PRESS INC, 2015) Olgun, Osman; Bahtiyarca, YilmazThis study was conducted to determine the effects of supplementation of different levels of cadmium and boron on performance, eggshell quality, and mineral concentrations of bone in layer diets. In this trial, a total of 144 layer chickens, 21 weeks old, were randomly divided into 12 experimental groups. In each experimental group, there were four replicates, and in each of the replicates, there were three hens. Experimental diets consisted of all possible combinations of four levels of added cadmium (0, 5, 15, and 45 mg/kg) and three levels of added boron (0, 60, and 120 mg/kg) to the basal diet. Added cadmium (15 or 45 mg/kg) had a significant adverse effect on performance parameters (P < 0.01). Eggshell thickness increased with the addition of 5 mg/kg level of cadmium to the diet (P < 0.01). Tibia cadmium content increased with the addition of cadmium and boron in the diet (P < 0.01). However, tibia boron content decreased with the supplementation of cadmium (P < 0.01). These results indicate that the addition of boron to the diet did not prevent adverse effect of cadmium on performance and eggshell quality, or accumulation of cadmium in bone.Öğe Effects of Dietary Energy Content on the Performance and Laying Traits of the Breeder Chukar Partridge (Alectoris Chukar) Housed in Battery Cages or Litter Floor Pens(ECOLE NATIONALE VETERINAIRE TOULOUSE, 2010) Cufadar, Yusuf; Olgun, Osman; Bahtiyarca, Yılmaz; Yıldız, A. Ö.In order to investigate the impact of environmental conditions on performance of game birds like partridges, the objective of this study is to explore the effects of dietary energy content and of 2 different housing conditions (battery cages vs. litter floor pen) on performance and laying traits in breeder chukar partridges. For that, 192 partridges, 36 weeks old at the beginning of experiment, were randomly allotted into 4 equal groups according to the housing type and the diet regimen flow energy (2 700 kcal/kg) or high energy (2 900 kcal/kg) diets] for 16 weeks using a 2x2 factorial arrangement. Weight variations, food intake and food efficiency, as well as reproductive traits (egg production, egg mass, egg weight, fertility and hatchability) were recorded for the whole experimental period. Except for the egg hatchability which was significantly increased when partridges have received a low energy diet whatever the rearing conditions, the housing type and the dietary energy level have not significantly affected the laying performance and no interaction between these 2 factors was evidenced. These results suggest that a ration with a low energy content respecting the nutrient recommended supplies can be distributed to partridges whatever the housing conditions and can also improved egg hatchability.Öğe EFFECTS OF DIETARY SUPPLEMENTATION OF INORGANIC, ORGANIC OR NANO ZINC FORMS ON PERFORMANCE, EGGSHELL QUALITY, AND BONE CHARACTERISTICS IN LAYING HENS(WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH, 2017) Olgun, Osman; Yildiz, Alp OnderThis study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of dietary zinc forms and dosages on egg production performance, egg quality, and bone characteristics in laying hens. Forty-two-week-old, 144 Lohmann LSL-Lite laying hens were allocated to 12 experimental groups in a 4 (forms) x 3 (dosages) factorial arrangement. Four zinc forms including zinc-sulphate and zinc-oxide as inorganic forms, zinc-glycine as organic form and nano zinc-oxide powder as nano form at different dosages (50, 75 and 100 mg per kg diet) were tested. Compared to the inorganic (zinc-sulphate) form, the zinc-glycine supplementation significantly depressed the egg weight, egg mass and feed conversion ratio. The eggshell thickness was significantly decreased by supplementation with nano zinc-oxide. The shear force of tibia was significantly decreased by zinc-glycine or nano zinc-oxide supplemented in the diet when compared to inorganic forms of zinc. On the other hand, the dietary 50 mg/kg dosage of zinc was sufficient for optimum performance and the dietary 75 mg/kg dosage of zinc significantly improved shear force of tibia in laying hens. Tibia zinc content increased with the dietary 100 mg/kg dosage of zinc. The interactions between zinc forms and dosages had a significant effect on egg weight, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, eggshell thickness, shear force and shear stress of bone, and tibia calcium concentration. The highest egg weight and the lowest eggshell thickness were observed for the group fed with nano Zn-oxide at 100 mg/kg in the diet. These results showed that nano zinc form supplementation negatively affects the eggshell thickness and bone mechanical properties. The zinc in nano form may not be suggested for feeding laying hens, but other forms of zinc could be used safely in layer diets.Öğe Effects of diets including different levels of protein and supplemented with probioticenzyme on performance and eggshell quality of laying quails(2014) Olgun, Osman; Yıldız, Alp ÖnderThis study was carried out to determine the influence of diets including different levels of protein and supplemented with probiotic-enzyme mixed on performance parameters and eggshell quality in laying quails. Japanese quails (n120), 10 wk of age, were divided into 6 dietary treatment groups and the experiment lasted for 10 weeks. In each experiment group there were 5 replicates, and in each replicates there were 4 birds. Six diets, arranged a factorial design with three protein levels (16, 18 and 20 (control) %) and two levels of supplemented probiotic-enzyme mixed (0.0 and 1.0 g/kg) were used. Dietary crude protein levels and supplementation of probiotic-enzyme did not effect on the body weight gain, egg mass, feed intake, feed conversion, cracked egg yield, specific gravity and shell strength. However, egg production, eggshell thickness and eggshell weight were significantly increased by the addition of probiotic-enzymes mixed. Egg weight in group containing 18% crude protein was significantly higher than the containing 16% crude protein group. Results of the present study indicated that laying quails should be fed 18% crude protein and 1.0 g/kg of supplemental probiotic-enzyme mixed improved egg production and eggshell quality.Öğe The effects of eggshell and oyster shell supplemental as calcium sources on performance, eggshell quality and mineral excretion in laying hens(AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATION CENTRE, 2015) Olgun, Osman; Yildle, Alp Onder; Cufadar, YusufA study was conducted to determine the influence of different calcium sources in layer diets on performance, eggshell quality and mineral excretions. A total of 72 Hy-Line W36, layer birds of 25 weeks old; were distributed in 6 experimental groups randomly. In each experiment group there were 4 replicates, and in each replicates there Were 3 birds. During the 12 weeks experiment period, birds were fed 6 experimental diets. Experimental diets were consisted of various calcium sources for meeting the calcium requirements. It was control (limestone), 1/3 eggshell, 1/3 oyster shell, 1/3 eggshell+1/3 oyster shell, 2/3 eggshell and 2/3 oyster shell. Dietary different sources of calcium had no significant effect on body weight change, feed conversion ratio, eggshell breaking strength, eggshell thickness, and eggshell phosphorus and magnesium contents (p>0.05). The different sources calcium had a significantly effect on egg production,. egg weight,,egg mass, feed intake and eggshell weight in laying hens (p<0.01; p<0.05). The different calcium sources had significantly effect on eggshell calcium content, and calcium, phosphorus and magnesium-excretion in hens (p<0.01). Results of the present study observed that laying hens were not advantageous for performance by fed with eggshell and oyster shell as calcium sources.Öğe Effects of In-Ovo Injection of Manganese on Some Organ Weights and Lengths in Quail Hatching Eggs(Selçuk Üniversitesi, 2018) Şentürk, Esra Tuğçe; Aygün, Ali; Olgun, Osman; Yıldız, Alp ÖnderThis study investigated the effects of in-ovo injection of manganese on some organ weights and length in quail hatching (Coturnix coturnix japonica) eggs. In total, 400 quail hatching eggs were randomly divided into four treatment groups of 100 eggs per treatment with four replicates of 25 eggs each. On the 14th day of incubation, eggs from group 1 were not injected (control(C)), group 2 was injected with Mn-bioplex at 20 µg per egg (Mn20), group 3 was injected with Mn-bioplex at 40 µg per egg (Mn40), and group 4 was injected with Mn-bioplex at 80 µg per egg (Mn80). There were no significant differences among treatments for chick weight, yolk sac weight, liver weight, and heart weight. The highest chick length was obtained from the C treatment. No significant differences were found in chick length among Mn treatment groups. The beak length of C treatment were lower compares with that of the Mn80 treatment group (P<0.05). But no significant differences were observed in beak length among Mn treatments groups. The leg length in C group was significantly lower than Mn40 and Mn80 treatments groups, except Mn20 treatment group (P<0.01). As a result, it can be said that injection of Mn into the hatching quail eggs causes the chick and leg lengths to decrease, and beak length to increase without affecting the weight parameters examined.Öğe The Effects of Microbial Phytase to Low-Protein Diets Supplemented with Individual Amino Acids on Performance and Carcass Characteristics in Broilers(MEDWELL ONLINE, 2009) Cufadar, Yusuf; Yildiz, Alp Onder; Olgun, OsmanA 6 weeks experiment with 450 unsexed, one day-old broilers was carried out to determine the effects of adding phytase to low-protein diets supplemented with individual amino acids on performance, carcass traits and some organ weights. The chicks were fed with diets containing 22 and 20% Crude Protein (CP; control) for the 0-3 and for the 4-6 weeks of period, respectively. During the 0-3 and 4-6 weeks of periods, the other groups were fed with low protein diets (20 and 18% CP, respectively) containing lysine, methionine and threonine (EAA) levels of 100, 110, 120, or 130% of NRC recommendation. The diets were then supplemented with (500 FTU kg(-1) of diet; Natuphos, BASF, Germany) and without additional microbial phytase. This resulted in 4x2 factorial arrangements with four levels of and two levels of phytase (0 and 500 FTU kg(-1)) and so a total of 9 treatments with a control group were tested. Each treatment was replicated 3 times with each replication consisting of 15 chicks. All other nutrient contents of diets were met the requirements by NRC recommendation and were contained 3200 kcal ME kg(-1). The effects of interactions consist of EAA and phytase levels on body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, carcass traits except for wings weight and relative organs weight had no significant (p>0.05). There were no main effects of dietary EAA levels on body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, all measured carcass traits and relative organs weight, except for pancreas weight, in the experiment. As a main factor, effects of dietary phytase levels on all parameters had no significant. Also, there was no significant difference in terms of performances, carcass traits and organ weights (% of body weight) between control diet and low-CP diets. These data suggest that broilers fed low CP, EAA supplemented diet (lysine, methionine, threonine levels of 100% NRC recommendation) have performance and carcass traits similar to broilers fed higher level of CP recommended by NRC.Öğe THE EFFECTS OF SUPPLEMENTATION BORON, ZINC AND THEIR CADMIUM COMBINATIONS ON PERFORMANCE, EGGSHELL QUALITY, REPRODUCTIVE AND BIOMECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF BONE IN QUAIL BREEDERS(AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATION CENTRE, 2014) Olgun, Osman; Yildiz, Alp OnderThis study was conducted to determine the effects of dietary boron, zinc and their combinations to polluted diets with cadmium on performance, eggshell quality, reproductive and biomechanical properties of tibia in quails. A total of 60 male and 120 female quails, 20 weeks old, were randomly distributed in six equal diets groups. Diet I was control group, Diet II was added 20 mg/kg cadmium. Diet III was administered 20 mg/kg cadmium + 60 mg/kg boron. Diet IV was administered 20 mg/kg cadmium + 50 mg/kg zinc. Diet V was administered 20 mg/kg cadmium + 30 mg/kg boron + 25 mg/kg zinc. Diet VI was administered 20 mg/kg cadmium + 60 mg/kg boron + 50 mg/kg zinc. Effect of treatments on body weight, egg weight, feed intake, mortality, eggs damaged, specific gravity, eggshell weight, shear force, shear stress and hatchability were not significant (p>0.05). However, the diet VI had a significant adverse effect on the some performance parameters (egg production, egg mass and feed conversion ratio). Egg quality and fertility were improved by the addition of cadmium. Cortex thickness and cortex cross section area of tibia were the best when quails fed with diet III. Results of the present study showed that the supplementation of 20 mg/kg cadmium to the diets had positive effect on eggshell quality in quail breeders.Öğe Farklı seviyelerde enerji içeren yumurtacı tavuk rasyonlarına humat ilavesinin performans ve kabuk kalitesi özellikleri ile plazma ve tibia mineral düzeylerine etkisi(2012) Olgun, Osman; Cufadar, Yusuf; Yıldız, Alp ÖnderFarklı seviyede enerji içeren yumurtacı tavuk rasyonlarına humat ilavesinin performans ve kabuk kalitesi özellikleri ile plazma ve tibia mineral seviyesi üzerine etkisini belirlemek için yürütülen bu çalışmada, otuz haftalık yaşta 180 adet Lohmann Brown-Klasik yumurtacı tavuk 10 muamele rasyonu ile 12 hafta yemlenmişlerdir. Her bir muamele grubu, her birinde 3 adet hayvan olmak üzere 6 tekerrürden oluşmuştur. Çalışma, 2 farklı metabolik enerji seviyesi (2600 ve 2750 kkal/kg yem) ve 5 farklı humat seviyesi (0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 ve 4.0 g/kg) olmak üzere 2x5 faktöriyel deneme planına göre yürütülmüştür. Rasyonda farklı metabolik enerji ve humat seviyeleri canlı ağırlık değişimini, yumurta verimini, özgül ağırlığı, hasarlı yumurta oranını, kabuk oranını, tibia Mn seviyesini, karaciğer ve pankreas oranlarını ve incebağırsak pH’sını etkilememiştir. Ancak, yumurta ağırlığı, yumurta kitlesi, yem tüketimi, yemden yararlanma oranı, kabuk kırılma direnci, kabuk kalınlığı, plazma Ca, Mg ve Zn içeriği ile tibia Ca ve P seviyeleri ve taşlık pH’sı Muamelelerden önemli derecede etkilenmişlerdir. Sonuç olarak, enerji seviyesi düşürülmüş yumurta tavuğu rasyonlarına 1.0 g/kg humat ilavesinin kabuk kırılma direncini ve plazma Ca ve Zn seviyelerini olumlu yönde etkilediği söylenebilir.Öğe Farklı seviyelerde kullanılabilir fosfor ihtiva eden damızlık bıldırcın rasyonlarına fitaz enzimi ilavesinin performans ve kabuk kalitesine etkisi(Selçuk Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2005-09-28) Olgun, Osman; Bahtiyarca, YılmazBu çalışma, farklı seviyelerde kullanılabilir fosfor (KP) içeren rasyonlarla yemlenen damızlık bıldırcın rasyonlarına fitaz enzimi ilavesinin performans ve kabuk kalitesine etkisini tespit etmek için yapılmıştır. Üç x 4 faktöriyel deneme planında, 3 KP seviyesi (% 0.15, 0.25 ve 0.35) ve dört fitaz seviyesinin (0, 300, 600 ve 1200 U/kg) oluşturulduğu 12 muamele, her birinde 6 bıldırcın (erkek/dişi oranı: 1/2) bulunan alt gruplarla 4 tekerrürlü olarak denenmiştir. Yedi haftalık yaşta toplam 288 adet damızlık Japon bıldırcını 28'er günlük 5 periyot halinde deneme rasyonları ile yemlenmişlerdir. Yem ve su ad-libitum olarak verilmiş ve 16 saat aydınlatma uygulanmıştır. Ana faktör olarak rasyon KP ve fitaz seviyeleri ve KP x fıtaz interaksiyonları, nihai canlı ağırlık, canlı ağırlık artışı, ölüm oranı, ortalama yumurta ağırlığını, yem tüketimini, mutlak kabuk ağırlığı (g), kabuk oranı (%) ve döl verimini önemli olarak etkilememiştir. Rasyon KP seviyesinin 2., 3. ve 5. periyotları ile tüm araştırma dönemi yumurta verimi- YV (adet ve %), yumurta kitlesi (YK), yem değerlendirme katsayısı- YDK (yem, g/yumurta kitlesi, g) ve çıkış gücü üzerine etkisi önemli olmuş ve bu parametreler % 0.15 KP içeren rasyonla beslenen bıldırcınlarda, düşük bulunmuştur (P<0.05, P<0.01). Rasyon fitaz seviyesi ve KP x fitaz interaksiyonları YV, YK, YDK ve çıkış gücünü önemli olarak etkilememiştir. Kabuk mukavemeti rasyon KP ve fıtaz seviyelerinden etkilenmemiş ise de, % 0.25 KP + 1200 U/kg fıtaz içeren rasyonla beslenen bıldırcınlarda maksimum olmuş ve bu grubun kabuk mukavemeti diğer bazı gruplardan önemli derecede (P<0.01) yüksek olmuştur. Denemenin ortasında toplanan yumurtalarda ölçülen kabuk kalınlığı, % 0.35 KP'li rasyonla beslenen bıldırcınlarda, % 0.15 ve 0.25 KP'li rasyonla beslenen bıldırcınlardan önemli derecede yüksek olmuştur.Öğe Japon bıldırcınlarında deneysel aflatoksikozis üzerine sodyum-bentonit ilavesinin etkisi(2004) Yıldız, Alp Önder; Parlat, Sinan Sefa; Olgun, Osman; Cufadar, YusufBu çalışma, Japon bıldırcınlarında aflatoksikozis üzerine sodyum bentonit (NaB)'in etkisi araştırmak için yürütülmüştür. Toplam, 10 günlük yaşta, 120 Japon bıldırcını, her birinde 30 adet olmak üzere 4 deneme grubuna rastgele dağıtılmıştır. Her bir grup her birinde 3 adet bıldırcın olmak üzere 10 alt gruba ayrılmıştır. Mısır-soya küspesine dayalı aflatoksin (AF) içermeyen temel rasyon kontrol rasyonu olarak kullanılmıştır. Buna göre: I) Kontrol (K): temel rasyon; II) K2.5 mg/kg AF; III) K % 1 NaB; IV) K2.5 mg/kg AF% 1 NaB şeklinde hazırlanan 4 farklı deneme rasyonu 35 gün süreyle deneme gruplarına ad libitum yedirilmiştir. Performans parametreleri haftalık olarak belirlenmiştir. Deneme sonunda, sadece AF içeren rasyonları tüketen bıldırcınlarda canlı ağırlık artışı ve yem tüketimi önemli derecede azalmıştır. Fakat, AF içeren rasyonlara NaB ilavesiyle AF'den dolayı azalan canlı ağırlık artışı ve yem tüketimi önemli derecede artmıştır. Aflatoksin içeren rasyonla beslenen bıldırcınlar canlı ağırlık artışındaki kümülatif azalış % 14.6 iken, AF içeren rasyona NaB ilavesiyle bu azalma sadece % 5.5 olmuş, benzer şekilde yem tüketimindeki kümülatif azalış AF içeren rasyonu tüketen grupta % 17.8 olurken, AF içeren rasyona NaB ilavesiyle bu azalış sadece % 1 olmuştur. Sadece AF içeren rasyonu tüketen bıldırcınların yemden yararlanma katsayıları diğer gruplardan daha düşük olmuştur. Bu çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre, Japon bıldırcınlarında AF'den kaynaklanan olumsuz etkilerin önlenmesinde NaB'in etkili olabileceği söylenebilir.Öğe Mısır-soya küspesine dayalı rasyonlara inorganik çinko ve fitaz ilavesinin yumurta tavuklarında performans ve yumurta kalite özelliklerine etkisi(2009) Cufadar, Yusuf; Yıldız, Alp Önder; Olgun, Osman; Bahtiyarca, YılmazMısır-soya küspesine dayalı rasyonlara inorganik çinko ve fitaz ilavesinin yumurta tavuklarında performans ve yumurta kalite özelliklerine etkisini belirlemek için bir çalışma yürütülmüştür. Yirmi iki haftalık yaştaki 108 adet H&N Nick Brown yumurta tavuğu 22-42 haftalar arasında 9 muamele rasyonu ile yemlenmiştir. Her bir muamele her birinde 3 adet hayvan olmak üzere 12 hayvanın bulunduğu 4 tekerrürden oluşmuştur. Denemede, 3 farklı (0, 50 ve 100 mg/kg ) çinko seviyesi ve 3 farklı (0, 1000 ve 5000 U/kg) fitaz seviyesi olmak üzere 3x3 faktöriyel deneme planına göre 9 farklı rasyon kullanılmıştır. Çinko ve fitaz ilavesi canlı ağırlık değişimi, yumurta verimi, yumurta ağırlığı, yumurta kitlesi, yem tüketimi ve yemden yararlanma oranını etkilememiştir. Aynı zamanda muamelelerin şekil indeksi, özgül ağırlık, sarı indeksi, kabuk kırılma direnci, kabuk kalınlığı ve kabuk ağırlığına etkisi önemsiz olmuş, fakat albümin indeksi ve haugh birimi rasyon çinko seviyesinden önemli olarak etkilenmiştir. Denemeden elde edilen sonuçlara göre yumurta tavuğu rasyonlarına çinko ve fitaz ilavesinin performans ve yumurta kalite özelliklerine pozitif bir etkisinin olmadığı söylenebilir.
